Les A. discutent l'application des fonctions de transmissivité et de capacité de stockage non linéaires dans un modèle digital des eaux souterraines d'un aquifère de dolomie fissurée (Ndola en Zambie). Ils signalent également la possibilité de
simuler les valeurs déficitaires de l'eau dans le sol et par conséquent celles de l'évapotranspiration. (RF).
Spaces of surveillant simulation : new technologies, digital representations, and material geographies
Pratique sociale ; Service ; Simulation ; Système d'information géographique ; Système de surveillance ; Technologie ; Télématique
Geographical information system ; Service ; Simulation ; Social practice ; Surveillance system ; Technology ; Telematics
L'A. explore les mutations technologiques qui supportent une simulation de surveillance et se demande comment les relations entre surveillance, simulation et géographies matérielles ont été évoquées dans les récentes discussions sur la société
Catastrophe ; Concept ; Earthquake ; Geographical information system ; Numerical model ; Research technique ; Simulation ; United States of America ; Urban area
This paper first briefly introduces the concept of Digital Earth. Then in the context of Digital Earth, the origin, concept and application of Virtual Reality technology are reviewed. Then, the AA. present in detail their preliminary case study, CVR
-USD (Computer Virtual Reality for Urban Seismic Disaster Simulation) system which aims to simulate and manage seismic disaster through integrating RS, GIS and VR technologies. They discuss the application of Virtual Reality in urban seismic disaster
The production of digital elevation models for experimental model landscapes
Comparative study ; Digital elevation model ; Experimentation ; Geomorphology ; Model ; Photogrammetry ; Rainfall simulation ; Soil erosion ; Watershed
Bassin-versant ; Erosion des sols ; Etude comparée ; Expérimentation ; Géomorphologie ; Modèle ; Modèle numérique de terrain ; Photogrammétrie ; Simulation de pluie
Automated digital photogrammetry was used to produce digital elevation models of experimental model landscapes under controlled laboratory conditions as part of a series of rainfall erosion experiments looking at the evolution of landforms
in response to erosion. The method allowed the elevations of the experimental landscapes to be studied in great detail on a regular grid digital terrain map. Digital photogrammetry produced elevation data at a resolution of 6 mm with a standard deviation
Imitacionnye modeli razvitija rel'efa : analiz, rekonstrukcija, prognoz Simulation de l'évolution du relief : analyse, reconstitution, prévision
Evolution du relief ; Géographie physique ; Géomorphogenèse ; Modèle numérique ; Simulation ; Technique de recherche
The digital model of erosional topography takes into account changes of tectonic movements in space and time, changes of humidity and lithology within the area which is set up by digital matrix of elevations. Experiments with the model on a computer
Laboratory experiment and digitalsimulation of multiple fill-cut terrace formation
The formation mechanism of multiple erosional terraces which develop in the dissection process of sedimentary valley fills was investigated by laboratory experiments and computer simulations. Sequences of unpaired terraces were produced
Digitale Simulation der Stromungsoorgänge in der Aerationszone. Stand und Entwicklungstendenzen in der DDR. (Simulation numérique des processus d'écoulement dans la zone d'aération du sol. Etat de la recherche et perspectives en RDA)
Allemagne de l'Est ; Eau du sol ; Ecoulement ; Ecoulement subsuperficiel ; Géographie physique ; Hydrologie mathématique ; Hydrologie paramétrique ; Hydrologie stochastique ; Recherche ; Simulation ; Sol ; Système
zone of aeration is very important for hydrology and agriculture. Based on general concept of modelling, the digitalsimulation models for unsaturated flow processes are presented. According to their importance two special chapters are devoted to models
Within the hydrological cycle the unsaturated part of the soil matrix represents the most important transformation link of precipitation into overland flow, interflow and groundwater flow. Therefore, the simulation of flow processes in the system
of signals and parameters. Finally, the further development in simulation of flow processes in the zone of aeration is discussed including both detailed physically based and black-box models and their coupling with models of quality.
Problèmes d'interprétation des microstructures dans les roches critallines. Un modèle de simulationdigital est décrit: une roche peut être modélisée en spécifiant sa taille, sa forme| la distribution de l'orientation de ses particules est étudiée
Agropedology ; Digital elevation model ; Model ; Roughness ; Runoff ; Simulation ; Soil erosion ; Soil properties
Agropédologie ; Ecoulement ; Erosion des sols ; Modèle ; Modèle numérique de terrain ; Propriétés du sol ; Rugosité ; Simulation
, but these MDS estimations have a high uncertainty. The most reliable way of estimating MDS is by simulating the filling of a digital elevation model (DEM) of the soil surface using an algorithm. The aim of this study was to produce 3D DEMs with correct storage
characteristics, using a simulation model that uses common 2D field elevation measurements as input.
Air temperature ; China ; Digital elevation model ; Model ; Mountain ; Radiation ; Shaanxi ; Simulation ; Slope gradient ; Temperature
Chine ; Modèle ; Modèle numérique de terrain ; Montagne ; Pente de versant ; Radiation ; Shaanxi ; Simulation ; Température ; Température de l'air
Based on DEMs of 25m resolution, a reversed model is constructed, with which temperature is simulated to the corresponding slope unit from the solar radiation. Taking Yaoxian county as a test area, and mean monthly temperature data as basic
information sources, which are collected from 15 weather stations from the year of 1970 to 2000, a simulation for the solar radiation cel by cell is completed. By simulating solar radiation at each slope and flat cell unit, the terrain revised temperature
model could be realized. The accuracy of simulated temperature in mountainous area is higher than it is in flat area.
Simulation on slope uncertainty derived from DEMs at different resolution levels : a case study in the Loess Plateau
China ; Digital elevation model ; Land use ; Loess ; Mathematical model ; Plateau ; Roughness ; Shaanxi ; Simulation ; Slope gradient ; Spatial analysis
Analyse spatiale ; Chine ; Loess ; Modèle mathématique ; Modèle numérique de terrain ; Pente de versant ; Plateau ; Rugosité ; Shaanxi ; Simulation ; Utilisation du sol
A comparative and math-simulation methodology is employed in this research to investigate the impact of resolution and terrain roughness on the accuracy of mean slope derived from grid DEMs. Six areas from different terrain types are taken as test
areas in this study. Aided by the experimental results from both field survey and math-simulation, an empirical model of mean slope error is constructed, which can effectively reveal the mean slope error impacted from DEM resolution and terrain
Monitoring changes in giant kelp distribution using digital remote sensor data in Macrophytes marins.
Grâce à la comparaison de données MSS de Landsat 1, TM de Landsat 4 et d'une simulation TM, montre que certaines zones de la côte californienne n'ont pas été recolonisées. Le proche infrarouge de TM procure l'information la plus utile sur les algues
The erodibility is an important component of soil erosion models. Three soil surfaces were modified using rainfall simulation and wind tunnel abrasion experiments. Observations of those changes were made and recorded using digital images
Abruzzi ; Carte pédologique ; Géostatistiques ; Italie ; LANDSAT ; Modèle numérique de terrain ; Propriétés du sol ; Simulation ; Sol ; Taxonomie ; Télédétection ; Variation spatiale
, auxiliary information from a Digital Terrain Model and Landsat images, were compared with the soil subsystem map 1:250,000, realized by ARSSA. The comparison indicated that the simulated distribution of the soil classes is consistent with the pedological map
distribution and terrain attributes – slope, incoming solar radiation, NDVI, TWI, etc. – were established, and the most significant were used in a multinomial logistic regression to generate simulated maps. These maps, derived from a set of measured point data
This study simulated the net primary productivity (NPP) of China's ecosystems based on the dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS) with data on climate, soil, and topography. The applicability of IBIS in the NPP
simulation of China's terrestrial ecosystems was verified first. Comparison with other relevant studies indicates that the range and mean value of simulations are generally within the limits of observations; the overall pattern and total annual NPP are close
to the simulations conducted with other models. The simulations are also close to the NPP estimations based on remote sensing. The AA. then simulated NPP with climate change data from 1961 to 2005, when warming was particularly striking. The results highlighted
[b1] Inst. of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, CAS, Beijing, Chine
Un modèle digital bidimensionnel de mécanique des fluides a été adapté à la modélisation des parcours d'avalanches. Il permet de distinguer les effets de la géométrie du couloir de ceux des facteurs d'écoulement, tels que frottement et rugosité. Le
programme permet une simulation précise de l'écoulement des avalanches. Problèmes des conditions initiales et des valeurs paramétriques nécessaires au calage du modèle, dans les conditions les plus variées.
was done using an artificial digital elevation model (DEM) and a demonstration of the ability for fluvial simulation was performed for a real landscape (Torrealvilla catchment in the Guadalentín Basin, Murcia Province, southeast Spain).
to simulate sediment dynamics for coupled hillslope-river systems without adding new process equations. The model should be able to reproduce alternating aggradation and incision in the floodplains of catchments, depending on simulated conditions. Testing