This study is an attempt to use closely related inter-complementary paleo-archives of a local landscape to access understanding of Late Pleistocene–Holocene environmental changes in the region. The study site is a small intermountain basin
in the Sayan-Tuva Upland. Paleo-archives covering about 13 000 yrs were studied : paleosol-sedimentary sequences on a delta-alluvial fan of a small river, lacustrine sediments in bottom cores and on palsa-islands and soils of palsa-islands. Continental