Article begins with a review of the larger scale factors and local factors that influence the precipitation climatology of Costa Rica. Annual and seasonal rainfall records indicate substantial interannual variability, especially in association
with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). ENSO can cause floods and droughts in different parts of the country in different seasons. AA. conclude by discussing explanatory mechanisms in rainfall regime in Costa Rica caused by ENSO warm events. - (SLD)
Antiphasing between rainfall in Africa's rift valley and North America's Great Basin
abrupt warming. At about this time, a major change in the pattern of global rainfall occured. Lake Victoria was rejuvenated, the Red Sea freshened and Lake Lahontan dessicated. For the AA., the onset of the Bølling-Allerød warm interval appears to have
Rainfall that is pushed along horizontally by the wind is referred to as wind-driven rain (WDR) or driving rain. Water penetration of exposed building surfaces is enhanced with WDR, and structural damage is accelerated with repeated WDR exposure
that develops a relationship between rainfall on a horizontal surface and rainfall on a vertical surface. The WDR estimates are used to create thematic maps.
Aeolian transport of sediment on a beach during and after rainfall, Wilwood, NJ, USA
A field investigation was conducted 9 March 1994 on a dissipative beach to compare wind characteristics and aeolian transport during and after a light rain, at Wildwood, New Jersey. The amount of sand trapped at Wilwood during rainfall is relatively
Grain size distribution ; Precipitation ; Rainfall simulation ; Rill wash ; Sediment transport ; Slope ; Soil erosion ; Water erosion
This paper investigates the transport of particles in shallow, rain-impacted flow. Specifically the relationships among rainfall energy, flow energy and transport distance will be investigated. From this investigation a definition of competence
The geomorphic model, SIBERIA, is calibrated on hydrologic and erosion data collected by a combination of monitoring and rainfall simulation experiments on the waste rock dumps of Ranger. This model is used to predict the evolution of the proposed
This paper focuses on the problem of soil development under conditions of alternating wetting and drying due to rainfall infiltration, evaporation, and gravity drainage. Thermodynamic potential and kinetic laws are employed in a geochemical model
coupled with a physically based model for describing the simultaneous transport of solutes and water in the vadose zone resulting from rainfall infiltration and evaporation. A numerical experiment was conducted to demonstrate how incipient soil development
and Villamblain (Petite Beauce) silty clay loam were collected from the A horizon. The results provide a suitable explanation for field observations of increasing infiltration rate with either increasing rainfall intensity or runoff rate.
Overland-flow and rainfall-simulation experiments were conducted on three slopes in the Draix Erosional Research Basin to determine the nature and intensity of hillslope erosion processes which control sediment generation and transport on the slopes
tested and verified on a set of 3007 measured soil erosion data pairs from storms on natural rainfall and run-off plots using the best possible, unbiased, real-world model.
The historical data series for temperature and rainfall available for the Italian peninsula indicate that over the last one hundred years there has been a tendency towards an increase in temperature and a decrease in average annual rainfall
Alicante ; Arid area ; Carbonate rock ; Crete ; Greece ; Infiltration ; Israel ; Land use ; Mediterranean area ; Rainfall simulation ; Rill wash ; Soil erosion ; Spain ; Water erosion
The approach of this paper is to compare the response to standard rainfall experiments, of sites on similar limestone lithologies, located along climatic gradients at different locations in the Mediterranean region (Galilee and Carmel Mountains
Aggregate ; Arid area ; California ; Infiltration ; Mediterranean climate ; Rainfall simulation ; Rill wash ; Semi-arid area ; Soil erosion ; Soil properties ; Splash ; United States of America
The AA. conducted rainfall simulation experiments in which they measured soil splash and wash erosion, runoff and splash volume for seventeen California soils. The results show tha the formation of soil seals increases runoff and erosion through
The erosional response of calcareous soils along a climatological gradient in Alicante is studied. The erosional response is defined in terms of indicators obtained from field rainfall simulation experiments and laboratory studies of soil
This study is an investigation of the possible relationship between accident occurrence and variations in rainfall and thermal stress in Hong Kong for the period 1985-1994. The existence of seasonal variation and weekly cycle of accidents is also