Wind erosion of blanket peat during a short period of surface desiccation (North Pennines, Northern England)
Aeolian features ; Climatic data ; England ; Peat ; Precipitation ; Soil erosion ; United Kingdom ; Wind erosion ; Wind speed
The aim of this research is to report the first direct measurements of dry blow process of wind erosion on bare blanket peat in an upland environment. Data presented in this paper were collected as part of a longer-term project investigating wind
Significance of wind-driven rain (wind-splash) in the erosion of blanket peat
Climatic data ; England ; Peat bog ; Precipitation ; Soil erosion ; Splash ; United Kingdom ; Water erosion ; Wind
In upland Britain, the conditions necessary for wind-splash erosion are relatively common and frequently occur in locations where blanket peat is an important land cover. A typical location is Moss Flats (North Pennines, northern England). Wind
and elucidate spatial patterns of peat erosion by wind and rain action in more detail, and to evaluate the significance of these processes on peatland geomorphology.
Regional wind fields and dunefield migration, southern Brazil
Aeolian features ; Aeolian transport ; Beach ; Brazil ; Coastal environment ; Dune ; Grain size distribution ; Local wind ; Remote sensing ; Santa Catarina ; Topography
This paper outlines an initial study examining the factors possibly responsible for a marked variation in dunefield migration trends. These factors include grain size variations, topographic effects on local winds, shoreline orientation
, and regional wind field changes. Two beaches with opposite migration trends, Joaquina on Florianopolis and Pinheira on the adjacent mainland are examined in detail.
The effect of single vegetation elements on wind speed and sediment transport in the Sahelian Zone of Burkina Faso
Arid area ; Burkina ; Sahel ; Scrub ; Sediment transport ; Soil erosion ; Tree ; Vegetation ; Wind erosion ; Wind speed
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a single tree and shrub on wind speed and sediment transport in the Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso. First an overview will be given of the effects of sparse vegetation and single vegetation
elements on wind speed and sediment transport as known from the literature. Subsequently, results of experimental work that was done in the north of Burkina Faso on the pattern of wind speed and sediment transport around single trees and shrubs
The relationsheep between El Niño and the duration and frequency of the Santa Ana winds of southern California
Atmospheric dynamics ; California ; Cyclone ; El Niño ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; United States of America ; Wind
This study examines the variability of the duration and frequency of Santa Ana winds due to El Niño over a 33-year period in the western United States. Daily weather maps and NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis were used to study large-scale upper-level
and surface circulation patterns during wind events. A Student's t-test was used to determine significant changes in the winds during March of El Niño winters. A significant decrease in the duration and frequency of wind events was found in March during El
Validating the use of Cs 137 measurements to estimate rates of soil redistribution by wind
Cultivated land ; Erosion rate ; Geochemistry ; Grain size distribution ; Isotope analysis ; Model ; Semi-arid area ; Soil erosion ; Texas ; United States of America ; Wind erosion
The AA. investigated the partitioning of Cs 137 in wind-eroded sediments and with soil surface samples sieved into contiguous ranges of particle sizes. They also compared the Cs 137 activities and stratification of several adjacent soils with known
wind erosion and deposition histories. Finally, they tested Cs-based soil loss models with measured data from sites with document histories. Good agreement between model estimations and measured data indicated that Cs 137 models developed to estimate
soil redistribution by water were also applicable to soil redistribution by wind provided that the models contained an appropriate particle size correction parameter.
Wind erodibility of soils at Fort Irwin, California (Mojave Desert), USA, before and after trampling disturbance : implications for land management
Aeolian features ; Arid area ; Biogenic process ; Biomass ; California ; Desert ; Erodibility ; Soil erosion ; Threshold ; United States of America ; Wind erosion
Recently disturbed and control (less recently disturbed) soils in the Mojave Desert were compared for their vulnerability to wind erosion, using a wind tunnel, before and after being experimentally trampled. The results indicate
that there is a threshold of biomass below which cyanobacterial crusts are not the dominant factor in soil vulnerability to wind erosion.
Aeolian features ; Aeolian transport ; Arid area ; Computing ; Desert ; Erodibility ; Mathematical model ; Wind speed
Wind Data Tabulator and Sand Rose Plotter (WDTSRP) is an interactive developed computer program accessible for estimating sand transport potential by winds in barren sandy deserts. The Fryberger (1979) formula for determining sand drift potential
(DP) was adopted to create and develop the computer program. WDTSRP is capable of working out weighting factors (WFs), frequency of wind speed occurrence (t), drift potential (DP), resultant drift potential (RDP) and directional variability of winds
distribution of the sediment. This paper presents wind tunnel results for 5 dust deposition samplers and 5 wind velocities. The catcher's effect on the grain size was apparent in all experiences.
Biogeography ; Dam ; Montana ; Nebraska ; North Dakota ; Plant colonization ; South Dakota ; Spatial distribution ; Stream ; Twentieth Century ; United States of America ; Vegetation ; Vegetation dynamics ; Water ; Watershed ; Wind ; Wyoming
control plantings in central Wyoming; and 3) to predict where saltcedar could invade next if it is not controlled at its advancing fronts. The AA. believe that the Wind/Bighorn River in central Wyoming was an early introduction location for saltcedar
in the northern Great Plains. This was followed by rapid natural dispersal northward by water and wind through the Wind/Bighorn system and into the Yellowstone and Missouri rivers in Montana.
Geographic wonders : wind cave and jewel cave. The other national treasures of the Black Hills, South Dakota
Although overshadowed by Mt. Rushmore National Memorial, which has become the place image of the Black Hills, Wind Cave National Park and Jewel Cave National Monument comprise two important national treasures set within the regional milieu
, rain, wind erosion, freezing/thawing, flowing water and bioturbation. Indeed, other than a few colonies of bats near the cave entrances, both caves are essentially devoid of life. - (IfL)
Loss of soil and PM10 from agricultural fields associated with high winds on the Columbia Plateau
Aeolian dust ; Agricultural practice ; Agropedology ; Air quality ; Cultivated land ; Dust storm ; Oregon ; Plateau ; Soil ; United States of America ; Washington State ; Wind ; Wind erosion
The AA. collected the seven kinds of natural hazard common in Hungary : floods, waterlogging, droughts, wind erosion, mass movements, earthquakes and cloudbursts. All of these were evaluated and the resulting risk was classified and mapped accross
A wind tunnel simulation of the dynamic processes involved in sand dune formation on the western coast of Hainan Island
The coastal dunes on the western coast of Hainan Island are influenced by factors such as onshore winds, sand sources, coastal slopes, rivers, and forest shelter belts. The source of the sand that supplements these dunes, particularly influences
Aeolian features ; Aeolian transport ; Air quality ; Cultivated land ; Model ; Semi-arid area ; Soil ; Soil erosion ; Suspended load ; United States of America ; Washington State ; Wind erosion
Erosion from fields managed in a conventional winter wheat-summer fallow rotation was monitored during the fallow period near Washtucna, WA, in 2003 and 2004. Loss of soil and PM10 was measured during 6 high wind events. Soil loss associated
with suspension, saltation and creep as well as PM10 emission was used to validate the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) erosion submodel. Improvements can be made in modeling efficiency by better specifying the static threshold friction velocity
Aeolian dust ; Aeolian features ; Arid area ; Impact ; Model ; Quantitative analysis ; Texas ; United States of America ; Vegetation ; Water quality ; Wind erosion
This study was undertaken to quantify dust deposition within 200 m of a source field during wind erosion events. Erosion was measured with BSNE samplers on a small field of Amarillo fine sandy loam at field at Big Spring, TX. The line source model
Aeolian features ; Arid area ; California ; Desert ; Dust ; Evaporite ; Playa ; Sedimentology ; Soil water ; United States of America ; Wind erosion
and at times are vulnerable to wind erosion and dust emission. Surface sediments at dry playas, on the other hand, are typically stable and hard and thus generally do not emit large amounts of dust when undisturbed by human activities. The emphasis
Sediment budget data from an 18-month topographic survey were analysed with data from brief experiments on wind parameters, beach moisture contents, bedforms and sand mobilization in order to monitor conditions and patterns of embryo dune
development over a flat 150-1000 m wide accreting upper beach, on the North Sea coast of France, near Calais. Net dune development over time depends on sustained strong winds and their orientation.