Through a global ethnography of the organic and Fair Trade banana supply chain in the Dominican Republic, this research reveals how Fair Trade as a “spatial fix” for capital and a “small farm imaginary” work to marginalize a particular class
of workers. It also reveals the unseen sociality of Fair Trade standards in the systemic and structural assumptions in the small farm production model that Fair Trade promotes. The study finds that smallhold workers are essential to sustaining the market
for Fair Trade bananas in a form of functional dualism between smallholders and plantations. In a counterintuitive outcome of the workings of Fair Trade, workers might be better off in the medium-scale plantation model unique to the Dominican Republic.
New Zealand's trading policy in an age of globalisation: GATT, APEC and CER
Deregulation ; Economic cooperation ; International trade ; Liberalisation ; New Zealand ; Trade agreement ; Trade policy
The changes in New Zealand's international trading relationships are discussed against the backdrop of evolving international agreements. In considering the nature of these globalising processes, emphasis is placed upon the growing alliance between
The hegemonic cycle and free trade: the US and Mexico
Capitalism ; Domination ; Economic strategy ; Free trade ; International trade ; Investment ; Liberalisation ; Market ; Mexico ; Protectionism ; Trade agreement ; United States
The North American Free Trade Agreement is a function of the declining hegemony of the US in the world-system. The paper shows that two periods in US-Mexican relations portray the US hegemonic cycle in the world-system. The second one corresponds
Contraband trade through Trujillo, Honduras, 1720s-1782
British people ; Eighteenth Century ; Hispanics ; Historical geography ; Honduras ; Trade
During most of the 18th century, Trujillo, Honduras, served as an entrepôt for contraband trade between Central Americans in the Audiencia de Guatemala and the British who had settled at Black River on the Mosquito shore and in Jamaica. The Central
Americans traded mainly indigo and cattle for British textiles. Until 1782, when Trujillo was reoccupied by the Spanish forces, the authorities were nearly powerless to stop the contraband trade. Afterward, smuggling continued, but on a much smaller scale
Commodity flow ; Development ; International trade ; Mining resources ; Raw materials ; Sugar
The eight articles deal with the global commodity trade in times of crises, the causes and consequences of mining boom in Australia, the trading mineral commodities of South America, the mineral commodities in Southeast Asia (for example the tin
production in Malaysia and Indonesia), the question of wood as a commodity of the future, the cross-borders trade with secondary raw materials, the case of the global sugar market and a documentation of human mobility and development. - (IfL)
The AA. argue that classical economic analysis of trading blocs is inconclusive, and regionalism cannot be understood in economic terms alone. They focus on an examination of the relationship that exists between trading bloc formation and more
Trade disputes, dispute settlement mechanisms, and local development
Canada ; Competition ; Development ; European Union ; Industrial sector ; International trade ; Local development ; Steel ; Trade agreement ; United States of America
This article highlights the role of Dispute settlement mechanisms (DSMs) in free trade agreements, especially in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO), and draws out some implications for local development. The study reviews literatures
that have addressed the mandate and rationale of the WTO's formal and legalistic DSM, paying especial attention to the realist perspective on international trade, the issue of fairness, and implications of asymmetric power relations for local development
. Economic geographers need to incorporate free trade institutional architectures in contemplations of local development.
Unified US approach to EC trade policies| EC agricultural surpluses| EC expansion: what it implies for US fresh fruits and vegetables| West Germany: corn production and processing| exchange rates and the EC Farm Trade| US loftwood exports to Spain
Trade liberalization and the geography of production : agglomeration, concentration, and dispersal in Indonesia's manufacturing industry
Agglomeration ; Indonesia ; Industrial concentration ; International trade ; Liberalisation ; Production ; Settlement system ; Spatial distribution ; Trade policy
After 80years in Sierra Leone during which they have prospered as traders, it seems that their future is uncertain and they are no longer needed. (EMS).