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Heterogeneity in the determinants of local self-employment growth by gender, age and selected industry
  • Heterogeneity in the determinants of local self-employment growth by gender, age and selected industry
  • Employment ; Entrepreneurship ; Gender ; Industrial sector ; Industrial structure ; Industry ; Producer services ; Regional disparities ; Self-employment ; United States of America
  • This study explores the determinants of self-employment growth across US regions and by gender, age group and industry. It finds that self-employment growth was faster for women than for men; that growth in the 45–64-year age group outpaced growth
  • in the age 20–44-year group; and that growth was much faster in professional and business services than in healthcare. The regression results suggest that there is significant heterogeneity in the impact of regional characteristics on self-employment growth
  • 2014
Discovering the regional small world of labour mobility. Evidence from linked employer–employee data
  • Discovering the regional small world of labour mobility. Evidence from linked employer–employee data
  • Connectivity ; Employment ; Hub ; Italy ; Labour market ; Labour mobility ; Network ; Veneto
  • This paper investigates the structure of inter-firm worker mobility in Veneto, an industrial region of Northern Italy by using complex network analysis applied to linked employer–employee data. The empirical network reveals a small-world pattern
  • 2014
Gratitude and hospitality : Tamil refugee employment in London and the conditional nature of integration
  • Gratitude and hospitality : Tamil refugee employment in London and the conditional nature of integration
  • Destination country ; Education ; Employment ; England ; Hospitality ; International migration ; London ; Professional qualification ; Refugees ; Social geography ; Social integration ; United Kingdom
  • This article examines gratitude and hospitality through Tamil refugee employment in London and the conditional nature of integration. It is possible to analyse employment as both an opportunity to give back, and something for which to be grateful
  • . However, gratitude may not necessarily be felt towards the host society. If employment is found through the ethnic community, gratitude is likely to be concentrated there, rather than in the wider society. For the refugee participants in this research
  • 2014
Connectivity, employment, and specialization of business services in U.S. cities
  • Connectivity, employment, and specialization of business services in U.S. cities
  • Connectivity ; Economic activity ; Economic sector ; Employment ; Impact ; Producer services ; Specialization ; United States of America ; Urban economy
  • This article explores the conceptual and empirical relationships among connectivity, employment, and specialization in advanced business services (ABS) in major cities in the United States. Correlation and regression analysis produces three chief
  • empirical conclusions: First, the distribution of employment predicts and explains the level of connectivity; second, specialization does not predict connectivity; and, closer examination shows that these results vary by sector, which might relate
  • 2014
Individual motives for choosing self-employment in the UK : does region matter?
  • Individual motives for choosing self-employment in the UK : does region matter?
  • Employment ; Industrial sector ; Industrial structure ; Motivation ; Northern Ireland ; Regional disparities ; Regional economy ; Regional policy ; Self-employment ; Unemployment ; United Kingdom
  • This paper investigates UK data for 1999–2001 on the reported motives for choosing self-employment. After controlling for individual characteristics and industrial structure, some regional differences persist. These are largely for men
  • 2014
Cities, tasks, and skills
  • Cluster ; Connectivity ; Economic activity ; Employment ; Employment structure ; Industrial structure ; Profession ; Professional qualification ; United States of America ; Urban economy
  • This research applies a task-based approach to measure and interpret changes in the employment structure of the 168 largest U.S. cities in the period 1990–2009. As a result of technological change some tasks can be placed at distance, while others
  • require proximity. It constructs a measure of task connectivity to investigate which tasks are more likely to require proximity relative to others. The results suggest that cities with higher shares of connected tasks experienced higher employment growth
  • 2014
The effects of industrial clusters on the poverty rate
  • County ; Employment ; Household ; Industrial cluster ; Industrial sector ; Industry ; Poverty ; Social geography ; United States of America
  • is associated with lower poverty rates. Moreover, regions with a higher share of employment in clusters, and with that employment dispersed across many industries within the same cluster, fare even better than those where employment is concentrated in a single
  • 2014
The creative industries and urban economic growth in the UK
  • Creative class ; Creative industry ; Economic growth ; Economic sector ; Employment ; Industry ; Manpower ; Professional qualification ; United Kingdom ; Urban economy ; Wage
  • This paper tests the link between the creative industries and wage and employment growth in a panel of travel-to-work areas from 2003 to 2008. The results suggest the creative industries drive both wage and employment growth in other sectors
  • . However, when only urban areas are considered the creative industries drive wage growth but do not increase employment. These findings are consistent with the idea that the creative industries help other sectors grow, but may squeeze out declining
  • 2014
Cultural diversity and local labour markets
  • Cultural studies ; Domestic worker ; Employment ; Foreign worker ; Germany ; Labour market ; Productivity ; Professional qualification ; Wage
  • This paper investigates the effects of this diversity for native employees at the local level, in Ger-many.The higher is high-skilled foreign employment, the higher are local wages and employment levels for natives. These effects are reinforced
  • 2014
Mapping the 'space of flows’ : the geography of global business telecommunications and employment specialization in the London Mega-City-Region
  • Mapping the 'space of flows’ : the geography of global business telecommunications and employment specialization in the London Mega-City-Region
  • Communication ; Economic sector ; Employment ; England ; Location ; London ; Telecommunications ; Thematic mapping ; United Kingdom
  • . This article combines detailed employment and telecoms usage data for the South-east of England to build a sector-by-sector profile of globalization at the mega-city-region scale. The intersection of these two datasets allows a new empirical perspective
  • 2014
Gender, social network geographies, and low-wage employment among recent Mexican immigrants in Los Angeles
  • Gender, social network geographies, and low-wage employment among recent Mexican immigrants in Los Angeles
  • California ; Employment ; Gender ; Immigrants ; Labour market ; Los Angeles ; Residential segregation ; Social geography ; Social segregation ; United States of America
  • and their impacts on the employment of recent Mexican immigrants to Los Angeles. After describing the institutional landscape of the regional labor market that new entrants must navigate to find work, it turns to unique and detailed data from a randomized household
  • that local social networks operate differently for men and women and tend to reinforce differences in mobility and employment.
  • 2014
Does deindustrialisation cause social polarisation in global cities?
  • Deindustrialization ; Economic restructuring ; Economic sector ; Employment ; Gauteng ; Industry ; Johannesburg ; Manpower ; Professional qualification ; Service ; Social polarization ; South Africa
  • restructuring and the changing occupational structure. The results suggest that changes in the overall occupational structure were caused by changes within each economic sector rather than by the growth of service sector employment and the decline
  • of manufacturingsector employment.
  • 2014
Working culture : the agency and employment experiences of nonunionized workers in the surfboard industry
  • Working culture : the agency and employment experiences of nonunionized workers in the surfboard industry
  • Australia ; California ; Employment ; Hawaii ; Industry ; Seasonal work ; Standardization ; United States of America
  • 2014
Employment, transport infrastructure, and rural depopulation : a new spatial equilibrium model
  • Employment, transport infrastructure, and rural depopulation : a new spatial equilibrium model
  • Core-periphery ; Depopulation ; Distance from city centre ; Employment ; Infrastructure ; Investment ; Labour market ; Rural area ; Transport
  • 2014
The regional dimension of collective wage bargaining : the case of Belgium
  • Belgium ; Employment ; Firm ; Flanders ; Labour market ; Productivity ; Regional analysis ; Regional disparities ; Wage ; Wallonie
  • This paper investigates the role of the collective bargaining structure in the relationship between regional wage and productivity differentials. Using a Belgian-linked employer–employee dataset, it is found that the more an industry
  • 2014
Does poor neighbourhood reputation create a neighbourhood effect on employment ? The results of a field experiment in the UK
  • Does poor neighbourhood reputation create a neighbourhood effect on employment ? The results of a field experiment in the UK
  • Employment ; Enquiry ; Job search ; Labour market ; Neighbourhood ; Residential environment ; Social discrimination ; Test ; United Kingdom
  • 2014
Transit service, physical agglomeration and productivity in US metropolitan areas
  • Employment ; Firm ; Household ; Metropolitan area ; Productivity ; Railway network ; Transport network ; United States of America ; Urban intensification ; Urban transport ; Wage
  • This paper traces the links from transit service to central city employment density, urbanised area employment density and population; and from these physical agglomeration measures to average wages and per capita Gross Metropolitan Product
  • 2014
An analysis of labour market outcomes in the European Union objective One Funding Area in Great Britain
  • Employment ; European Union ; Financing ; Labour market ; Professional training ; Regional disparities ; United Kingdom
  • This paper examines the short-run impact of European Union Objective One funding on local labour markets in Great Britain. The evidence from a difference-in-difference analysis reveals that employment and job-related training gaps between
  • the Objective One and non-Objective One area narrowed during the funding period. However, there is substantial variation across the four funding areas: Objective One status had a positive effect on employment in South Yorkshire and on job-related training
  • 2014
Reasons for returning and not returning to rural U.S. communities
  • Decision ; Employment ; Family ; Household ; Internal migration ; Motivation ; Return migration ; Rural parish ; Social geography ; United States of America
  • . It shows that limited rural employment opportunities are barriers for nonreturnees. While others intent on returning find ways to secure or create employment but are primarily influenced to move home by family concerns. Connections to the larger social
  • 2014
Geographical mobility and potential wage gain of immigrants within Spain
  • Decision ; Economic activity ; Economic sector ; Employability ; Employment ; Foreign worker ; Internal migration ; Mobility ; Spain ; Wage
  • 2014