British urbanpolicy since 1997 : change and continuity
Great Britain ; Housing policy ; Local government ; Partnership ; Redevelopment ; United Kingdom ; Urban development ; Urban district ; Urbanpolicy ; Urban renewal
The paper sets out the evolution of British urbanpolicy since the Urban White Paper of 1977 with particular reference to the changes that have taken place under the Labour government after 1997. It considers the experience of the Urban Development
Corporations in the 1980s, explores the reasons why policy should have taken a significant change with the introduction of the Single Regeneration Budget and looks at the elements both of continuity and change since 1997.
Rapid growth of economy in China pushed the process of urbanization. With urban economic activities making up an increasing share of GDP, productivity of urban economy influences economic growth. Four megalopolises have emerged, and their GDP
exceeds 35% of the country's total. The rapid urbanization also resulted in a series of problems on development and environment.
The spatial pattern of Nigerian urban development: some policy implications
The pattern of urban concentration has changed only slightly since the creation of new states in 1967. The government in its 1980-1985 plan hopes to allocate investment to the new state capitals for the development of the infrastructure
alternative urban housing policies that have implications for current housing reform.
The A. examines the institutional and political characteristics of the urban housing sector. He then discusses recent efforts toward housing reform and housing commercialization. Finally, he employs a quantitative analysis to evaluate two
Land policies for urban and national development in Nigeria
A land policy is essential in Nigeria where over 70 per cent of the labour force work is agriculture, and where there is rapid urban growth transforming land to industrial and other urban uses. (EMS).
Housing and the Scottish new towns: a case study of policy termination and quasi-markets
Housing ; New town ; Scotland ; United Kingdom ; Urban construction ; Urban development ; Urban planning ; Urbanpolicy
The origins and development of the new towns are outlined, and the parts played by the main actors in the wind-up are considered. The transfer of a large proportion of the rented housing to local authorities was not government policy
and this is explained by reference to models of policy termination and succession, and to developments in the creation of quasi-markets, which created expectations of consumer choice.
Deconcentration by demolition : public housing, poverty, and urbanpolicy
Ghetto ; Housing ; Housing policy ; Poverty ; Public sector ; Segregation ; Spatial concentration ; United States of America ; Urban area ; Urbanpolicy
be demolished and the residents relocated. The A. argues that such federal public housing policies are based on a conceptually inadequate understanding of the role of space and of spatial influences on poverty and on the behavior of poor people.
Community ; Comparative study ; Gentrification ; Neighbourhood ; Public policy ; Redevelopment ; Urban change ; Urban development ; Urban fragmentation ; Urban geography ; Urbanpolicy ; Urban society
The primary objective of this special issue is to engage in comparative analyses with a focus on policy issues. The eleven papers show how, in cities and countries around the world, gentrification has become an active part of public policy based
on a “blueprint” that is contextually adjusted. During the most recent phase, the process has become fully incorporated into public policy. The redevelopment of London’s Docklands provided the ideal typical case. There is a new relationship between gentrification
The enabling local state and urban development : resources, rhetoric and planning in East London
England ; Local authority ; London ; Project ; United Kingdom ; Urban development ; Urbanpolicy ; Urban renewal
of enabling as found in policy and academic literature and argues both that changes in the language of policy have been distinctive and that this is actively contributing to the new urban governance.
Using a case study of urban regeneration within the Thames Gateway area of London, the A. examines the locus of power in the relationships between central and local government and the key economic interests. The paper then turns to the language
Urban networks in Europe: policies, practices, outcomes
Europe ; European Union ; Network ; Territoriality ; Town ; Urban development ; Urban function ; Urban geography ; Urban network ; Urbanpolicy
Over the past twenty years urban “networking” has become a rule of behaviour in the European Union. This article concerns the development of urban networks within the European urban geography. Urban networks have an important role in disseminating
a development model for urban areas by bringing together a diverse range of cities around common problems in order to create common understandings of how to address these problems—the new ‘conventional wisdom’. These networks have also developed a range
of different methods “to be active” in order to achieve different territorial outcomes. In that sense, which are the outcomes of those cities that have shown a strong “ aptitude in urban networking ” ? - (BJ)
Domestic policies, external constraints and economic development in Nigeria since 1950
The post-1950 rural to urban migration led to stagnation in food output. With the decline in oil revenue, and the policy of industrial development of import substitute goods the neglect of agriculture cannot continue and policy reform is essential
Plant closures in urban areas : towards a local policy response
Decision ; Economic environment ; England ; Factory closure ; Firm strategy ; Industrial location ; Local policy ; Sheffield ; United Kingdom ; Urban economy
is drawn between inter-urban selective closures and intra-urban selective closures. Local policies may be able to influence plants at risk of selective closure.
Kenya's development centre policy: the case of Eldoret. An assessment of its implementation and impact
Kenya ; Rural centre ; Rural-urban relations ; Urban growth ; Urbanization ; Urbanization of the countryside
The study covers the historical evolution of the urbanization process in Kenya by considering the pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial periods until 1974 when the development centre policy was adopted. After 1974, the study concentrates
on assessing the performance of the development centre policy with emphasis on the development of Eldoret municipality as the study area and the impact on its environment and rural hinterland. -(AGD)
Germany ; Inter-community cooperation ; Regional policy ; Urban construction ; Urban development ; Urban network ; Urbanism
) needs to be examined in practice. This explanation is based on the regional policy objective of extending and developing urban networks. It is exemplary description of current urban interdependences and inter-urban co-operation. - (MT)
The paper explains why and in which way urban networks are examined: they are able to improve locational advantages in Germany (poly-central structures), and the instrument for developing spatial and functional networks (inter-urban co-operation
Upgrading the Physical Environment in Deprived Urban Areas : Lessons from Integrated Policies
Economic restructuring ; Europe ; European integration ; International cooperation ; Peripheral region ; Urban area ; Urban development ; Urbanpolicy
The article gives an overview of determinants of success of urban restructuring policies in European cities, with a specific focus on the organization of these kinds of policies. On the basis of an inventory of 50 practices in 25 European countries
, it concludes that organizational issues may be key to sucess of urban restructuring processes. Because collaborations, or partnerships, are seen as necessary to reach goals within the process of urban restructuring, the process of working together has
Division of labour ; Social structure ; Social theory ; Town ; Urban district ; Urbanpolicy ; Urban structure ; Urban theory
Réflexions de l'A. centrées sur un article de K. Cox publié en 1991 dans la revue Journal of Urban Affairs: questions of abstraction in studies in the new urban politics.
An examination of rural-urban relations is critical of the lack of co-ordination, and suggests that self-help programmes in the towns and back-to-the-land schemes can have limited effects. - (EMS)