for external integration, continuing growth of local well-being and wealth. The arguments put forward by P. Krugman, defining the concept of competitiveness, are wrong and misleading, and cannot be accepted in a territorial regional and urban context.
The article presents methodological concepts and definitions as regards different scales, as well as their magnitudes in relation to the study and modelling of geoecosystems. The particular subject being considered is the geoecosystem
with the considerable growth in the population, as well as the noted changes in employment structure. The most important directions to the transformation in the rural economy are then characterised, with the main focus being on : the modernisation and development
The main aim of the work described here has thus been to gain an acquaintanceship with the changes in the spatial and functional structure of Poland's rural areas that accrued in the determining trends and dynamics to future changes, as well
as the possible directions of development of rural areas with particular attention being paid to the factors stimulating or holding up the development of non-agricultural socioeconomic activity. A further aim has thus been to attempt an assessment of the fuctions
). The average unemployment rate is 15% but the rate is at present very high in the north of the province, while being below average in the south. The share of unemployed people living in the countryside is 63%. As unemployed people usually have elementary
education only, this stands in the way of their obtaining new places of employment. The most important reasons for losing a job were in turn : mass redundancies (81,5% of the total), as well as problems in work and life or the salary. - (BJ)
, with the goal being to characterise the three kinds of structures and institutions that offer cultural and educational, social or other organisational services. The rarest elements of public infrastructure are those of an organisational character, as well
Data on the temperature of the air and bodies of water, as well as soil at depths 5-100 cm were collected in the vicinity of the Polish Arctowski Station on King George Island in the years 1979-1998. The temperature data for the soil surface layer
°C, with the mean annual temperature being 0.5°C. This is higher than the mean annual air temperature of -1.6°C. Temperature of the Admiralty Bay waters affect the fluctuations and change in the soil temperature of the near-shore oasis. - (BJ)
The publication presents the work of different disciplines and interdisciplinary working groups being part of the collaborative research center no. 389, internationally known as ACACIA (Arid Climate Adaptation and Cultural Innovation in Africa
and vegetational conditions as well as studies on settlement patterns, nomadic lifestyle, migration and ethnic identities. - (HPB)
The A. charts the changing characterization of India, from being virtually synonymous with Asia for centuries to being virtually excluded from the reigning conceptions of Asia. He examines how spatial imaginaries were subverted by the incorporation
The A. argues that far from being surpassed by globalization, the nation-state remains a key space for organized labour. While labour geographers have recognized the significance of new forms of work organization, they have not examined how unions
to the challenges being presented by lean and just in time production.
, and Arts and Humanities. At the close of the 20th century, well-cited geomorphology is highly multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary. The very strong English-language bias of well-cited journal articles creates a geographical bias in study site selection
, which may in turn bias geomorphic theory. Water-based research dominates well-cited papers.
Reflection of the population and the labour market stability, based on a survey in sixteen selected border microregions in whole Czechia. The most often mentioned reasons for not moving were housing, family relations, work and the feeling being here
, and the research on rural areas now being carried out by geographers in Poland. An attempt is also made to define the concept of the rural area. - (BJ)
, and the relationship between education and the rate of unemployment is also presented. Finally, a last section speaks of the possibilities of rural levels of education in this part of the country being increased. - (BJ)