The interaction of plankton and suspended sediment in fjords in Sedimentology of fjords.
Trace metals, organics and nutrients that are adsorbed onto suspended particles affect the supply of these materials to phytoplankton and zooplankton. Fecal pellets are important in fjords, an aqueous environment that is dominated by the vertical
flux of suspended sediments. Pelletization also allows the transport of undigested food to greater depths providing an important source of organic material to benthic sediments and food to deep-water organisms.
Suspended sediment outflow from the Cachi reservoir during the flushing in 1990
Applied hydrology ; Catchment area;Watershed ; Costa Rica ; Dam ; Hydraulic works ; Suspended load ; Turbidity
A method is presented to estimate the deposition of suspendedmaterial in reservoirs. Morphology of the reservoir, flow conditions including the occurrence of turbidity currents, duration of water discharges, suspended sediment inflow and grain size
Generation, transport and deposition of suspended and dissolved material. Examples from Swedish rivers
of data have been used in the analyses : 1) a study in small plots and basins in the Verkaa research basin, about 35 km north of Stockholm, and 2) the nationwide network for the measurement of transport of sediment and dissolved material.
Sediment and suspended particle interactions during low water flow in a small heterogeneous catchment
Carrying capacity ; Germany ; Grain size distribution ; Low water ; Rhineland-Palatinate ; Runoff ; Sediment transport ; Summer ; Suspended load ; Tracer ; Watershed
of suspended solids, bed sediments and riverbank material samples. Colour is used as a qualitative and quantitative feature, both describing suspended particles and identifying their sources.
The particle transport in a small heterogeneous catchment is investigated during a dry weather period. Suspended particle sources are identified by comparing important hydrological parameters with the colours and particle size distributions
Process-based model of grain lifting from river bed to estimate suspended-sediment concentration in a small headwater basin
Grain size distribution ; Hokkaido ; Japan ; Meltwater ; Model ; Pic discharge ; River bed ; Sand ; Suspended load ; Watershed
Suspended sediment is supplied from river bed sediment in Hiyamizusawa Brook, Hokkaido, Japan, during the snowmelt season. The stirring up of fine grains from the river bed is an important control of the time variation of suspended-sediment flux
. A model previously used to explain the stirring up of fine grains within a cobble and pebble bed is applied to a sand bed, with a modification . Consequently, the amount of fine material stirred up from the river bed is estimated from the grain size
distribution of river bed sediment, and the suspended flux is thus calculated. The results were equivalent to the field data.
Differences between the source contribution of bed material and suspended sediments in a mountainous agricultural catchment of western Iran
Bank erosion ; Cultivated land ; Flood ; Iran ; Land use ; Lorestan ; Model ; Mountain ; Sediment load ; Sedimentology ; Semi-arid area ; Soil erosion ; Suspended load ; Trace-element ; Watershed
To investigate the spatial provenance of suspended and bed material sediments in the Taleghani catchment, Lorestan province, western Iran, 11 geochemical tracers were used to distinguish sediment sources. In total, 44 source samples were collected
from the surface soil of 3 land use sources and the sub-soil of channel banks together with 8 suspended samples in different flood events, and 11 bed material samples from different river stream sites were also collected. The Collins and Hughes mixing
models) were applied to compute the contribution of different sources to both river bed and suspended sediments. Findings reveal the importance of channel bank source. It is highlighted that Hughes mixing model showed a more accurate results
Suspended sediment load in the turbidity maximum zone at the Yangtze River Estuary : The trends and causes
China ; Estuary ; Hydrology ; Sediment budget ; Sediment transport ; Suspended load ; Turbidity ; Yangtze
Based on the analysis of suspended sediment elements at estuaries, influence of human activities and estuarine regulation projects on the turbidity maximum zone was studied according to the measurement data between 1959 and 2011. It was found
that human activities had little effect on the seaward water while the sharp decrease of sediment volume and concentration in runoff led to the sharp decrease of turbidity maximum zone in the estuary. The suspended sediment concentration in North Passage
was low in upstream and downstream because of the decrease of seaward sediment and coarsening of bed material, while it was relatively high in the middle due to the influence of sediment cross the north jetty.
This paper presents a comparison of different fractional bed-material load computation methods in sand-bed channels. These methods include the direct computation by size fraction approach of Einstein, Laursen and Toffaleti; the bed material fraction
The conventional fingerprinting technique, where characteristics of suspended particles are compared with those of reference material from potential sources leads to serious problems if many sources have to be considered. If the characteristics
of suspendedmaterial are altered during transport it is necessary to determine the flow paths of the water during storm runoff and to analyse substances during transport. Together with longitudinal profiles during flood events in small basins the nature
Sources of suspended and deposited sediment in a Broadland river
Increasing rates of bank erosion and sediment deposition have been reported from the Norfolk Broads since the early 19th century. The major sources of both suspended and deposited sediment in the rivers and Broads is quantified using sediment
the sources of inorganic sediment have changed over time. Whilst in the past upland catchment sources dominated, at present material is mainly derived from river bank material.
Evaluating bed-material transport equations using field measurements in a sandy gravel-bed stream, Arbúcies River, NE Spain
variability of bedload rates as well as of suspended concentrations. Bed-material discharges were used to test 5 bedload and bed-material formulae. The degree of agreement between observed and predicted values varies greatly.
Bed-material load under a wide range of hydraulic conditions was sampled in a poorly sorted, sandy, gravel-bed river (Arbúcies, NE Spain) during 1991 and 1992. The Arbúcies data showed a marked scatter of bed-material discharges, reflecting the high
This study describes the spatial distribution of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the North Sea-Baltic Sea transition in autumn 2002 based on cruises in August, September, and October. The cruises comprised CTD and optical backscatter
Arid area ; Geomorphology ; Israel ; Negev ; Sediment budget ; Sediment load ; Suspended load ; Watershed
that the original budget overestimated suspended sediment output by a factor of 4 and underestimated bed material output by a factor of 2. This paper emphasizes the difficulty of obtaining reliable estimates of sediment input to and output from a channel reach
All available data on suspended sediment concentration and sediment discharge for Central Asian rivers have been used to estimate the small grained sediment discharge from glaciated areas. Glacial streams discharge the bulk of suspendedmaterial
Geochronology ; Grain size distribution ; Holocene ; Model ; Palaeohydrology ; Quaternary ; Runoff ; Sedimentology ; Suspended load ; Sweden ; Varves
The article presents a simple sediment deposition model, based on current knowledge of the processes of transport and deposition of suspendedmaterial. It indicates possibilities of interpreting flow conditions from grain-size distributions at 2
-clockwise hysteresis loop resulting from the abundant material and the influence of hyperconcentrated flows on suspended sediment concentration. At monthly and seasonal scales, there is a store-release process, i.e. sediment is prepared in winter, spring
Using a dataset up to 8 years long in the Lower Chabagou Creek, the variability in suspended sediment load at different temporal scales (within-flood variability, monthly-seasonal and annual) is analyzed in this paper. The results show
the suspended load is transported during these events.