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The effects of heavy winter rains and rare summer rains on biological soil crusts in the Negev Desert
  • The effects of heavy winter rains and rare summer rains on biological soil crusts in the Negev Desert
  • Arid area ; Biogenic process ; Desert ; Dune ; Duricrust ; Israel ; Negev ; Precipitation ; Sand ; Summer ; Winter
  • Biological soil crusts (BSCs) abound in the Hallamish dune field in the western Negev Desert, Israel. The aim of this paper is to examine crust responses to winter and summer rains, focusing particularly on its biomass components, chlorophyll
  • and carbohydrate. In addition, species composition, during summer and winter was examined. Analysis took place during an exceptionally wet winter (1994/95 with 172 mm) and a summer rainstorm (12.5.93 with 9.7 mm). It is shown that : chlorophyll and carbohydrates
  • of the BSCs increase 2–3-fold following winter rains; much higher species composition was monitored at the BSC during the winter; summer rain substantially deceased the chlorophyll content of the crusts; summer rains may alter species composition and biomass
  • 2012
Characterizing the north pacific jet stream for understanding historical variability in western United States winter precipitation
  • Characterizing the north pacific jet stream for understanding historical variability in western United States winter precipitation
  • Atmospheric circulation ; Climate oscillation ; Climatic variability ; ENSO ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Precipitation ; Teleconnection ; United States of America ; Weather type ; Western United States ; Winter
  • The AA. examined historical winter-season relationships among precipitation across the western United States, the northern Pacific jet stream (NPJ) across the northern Pacific Ocean basin, and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon
  • to determine if the NPJ significantly adds to the existing ENSO-based understanding of inter-annual variability in precipitation. The results indicate that the NPJ is significantly related to winter precipitation across a much larger area of the western United
  • 2012
Long-term variability of occurrence of precipitation forms in winter in Kraków, Poland
  • Long-term variability of occurrence of precipitation forms in winter in Kraków, Poland
  • Climatic trend ; Cracow ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Poland ; Precipitation ; Rainfall ; Snow ; Temperature ; Time series ; Winter
  • 2012
Estimation of winter precipitation in a high-altitude catchment of the Eastern Italian Alps: validation by means of glacier mass balance observations
  • Estimation of winter precipitation in a high-altitude catchment of the Eastern Italian Alps: validation by means of glacier mass balance observations
  • Altitude ; Estimation ; Glacier ; Interannual variability ; Italy ; Mountain ; Precipitation ; Watershed ; Winter
  • This work analyses the estimation of winter season (October 1 to May 31) precipitation over a high altitude catchment (Val di Peio) of the Eastern Italian Alps. The extrapolation of precipitation over un-gauged areas is problematic in this basin due
  • 2012
Origin and flow dynamics of perennial groundwater in continuous permafrost terrain using isotopes and noble gases : case study of the Fishing Branch River, Northern Yukon, Canada
  • Perennially flowing groundwater discharges along a 15-km section of the Fishing Branch River, Yukon causing open water during winter and numerous discrete springs near Bear Cave Mountain. Groundwater flow occurs in karstified marine carbonate rocks
  • discharge was measured during spring and summer under different water-level conditions. Winter baseflow was calculated based on summer discharge measurements and the width of the river channel in winter. Although river flow decreases in winter, groundwater
  • 2012
Autumn and Extended Winter Daily Precipitation Variability over Central and Southern Scotland
  • Autumn and Extended Winter Daily Precipitation Variability over Central and Southern Scotland
  • analysis ; rainfall ; winter
  • This paper analyses the main geographic patterns of rainfall variability over Central and Southern Scotland at the daily timescale during the autumn and extended winter (SONDJFM) period. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to identify
  • 2012
Wpŀyw Oscylacji Północnoatlantyckiej (NAO) na międzydobowe zmiany ciśnienia atmosferycznego w Polsce
  • Atmosphere ; Atmospheric pressure ; Climate oscillation ; Climatic variability ; North Atlantic oscillation ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Poland ; Regression analysis ; Space time ; Weather type ; Winter
  • Day-to-day changes in atmospheric pressure exceeding 8 hPa are a frequent phenomenon in Poland, especially in winter – when they act along with other unfavourable meteorological elements to prove burdensome to the human organism. This study
  • linear regression, it proved possible to determine the statistical linkage between values for the NAO Index and day-to-day pressure changes of this magnitude, month by month and in the adopted December-March winter period. – (BJ)
  • 2012
Meteorology, topography and snowpack conditions causing two extreme mid-winter slush and wet slab avalanche periods in High Arctic Maritime Svalbard
  • Meteorology, topography and snowpack conditions causing two extreme mid-winter slush and wet slab avalanche periods in High Arctic Maritime Svalbard
  • , morphology, aspect and slope inclination of the individual avalanches, the AA. discuss the predictability of future mid-winter slush avalanche events in High Arctic maritime Svalbard. The results have important implications for improved process understanding
  • 2012
Can we get old here ? senior’s perceptions of seasonal constraints of neighbourhood built environments in a northern, winter city
  • Can we get old here ? senior’s perceptions of seasonal constraints of neighbourhood built environments in a northern, winter city
  • Alberta ; Built up area ; Canada ; Elderly people ; Mobility ; Population ageing ; Public space ; Public transport ; Social geography ; Urban area ; Winter
  • 2012
Thermal regime of a cold air trap in central Pennsylvania, USA : the Trough Creek ice mine
  • winter/early spring. A closed period of thermal stratification and slow warming of cave air was followed by an open period in winter months during which the cave was cooled by the influx of cold dry air. Unlike the occasionally strong and localised
  • 2012
Land-use impact on soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration in typical steppe ecosystems, Inner Mongolia
  • to different land-use types (free-grazing, grazing exclusion, mowing, winter grazing, and reclamation). The results provided evidence that Inner Mongolian grasslands have the capacity to sequester C and N in soil with improved management practices, which were
  • in the order : grazing exclusion > mowing > winter grazing > reclamation.
  • 2012
Sochi 2014 : Olympic Winter Games between high mountains and seaside
  • Sochi 2014 : Olympic Winter Games between high mountains and seaside
  • 2012
Long-term trends of precipitation in the North China Plain
  • seasonal and regional pattern, i.e., precipitation showed an obvious increasing trend in winter, but a decreasing trend in the rainy season (July to September), and the changing trend was more apparent in the northern part than in the southern and middle
  • parts. This implies that with global warming, seasonal variation of precipitation in NCP tends to decline with an increasing of precipitation in winter season, and a decreasing in rainy season, particularly in the sub-humid northern part.
  • 2012
Modelování akumulace a tání sněhu v povodí Bystřice v Krušných horách
  • and snowmelt computation. The published results present fundamental uncertainties in winter flood modelling and demonstrate the influence of the course and character of a given winter on the model's capabilty to simulate the snow water equivalent and runoff
  • 2012
Przydatność warunków bioklimatycznych do turystyki wypoczynkowej w Solinie (1981-1998)
  • in the years 1981-1998 were used to determine the frequency of occurrence of conditions favouring sunbathing and airbathing, as well as moderate and active forms of recreation and winter (ski-related) tourism. The periods characterised by most favourable
  • 2012
Osobennosti formirovaniâ zimnego režima ravninnyh vodohraniliŝ
  • Applied hydrology ; Climate ; Fishing industry ; Glacier flow ; Human impact ; Hydrological regime ; Lake ; Natural disturbance ; Plain ; Reservoir ; River transport ; Russia ; Winter
  • 2012
Aspects synoptiques des visibilités réduites sur l'ouest de l'Alaska
  • Alaska ; Arctic Region ; Climate ; Cold area ; Fog ; Weather type ; Winter storm
  • 2012
On the increased frequency of Mediterranean drought
  • Climatic trend ; Climatic warming ; Drought ; Impact ; Mediterranean States ; Precipitation ; Simulation ; Winter
  • 2012
Climate variability in Andalusia (southern Spain) during the period 1701-1850 based on documentary sources : evaluation and comparison with climate model simulations
  • Andalusia ; Climate ; Climate reconstruction ; Climatic variability ; Climatic variation ; Precipitation ; Spain ; Temperature ; Winter
  • 2012
Vliânie surovosti zimy na neravnomernost' formirovaniâ zimnego stoka v rečnom bassejne
  • Air temperature ; European part of Russia ; Northern Dvina River ; River regime ; Runoff ; Spatial distribution ; Watershed ; Winter
  • 2012