Interaction of the monsoon and Pacific tradewind system at interannual time scales. Part I. The equatorial zone
The monsoon and trade-winds are strongly coupled at interannual time scales. The coupling is effected through pulsations of the massive low-level convergence in the Indo-Pacific created by the joint action of each wind system. The interaction may
also be thought of as the spatial expansion/contraction of the individual wind systems. (JPB).
support the view that from the Red Sea to the Atlantic the Sahara operates as a dynamic unit with respect to wind action. The movement of sand is in harmony with the tradewind circulation, except where the sand flows around major topographic obstacles
At the present time wind is the most active geomorphic agent in the Sahara. In addition, fixed dunes along the margins of the desert testify to the former extent of wind action during times of even drier climate. Satellite images and air photos
, with the result that individual sand currents may be moving counter to the regional wind direction.
Aeolian features ; Africa ; Atmospheric circulation ; Canary Islands ; Core sampling ; Lateglacial ; Marine sediment ; Model ; Morocco ; Palaeoclimatology ; Pollen analysis ; Sahara ; Sea current ; Tradewind ; Tropical zone ; Wind
-sea drilling in latitudes of 28°-35°N. The difference of opinion about the tradewinds comes from a fundamental disagreement about the climatic belt shifting equatorward during the LGM.
The low-level winds over the East African coast are dominated either by the southeasterly trades or by surges through the Mozambique Channel. Significant common features are the diurnal variation of winds over the heated terrain and the prevalence
of two stable layers in the vertical in the isotherm field. However, the trade-dominated flows show greater detail in the meridional flow, an average easterly component and a shallow moist stratum capped by a dry layer at 800 mb over the ocean
The influence of tradewinds, local air-masses and topographic obstacles on the eolian movement of sand particles and the origin and distribution of dunes and ergs in the Sahara and Australia
Observing long-period fluctuations of surface winds in the tropical Pacific: initial results from island data
A strengthening and subsequent weakening of the equatorial trades occurs prior to the first sea surface temperature anomaly at the coast of Peru, espacially in the Gilbert and Phoenix Island groups, for most of the El Nino events in 1950-1978
. An exception is the weak 1963 El Nino, which may have been initiated by meridional wind stress anomalies near the date line at the equator. Away from the equator, significant variability in both stress components from one El Nino to the next is the rule rather
Wind pollution index and wind pollution frequency a climatological problem in urban planning.
Arguing from the bases that the frequencies of occurrence of weather conducive to air pollution with wind from different directions are more useful to the planning of industrial location than the prevailing wind principle, the author suggests two
equations the wind pollution index, and the wind pollution frequency measurement for consideration by urban planners. (TNC).
Interannual variability of wind speed and wind power at five tall-tower sites in Minnesota (1996-2001)
Interannual variability ; Methodology ; Minnesota ; United States of America ; Wind ; Wind energy ; Wind speed ; Years 1990-99
The AA. use wind speed measurements from 1996-2001 at 70 m above ground (a typical wind turbine height) to investigate interannual variability in wind speed and wind power at 5 sites in Minnesota, and to determine whether the sites have similar
patterns of variability. They use the standard deviation (computed from mean hourly data) as a measure of within-year variability because squared differences emphasize the effects of the long tails of the wind speed and wind power distributions.
Measuring wind erosion is difficult as it requires the coincidence of a rare wind event with soil conditions that allow erosion. There is not necessarily a distinct threshold velocity; the relative force of the wind and the fluffiness of the soil
determine whether erosion will occur. The relative importance of stable/unstable surface elements may be determined by analysing the wind profile. Lastly, a model of suspension with saltation has evolved; it suggests that saltation is not distinctly
Wind erosion of residue waste. Part I. Using the wind profile to characterise wind erosion
Aeolian features ; Agropedology ; Australia ; Erodibility ; Field experiment ; Sedimentology ; Western Australia ; Wind erosion
A portable wind tunnel is used to assess the erodibility of prepared surfaces of residue waste. The data are extensive and include wind profiles, collections of saltation and suspension material as well as particle sizing by elutriation. Still
In this study, sediment transport rates by raindrop-impacted shallow flow were measured under wind-driven rain. By comparing the results from windward and leeward slopes, the AA aimed to clarify the effects of wind velocity and direction
on the transport process. The study was conducted in a wind tunnel rainfall simulator facility at Ghent University, Belgium.