City-region ; Land use ; Role of the State ; United States of America ; Urban development ; Urban sprawl ; Urbanization
This paper proposes to measure sprawl in metropolitan regions as marginal changes in land use over time though the following metrics : change in urban housing unit density, marginal land consumption per new urban household, housing unit density
in newly urbanized areas and percent of newhousing units located in previously developed areas) are computed for all metropolitan areas in the continental USA for 1980 and 2000. Changes in development patterns reflect interactions of market and geographic
2014
[b1] Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Etats-Unis
Arid area ; Climatic change ; Hydrology ; Land use ; Land utilisation ; Model ; Nevada ; Polluted water ; United States of America ; Urban growth ; Water management ; Water needs ; Watershed
Bassin-versant ; Besoin en eau ; Changement climatique ; Croissance urbaine ; Domaine aride ; Eaux usées ; Etats-Unis ; Gestion de l'eau ; Hydrologie ; Las Vegas ; Modèle ; Nevada ; Occupation du sol ; Utilisation du sol
into the city from different sources, such as Lake Mead, and the urban wastewater is treated and returned back to the reservoir for water augmentation. However, in the face of continual global climate change and urbanization in the watershed, long-term planning
and management options in this arid and rapidly urbanizing watershed under various scenarios of climate regime, population growth, land-use change, and total water management programs for the year 2050.
In the past 30 years, because of climate and land-use changes, Las Vegas Wash watershed has experienced a decrease in clean water supply but an increase in water demand. To alleviate some of these problems, large amounts of water have been pumped
for sustainable water management is critical. This research was designed to provide a comprehensive analysis incorporating hydrologic modeling, population projection, land-use change modeling, and water management policies to examine the total water balance
Lacan on urban development and national identity in a global city : integrated resorts in Singapore
Identification ; National identity ; Singapore ; Theory ; Urban development ; Urban policy
The A. applies the theory of the four discourses and the mirror stage of development to Singapore's urban development of the two Integrated Resorts at Marina Bay and Sentosa. He critically analyses the rhetoric of the public debate from 2004–2005
psychoanalysis is to provide an understanding and recognition by analysis to enable a change of signifiers, values and ideology among the masters and the subjects to better represent the true needs and wants of the community. This reflective position enables
a movement toward postcolonial urban studies and planning.
California ; Citizenship ; Environment ; Governmentality ; Infrastructure ; Resilience ; San Francisco ; Smart city ; United States of America ; Urban ecology ; Urbanism ; Urbanization
environments: environmentality and citizen sensing in the smart city ; 3-A new urban dispositif? Governing life in an age of climate change ; 4-What is a destituent power?
Dans cette partie consacrée à la technologie, au gouvernement et à la ville résiliente, on trouvera les articles suivants : 1-Natura Urbans, Natura Urbanata: ecological urbanism, circulation, and the immunization of nature ; 2-Programming
The spaces that smart growth makes : sustainability, segregation, and residential change across Greater Seattle
Housing ; Housing policy ; Metropolitan area ; Real estate development ; Residential segregation ; Seattle ; United States of America ; Urban growth ; Urban policy ; Washington State
This article examines the spaces that smart growth makes through sustainability, segregation, and residential change across Greater Seattle. . Using residential permit data in the 1990s and 2000s, the analysis highlights the heterogeneous nature
2014
[b1] Urban Studies Program, Univ. of Washington, Tacoma, Etats-Unis
The changing ethnic composition of urban neighbourhoods in England and Wales, 2001-2011 : creating nations of strangers ?
Diversification ; England and Wales ; Ethnic community ; Ethnic composition ; Foreigner ; Neighbourhood ; Spatial concentration ; Town ; United Kingdom ; Urban population
. On identifie deux types de diversification accrue et on discute de leurs implications pour apprécier les changements au niveau des mosaïques résidentielles et des relations inter-culturelles.
Process and cause of urban-rural development transformation in the Bohai Rim Region, China
China ; Cluster analysis ; Coastal environment ; Eastern China ; Economic development ; Hierarchical classification ; Regional development ; Rural-urban relations ; Spatial autocorrelation ; Urbanization
analysis (ESDA) method to investigate the spatial autocorrelation of the change in the urban-rural development transformation index during the 16-year period using Global Moran's I index and Local Moran's I index. Finally, the AA. investigated the mechanism
of change of the urban-rural development transformation index at county level, summarizing 5 main factors : 1) the radiation from the surrounding big cities, 2) the acceleration of the urbanization process, 3) the upgrading of the industrial structure, 4
Based on the review of current studies, the AA. first used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to evaluate the urban-rural development and transformation level by population transformation index, land transformation index, industrial
Community ; Cuba ; Discourse ; Ecology ; Fruit ; Garden ; Habana ; José Martí ; Political geography ; Political party ; Role of the State ; Sustainable development ; Urban area ; Vegetables ; environmental discourse ; ideology ; sustainability
; urban gardens
and interact with the Cuban state's articulation of these discourses. While this process forces urban gardeners to adapt to the changing meanings of growing food, it also provides a different language through which gardeners define themselves, especially
This article explores the relationship between sustainability discourse and its local dimensions to reveal the role of sustainability in the reformulation of the Revolution. Urban gardeners engage with international discourses of sustainability
in the context of a changing relationship with the state.
the most important processes of change for each type and links these processes with spatial planning policy. The identification of these dynamics sheds light on current and future trajectories of the changes of Greek landscapes, thus providing challenges
From agriculture to nature - a study of land use change in a peri-urban landscape
On étudie les facteurs qui contribuent aux changements d'utilisation du sol dans un paysage périurbain. Méthode centrée sur les stratégies d'acteurs et le processus de décision. On collecte des données agricoles en effectuant une enquête à Roskilde
, dans un paysage périurbain animé par une dynamique intense. Une analyse de groupes sert à étudier les motivations associées aux changements d'utilisation du sol. Le désir d'améliorer les aménités de la propriété est le motif dominant.
The politics of emotion in participatory processes of empowerment and change
El Salvador ; Emotion ; Empowerment ; Neighbourhood ; Participation ; Project ; Social change ; Social geography ; Urban area ; Violence ; Young people
Changement social ; Emotion ; Espace urbain ; Géographie sociale ; Jeunes ; Mejicanos ; Participation ; Projet ; Quartier ; Responsabilisation ; Salvador ; San Salvador ; Violence
This article examines the role of critical analysis and emotions in participatory approaches to em-powerment and change. It analyses a local youth participation project (PAR) in Mejicanos, a poor and violent neighborhood in El Salvador, aiming
at empowering young people by involving them in participatory action research. It looks critically at the young people’s PAR process, askingwhether and how they felt empowered by it and whether and how social change came about.
This paper looks at cities as socio-technical systems consisting of patterns of interaction between actors, rules and artefacts. The issue of urban food security emerges as a key policy goal. This goal can be achieved through the coordination
and sufficiency narratives—can help achieve more sustainable landscapes when implemented into food policies. Through the proposed approach, education, information and communication are seen as keys to change. The new approach may have important effects
The urban climate of Budapest : past, present and future. 3. Hungarian
Budapest ; Climatic change ; Heat island ; Heat wave ; Human impact ; Hungary ; Regional model ; Urban climate
Action anthropique ; Budapest ; Changement climatique ; Climat urbain ; Hongrie ; Ilot de chaleur ; Modèle régional ; Vague de chaleur
Since the groundbreaking survey of Budapest's urban climate in 1974, little has been done to reveal how the summer heat island of the city has changed. During the last couple of decades, the impact of the anthropogenic heat release due
to the spectacular expansion of automobile traffic and the widespread use of air conditioners may have added an estimated 1-1.5 ° C to the temperature surplus of the city. As an evidence of the large-scale climate change, the homogenized temperature record
Urban governance and the European city : ideals and realities in Dublin, Ireland
Brand image ; Dublin ; Entrepreneurship ; Ireland ; Neo liberalism ; Planning project ; Public space ; Town ; Town planning ; Urban administration ; Urban area ; Urban planning ; Urban regeneration ; Urbanism
pour les piétons, des projets d'aménagement et la revalorisation de l'image, prennent plus d'importance dans les politiques urbaines européennes. Etude de cas sur le changement urbain à Dublin depuis les années 1990. On illustre dans quelle mesure un
2014
[b1] Centre for Urban and Euregional Studies, Univ., Maastricht, Pays-Bas
Culture-led development and conflict over urban space : reimag(in)ing St Petersburg, Russia
Architecture ; Contestation ; European part of Russia ; Historic centre ; Local population ; Perception of the urban environment ; Public opinion ; Saint Petersburg ; Social exclusion ; Social geography ; Urban policy ; Urban renewal
This study argues that an attempt to reimage(in)e the city of St Petersburg through its culture-led flagship project, Mariinsky Theatre–2, has generated significant changes not only to its built fabric, but also to its social fabric. It examines
the urban space of the historical centre is being contested by its urban users, often on the basis of differences in perception, including the impacts of the culture-led project on those perceptions. Civic awareness about social exclusion and inclusion
in urban space is on the rise in this post-socialist city.
State response to contemporary urban movements in Turkey : a critical overview of state entrepreneurialism and authoritarian interventions
Activism ; Neo liberalism ; Role of the State ; Social control ; Social geography ; Turkey ; Urban policy ; Urban renewal ; Urban social movement
In light of recent debates on the changing nature of urban movements, it presents an overview of the responses of states in different modes of regulation, ranging from a Keynesian regime to sequential stages of neoliberalisation. Examples
of authoritarianism and the entrepreneurial roles of the state are drawn from the Turkish experience to show how economic liberalism can be combined with increasing social control,restrictions, penalisation and exclusion. Reviewing Turkish urban policies and practice
, the urban mobilisations against them, and the varying positions of the state will shed light not only on what is happening in Turkey but also on the transformative nature of neoliberalisation.
Planning Rural-Urban Landscapes: Railways and Countryside Urbanisation in South-West Flanders, Belgium (1830–1930)
Belgium ; Flanders ; Land use ; Landscape ; Nineteenth Century ; Planning ; Public works ; Railway network ; Rural landscape ; Transport network ; Twentieth Century ; Urban landscape ; Urbanization ; infrastructure planning ; landscape history
In the international literature on today’s urban condition, Flanders is presented as prime example of urban sprawl, generally described as unplanned incremental development induced by the quantum leap of private car ownership. The research on rural
-urban landscapes in south-west Flanders qualifies and substantiates this assertion by analysing pre-war keystone processes of infrastructure planning in relation to land-use patterns and landscape transformations. The research reveals that not only
the development of rural-urban landscapes reaches back far beyond the welfare state, fuelled by railways prior to highways, but also shows that the supposedly chaotic hybrid landscape has its roots in drawn-out landscape ideologies inscribed in public works policy
. The analysis—which crosses the divides between disciplines (landscape and infrastructure planning), concepts (rural-urban, modern-traditional), and geographical scales (national, regional, local)—reveals consistently planned mechanisms of public works policy
and landscape change underlying both the diffuse regional urbanisation patterns and local landscape transformations, which are generally perceived as spontaneous or vernacular developments. Infrastructure planning facilitated a spatial organisation
2014
[b1] Department of Architecture, Urbanism and Planning, University of Leuven
Okun’s law and urban spillovers in US unemployment
Using data for 2002–2010 from 358 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA), the A estimate Okun’s law which accounts for national shocks and spatial spillovers in urban areas. Our scale of measurement is changed to the state level, allowing us
to capture a different source of spatial dependence on unemployment. The main finding is that MSA-specific growth has a small effect on MSA unemployment rate, implying that in a well-integrated labor market like the USA, unemployment at an urban level
Practicing GIS as mixed method : affordances and limitations in an urban gardening study
This article examines the affordances and limitations of GIS practicing as a mixed method in an urban gardening study. It traces how qualitative GIS methods uniquely enable multiple narratives to change the ways in which GIS is practiced
. To illustrate this process, it presents findings from the use of qualitative GIS to study urban gardening in Muncie, Indiana, a postindustrial, Midwestern city.
Autonomy ; China ; Guangdong ; Reform ; Rural economy ; Rurality ; Social organization ; Urban village ; Urbanization
of corporatisation, conversion of the villagers’ committee to the residents’ committee; and conversion of household registration status from rural to urban. The continuity of these rural practices suggests that institutional attempts to modernize rural organization
and urbanize the rural residents’ household registration status do not bring the Xinxiang neighborhood to the end of rurality.