Erosion of primary volcanic depressions in the Inner Carpathian Volcanic Chain
Volcanic geomorphology
Caldera ; Carpathian Mountains ; Cenozoic ; Central Europe ; Crater ; Drainage network ; Erosion ; Europe ; Neogene ; Pleistocene ; Volcanism
This paper, summarising and evaluating regional data of recent research, focusses on the characteristics of erosion and drainage pattern observed on the youngest to oldest volcanic depressions of the Carpathians. Eroded craters, calderas, failure
Volcanic ejecta largely contributed to landscape building also very far from volcanic areas, providing substratum for soil genesis. The AA. studied the role of pyroclastics as soil forming factor on the carbonate relieves in the Partenio Mountain
The AA. present the geological and volcanic setting of the Misti volcano which encompasses 2 edifices : the old Misti stratovolcano and the young Misti stratocone. They analyze the stratigraphy and the chronology of its eruptive activity
, in particular over the past 100,000 years : 7 compound groups of deposits record the late Pleistocene eruptive of the modern Misti stratocone. Then, they aim to assess the volcanic hazards of future eruptions at Misti, based on mapping, recent eruptive deposits
, and models used on similar stratovolcanoes : 700,000 people in the Arequipa-Chiguata region are threatened by at least 4 types of volcanic hazards.
Sediment discharge by storm runoff at volcanic torrents affected by eruption
Volcanic geomorphology
Alluvial cone ; Catastrophe ; Erosion rate ; Forecast ; Indonesia ; Japan ; Mudflow ; Natural hazards ; Rill wash ; Sediment transport ; Volcanic eruption ; Volcanism
Sediment discharge including debris flows generated by storm runoff during, or just after volcanic eruptions can bring about severe disasters downslope on the flanking alluvial fans. In many cases, the main cause of such disasters is a major change
in the hydrologic response of the slope from the eruption. Observation of sediment discharge at 3 volcanic torrents at Mount Unzen and Mount Yakedake in Japan, and Mount Merapi in Indonesia, provided insight to such processes at volcanoes with recent eruption
Spatial variability of soils developing on basalt flows in the Potrillo volcanic field, southern New Mexico : prelude to a chronosequence study
Aquifer ; Arid area ; Basalt ; Chronosequence ; Natural recharge ; New Mexico ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Spatial variation ; United States of America ; Volcanic rock
This study seeks to improve the accuracy of a future soil chronosequence study in the Potrillo volcanic field by : further evaluating the evolution of basalt flow surface topography with time; identifying the systematic variability of soils
The aim of this paper is to single out the relationships among the present landforms, their structural arrangement and the volcanic history of Central Italy. The morphological characteristics of the Roccamonfina volcano were examined through field
Stratigraphy, chronology, and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the Quaternary sedimentary infilling of a volcanic tube in Fuerteventura, Canary Islands
C 14 dating ; Canary Islands ; Cave ; Palaeo-environment ; Palaeoclimate ; Quaternary ; Sediment filling ; Stratigraphy ; Volcanic rock
La Cueva del Llano is a volcanic tube of Pleistocene age on Fuerteventura Island, in the Canary Islands. Part of it is infilled with sediments of external origin. These deposits are exceptional in stratigraphic complexity and thickness. The aim
Australia ; Climatic variation ; Coastal geomorphology ; Fluvioglacial features ; Glacial features ; Glacier ; Island ; Lava flow ; Moraine ; Periglacial features ; Sea level ; Volcanism
The geomorphology of Heard Island-McDonald Island is primarily the product of close interplay between volcanism, glaciation, and vigourous marine processes in a stormy sub-Antarctic environment. The dominant landform is the strato-volcano Big Ben
on McDonald Island. Other volcanic landforms include scoria cones, domes, open vertical volcanic conduits, lava flows and lava tubes. On Heard Island, a variety of erosional and depositional glacial landforms is present, including major lateral moraines
and extensive hummocky moraines. Integrated study of the volcanic, glacial and coastal sequences offers the possibility of constructing a well-dated record of climate change.
Plusieurs millions de personnes dans le monde vivent à proximité de volcans dont les plus dangereux se trouvent en majorité dans des pays en développement. Des progrès ont été réalisés du point de vue de la prévision et de la formation des autorités
This paper examines features of drainage and stream channel form and process on the mountainous volcanic island of Kadavu in the humid tropical South Pacific, and interprets the findings in relation to island environmental characteristics
Late Miocene paleo-geomorpholoy of the Bakony-Balaton Highland Volcanic Field (Hungary) using physical volcanology data
Erosion rate ; Hungary ; K/Ar dating ; Maar ; Miocene ; Palaeogeography ; Palaeogeomorphology ; Tufa ; Volcanism
Nouveau regard sur la zone volcanique Bakony-Balaton, Hongrie, active au miocène tardif et composée d'une centaine de centres éruptifs en majorité basaltiques, cônes de scories, anneaux de tuf, complexes volcaniques de maar et volcans boucliers. En
Urban hazards and risks; consequences of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions : an introduction
Catastrophe ; Earthquake ; Geotechnics ; Natural hazards ; Third World ; Urban area ; Volcanic eruption ; Vulnerability ; World
risques naturels, en particulier dans les pays en développement (Clermont-Ferrand, France, Décembre 1994); 2ème Symposium latino-américain sur volcans, séismes, mitigation (Lima et Arequipa, Pérou, Novembre 1996), et des contributions sur des événements
plus récents comme la crise volcanique du Guagua Pichincha en Equateur (1999) et les lahars du Pinatubo aux Philippines (1991-2000).
are presented. Three types of volcanic edifices are distinguished, large plateau-like Hawaïan-type shield volcanoes and two different stratovolcano types. By chemical composition the rocks of the shield volcanoes can be classified as Hawaiian-type tholeiites
Rates of stream incision in the middle part of the Arkansas River basin based on late Tertiary to mid-Pleistocene volcanic ash
Arid area ; Arkansas ; Fluvial erosion ; Lithology ; Pleistocene ; Pliocene ; River bed ; Stream ; Tephrochronology ; United States of America ; Volcanism ; Watershed
Geomorphometry ; Indonesia ; Jawa ; Natural hazards ; Terminology ; Thematic map ; Urban area ; Volcanic eruption ; Volcanism ; Vulnerability
Yogyakarta urban area is located in Central Java on the fluvio-volcanic plain beside Merapi volcano. Since the last eruption of Merapi in November 1994, the Code river, which goes across this city, is particularly threatened by lahars. A detailed