Roughly linearforest patches are common in subalpine environments, including hedges, ribbon forest, and Shimagare or wave regenerated forests (waves). The influence of wind is common among these patterns, but the role of positive feedback, the most
important component of self-organization in biological systems varies. Hedges and waves can develop endogenously with a constant wind, and so can be considered self-organizing. Most ribbon forests seem to be dominated by exogenous forces.
Air temperature ; Base level ; Forest ; Linear regression ; Neural network ; Poland ; Precipitation ; Soil water ; Water
of instrumental measurements were used for neural model construction. Spatial extrapolation of data was based on the linear regression between one-year grondwater level data at different forest sites. A trial correction of the groundwater levels for changeable
A method of groundwater level reconstruction for the Niepołomice Forest for the period without instrumental measurements is presented. Monthly air-temperature averages, precipitation totals and groundwater level averages for the period
Based on data from the Loess Plateau of China, some non-linear relationships between forest cover, mean annual rainfall erosivity and annual precipitation have been found. A threshold has been identified. Furthermore, 2 thresholds are identified
in the relationship between rainall erosivity and annual precipitation. Based on these relationships, the non-linear relationship between erosion intensity and annual precipitation is explained. The implication of these thresholds for erosion control on the Loess
Costa Rica ; Erosion budget ; Forest ; Linear regression ; Pastureland ; Rill wash ; Slope gradient ; Soil erosion ; Tropical zone ; Vegetation ; Watershed
Field work was done at 3 plots on 32° to 46°slopes in the Upper Reventazón river basin. Annual surface runoff and annual inorganic soil loss were evaluated from the pasture and primary forest plots and secondary forest plot. Discussion
Carrying capacity ; Colorado ; Discharge ; Fluvial dynamics ; Grain size distribution ; Linear regression ; Model ; Stream ; United States of America ; Wyoming ; Years 1990-99
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the best-fit functions between measured bedload and discharge and provide support for the selection of a two-piece linear regression model with a distinct breakpoint that can be bounded with confidence limits
by applying bootstrapping techniques. The AA. present and demonstrate the application of the piecewise regression procedure for transport rates measured at 8 sites on the Fraser Experimental Forest near Fraser, Colorado, where 100 to 200 samples were collected
Bolivia ; Classification ; Deforestation ; Environmental management ; Forest ; LANDSAT ; Land use ; Remote sensing ; Road ; Tropical rain forest ; Tropical zone
Landsat images that were preprocessed and mosaicked. FNF trajectory images were created for each date pair to indicate areas of stable forest and non-forest, and areas and rates of de/reforestation. Multiple non-linear relationships exist between
This research presents the analysis of rates and patterns of land cover change in Pando, northern Bolivia. Using a decision tree classifier, five forest/non-forest (FNF) classifications were created for 1986, 1991, 1996, 2000, and 2005 from 40
the fragmentation metrics and distance from road. The results have implications for understanding and managing the spatial contiguity of these forests, which provide valuable ecological services as well as the livelihood base for many inhabitants.
Aerial photography ; Ebro ; Fluvial dynamics ; Fluvial geomorphology ; Forest ; Mediterranean area ; Photointerpretation ; Riparian vegetation ; Space time ; Spain ; Stream ; Twentieth Century
of riparian forest spots; and a modification of the riparian forest, which is currently linear, uniform, thin and very close to the river axis. The ecomorphological alteration was intensified by the remarkable reduction in bank length and the reduced dynamism
of the present river system, indicated by an increase in the percentage of fluvial territory occupied by riparian forests and a reduction in the area occupied by the active channel.
[b2] Dep. of Hydraulics and Hydrology, Technical College of Forest Engineering, Polytechnic Univ., Madrid, Espagne
[b3] Dep. of Topography, Technical College of Forest Engineering, Polytechnic Univ., Madrid, Espagne
New geomorphological evidence from satellite images is interpreted in the light of recent work on Quaternary desert advance in West and Central Africa to suggest that regions currently supporting tropical lowland rain forest were during
the Quaternary period, covered by windblown sand in the form of linear desert dunes. These findings have implications for Pleistocene refugia in Africa and may explain both the relative paucity and high degree of endemism observed among African biota.
Weathering and soil formation rates based on geochemical mass balances in a small forested watershed under acid precipitation in subtropical China
Acid rain ; Anhui ; Chemical erosion ; China ; Forest ; Geochemistry ; Model ; Multiple regression ; Pedogenesis ; Subtropical zone ; Watershed ; Weathering
In this study, rates of weathering and soil formation on granite and their dependences on acid precipitation were studied in a small forested watershed, Fengxingzhuang (FXZ), in subtropical China using geochemical mass balance equations and multiple
that acid precipitation is very severe in the FXZ forested watershed. A proposed model that quantitatively describes weathering and soil formation rates is a combined product of rainfall amount and air temperature resulting from multiple regressions, which
improves the prediction from simple linear regression.
Atypical soil carbon distribution across a tropical steepland forest catena
Carbon ; Catena ; Forest ; Geochemistry ; Litter ; Model ; Nitrogen ; Organic materials ; Puerto Rico ; Slope gradient ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Spatial distribution ; Tropical zone ; Vegetation
Soil organic carbon (SOC) in a humid subtropical forest in Puerto Rico is higher at ridge locations compared to valleys, and therefore opposite to what is commonly observed in other forested hillslope catenas. To better understand the spatial
investigated with multiple linear regression models using iron, aluminum and clay variables.
The relationship between pedogenic and geomorphic processes in mountainous tropical forested area in Sierra Madre del Sur, Mexico
developed (Luvic Phaerozems) and underdeveloped soils (Fluvic and Skeletic Phaerozems) were detected in the study area. The peculiarity of the slopes and spatial distribution of soils in the studied toposequences were ascribed to intensive linear erosion
Cartography ; Drainage network ; Forest ; Great Poland ; Human impact ; Oder ; Poland ; Records ; Watershed
, 1940 and 2000. The lengths of linear anthropogenic forms were also compared on the basis of the same data. Surface elements that have been digitized from the cartographic materials are lakes and forests. In turn, the linear elements taken under
Patterns and controls of hurricane-caused forest damage : a landscape-scale analysis of treefall direction following Hurricane Katrina
Aerial photography ; Atmospheric circulation ; Damage ; Forest ; Hurricane ; Mississippi ; Model ; Natural hazards ; Spatial analysis ; United States of America
. Analyses using directional statistics, measures of local spatial autocorrelation, and general linear modeling indicated that treefall was significantly directional for nearly all locations and constrained primarily by mesoscale surface wind directions
(topography, soils), biotic conditions (land cover, forest attributes), and generalized, but readily available, estimates of surface wind flow patterns.
Effect of ground cover on splash and sheetwash erosion over a steep forested hillslope : a plot-scale study
Experiment plot ; Forest ; Honshu ; Japan ; Plant canopy ; Rill wash ; Sediment transport ; Slope ; Soil erosion ; Splash ; Water erosion
The contributions and relationships of erosion by splash and overland flow over a steep slope in a Japanese beech forest in plots with different percentages of ground cover were examined. Three erosion plots with average understory coverage of 1
to variation in ground cover and soil surface wetness condition which led to a variation of detachment and non-linear relationship of sheetwash splash.
The AA. consider the role played by forest struggles and forest intellectuals in the rewriting of India's forest policies. They also evaluate the utility of a moral economy framework in guiding joint forest management policies. They draw on village
-level fieldwork to highlight the value of an approach to the management of Degraded Protected Forests that offer a key role to active and informed forest citizens.
Altitude ; Altitudinal zonation of vegetation ; Biogeography ; Continentality ; Forest ; Latitude ; Linear regression ; Model ; Northern hemisphere ; Spatial distribution ; Temperature ; Tree line ; World
This paper collects 516 data sites of timberline, and takes latitude, continentality and mass elevation effect (MEE) as independent variables and timberline elevation as dependent variable to develop a ternary linear regression model. Continentality
Australia ; Comparative study ; Election ; Electoral district ; Electoral geography ; Linear regression ; New South Wales ; Political geography ; United Kingdom
Comparative ecological analyses of the species diversity of old tropical rain forest ecosystems show that their biocenoses are the more likely to have both low fluctuations and low resilience the more homogeneous the environment in space and time
combining the evolutionary trends of species diversity, pedogenic nutrient supply, system stability and resilience in a non-linear time scale.