Thermal differentiation of winters in the Carpathian Mountains altitudinal profile during the period 1961/62-1990/91
Advection ; Air temperature ; Altitude ; Atmospheric circulation ; Carpathian Mountains ; Cracow ; Frost ; Mountain ; Poland ; Temperature ; Urban effect ; Winter
This paper attempts an evaluation of winter thermal differentiation in the Carpathian altitudinal profile in relation to some external and internal factors of the montane climatic system. Mean monthly, mean daily and daily maximum air temperature
were taken, for 3 stations representing different altitudinal climatic zones, in the period 1961/62-1990/91. The variability of the dates of winter commencement and end, winter duration and thermal indices were analysed, as was the relation between
and then separately for the eastern and western parts. Overall precipitation totals in the Carpathians show downward trends, which are visible in summer and winter but which contrast with opposite trends in spring and summer. Agreement between the course and trend