Actividadsolar ; Cambio climático ; Cambio global ; Ciclogénesis ; Edad Media ; Geografía humana ; Interaccíon océano-atmósfera ; Recalentamiento climático ; Situación de incertitud ; Teoría
Climatic change ; Climatic warming ; Cyclogenesis ; Global change ; Human geography ; Middle Ages ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Solar activity ; Theory ; Uncertainty
: the debate of the medieval warm period and the “hockey stick curve”, the solar activity and the role of the ocean cycles, which might be a significant topic in the future debates. - (AM)
The relationship between sunshine duration and structure of global solar radiation
Poland ; Radiation ; Solar radiation
The ratio of actual to maximal sunshine duration was used for estimation of the share of diffused solar radiation in global solar radiation. The relationship between sunshine duration and structure of global solar radiation was examined for 3 sites
This review evaluates some recently published palaeoenvironmental (proxy climate) evidence for solar forcing of Holocene climate change. These findings are then set in the context of recent advances elsewhere in palaeoenvironmental research
Actividad volcánica ; Antigüedad ; Cambio climático ; Climatología ; Irlanda ; Ola de frío ; Oscilación climatíca ; Siglo 21
This paper assesses the long historical climatological record of cold spells in Ireland stretching back to the 1st millennium BC. Over this time period cold spells in Ireland can be linked to solar output variations and volcanic activity both
Actividadsolar ; Cáucaso ; Dendrocronología ; Dendrología ; Espacio-tiempo ; Geofísica ; Geosistema ; Interacción tierra-atmósfera ; Medio natural ; Meteorología ; Paisaje ; Productividad ; Rusia de Asia ; Rusia de Europa ; Sibérie occidental
Asian part of Russia ; Caucasus ; Dendrochronology ; Dendrology ; European part of Russia ; Geophysics ; Geosystem ; Land atmosphere interaction ; Landscape ; Landscape unit ; Meteorology ; Natural environment ; Productivity ; Solar activity ; Space
Application of artificial neural networks in climatology: a case study of sunspot prediction and solar climate trends
Climatic variation ; Climatology ; Forecast ; Global change ; Methodology ; Radiation ; Solar activity
Global temperature trends on time scales of years to centuries have recently been shown to be related to volcanic aerosols, carbon dioxide levels, and solar activity. The most visible and well-studied indicators of solar variability are dark areas
or sunspots on the surface of the Sun, with sunspot numbers directly related to the level of solar activity. In this paper the AA. show some preliminary findings in using feedforward neural networks for the prediction of peak sunspot cycle amplitude
The Soviet Union has thus far not been among the leading countries in solar energy research because of the high costs involved, the country's northern location and its seemingly ample fossil fuel reserves. In recent years, however, as future
supplies of Soviet oil have become more uncertain, interest in solar energy has accelerated. Research centers are concentrated in the south, especially in the Crimea, Armenia and Central Asia. Work focuses mainly on practical applications, such as solar
stills and ovens, water pumps, cooling systems, and space heating, as well as basic studies on more complex technologies such as photovoltaics, solar furnaces, and large central power stations.
Solar activity and climate in Climatic variations and variability: facts and theories.
Solar activity cannot be disregarded as a possible external cause of the Little Ice Age and the 20th century climatic warming. Climatic responses to the 11-and 22-year solar cycles, although relatively weak are in evidence. Further (case-) studies
of short-term influences of solar activity on the atmosphere may reveal the physical nature of these statistical sun climate relationships. Suggested mechanisms have not been tested quantitatively in numerical models of the atmosphere, with the exception
Changes in solar constant over an 11 yr cycle suggest a certain, but limited, degree of solar forcing of climate. The high-resolution climate (oxygen isotope) record of the Greenland GISP2 (Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2) ice core has been analyzed
for solar (and volcanic) influences. The atmospheric C 14 record is used as a proxy of solar change and compared to the oxygen isotope profile in the GISP2 ice core. Solar forcing during the surprisingly strong 1470 yr climate cycle of the 11,000-75,000 yr
Mean monthly values of the share of diffused solar radiation in global solar radiation were calculated for 44 stations in Poland. Calculations were carried out according to the authors's empirical formula, in which the ratio of diffused to global
solar radiation is presented as a function of sunshine duration. The geographical distribution of the share of diffused radiation in the global one shows a discinct seasonal variation. - (DG)
NUMERO CONSACRE A CE THEME. ON LIRA EN PARTICULIER: L'ENERGIE SOLAIRE, MYTHE? OU REALITE DE DEMAIN. SOLAR ENERGY: MYTH? OR TOMORROW SALVATION, PP. 3-27| J. M. ET G. ALEXANDROFF ET AL. L'ENERGIE SOLAIRE AU SERVICE DE L'AGRICULTURE: POMPAGE DE L'EAU
EN ZONES ARIDES. SOLAR ENERGY IN THE SERVICE OF AGRICULTURE: PUMPING OF WATER IN ARID REGIONS, PP. 34-50. (MG).