Two spatial non-nested tests for weight structure in the spatial autoregressive model
Analyse spatiale ; Méthode de Monte Carlo ; Pondération spatiale ; Processus autorégressif ; Simulation ; Statistique ; Test
Autoregressive process ; Monte Carlo analysis ; Simulation ; Spatial analysis ; Spatial weighting ; Statistics ; Test
Análisis espacial ; Estadística ; Método de Monte Carlo ; Proceso autoregresivo ; Simulación ; Test
On décrit le test spatial de SJ et celui de SJA, utilisés pour déterminer la structure de pondération appropriée à un modèle autorégressif et il les compare une ou des alternative(s). Ces deux tests non imbriqués sont basés sur le cadre de maximum
de vraisemblance. Simulation à la Monte Carlo. On conclut que le SJ-test doit s'appliquer si l'on détermine une structure spatiale alternative unique, alors que le SJA-test doit être appliqué si l'on détermine la structure spatiale de la pondération
par rapport à un ensemble d'alternatives. La puissance statistique des tests dépend du degré de similitude entre les alternatives et de la vraie structure spatiale sous-jacente. Exemple des quartiers de Columbus et de Sacramento.
Applied geography ; Knowledge ; Learning process ; Space ; Students ; Test
Conocimiento ; Espacio ; Estudiantes ; Geografía aplicada ; Test
This study examines the relationships between geospatial thinking and spatial ability, focusing on knowledge and reasoning about fundamental concepts in geospatial science. Scores on a geospatial thinking test have low correlations with each other
, compared to high correlations among scores on spatial ability tests, and the degrees of relationship between geospatial thinking and spatial ability depended on the type of geospatial thinking. Expert geospatial scientists do not outperform students
on spatial ability tests, suggesting that expertise in geospatial science might not simply be explained by superiority in spatial ability. The results point to the necessity of targeted instruction for geospatial learning.
This paper tests for excessive employment agglomeration among twenty southern California manufacturing industry clusters using two methods claiming to control for the natural and planned geography constraining industrial location generally. It finds
broad consistency across the alternative tests; although fewer industry clusters test statistically significant for agglomeration or dispersion. Similarly, the observed values for the former statistic test significant over a subset of the spatial scales
over which the case-control method tests significant.
Canada ; Convergence ; Disparités régionales ; Economie régionale ; Econométrie ; Niveau de vie ; Productivité ; Revenu per capita ; Test
Canada ; Convergence ; Econometry ; Living standard ; Per capita income ; Productivity ; Regional disparities ; Regional economy ; Test
Canada ; Convergencia ; Desnivel entre las regiones ; Econometría ; Economía regional ; Nivel de vida ; Productividad ; Renta per capita ; Test
De nouveaux tests permettent d'évaluer la convergence du PIB réel per capita entre les provinces canadiennes, et de déterminer l'itinéraire de transition des facteurs déterminants de la convergence ou de la divergence. Hypothèse d'une hétérogénéité
This article describes a set of basic tests used to test the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). These tests were made using real data from selected meteorological stations in the Czech Republic. Days with extreme temperatures and days
with extremely windy conditions (extratropical cyclone known as hurricane Kyrill, January 18-19, 2007) were selected for the UTCI testing. A complete set of meteorological and radiation factors : air temperature, humidity, wind speed and mean radiation
temperature were used when testing the UTCI. Other indices were calculated using limited numbers of the following factors : air temperature and humidity (Heat Index), air temperature and wind speed (Wind Chill), and also air temperature, humidity and wind
speed (NET). Testing of the UTCI was necessary before the possible application of this index in the national weather service of the Czech Republic (CHMI)
España ; Hidrología ; Metodología ; Propiedades del suelo ; Suelo ; Test
, and ethanol percentage, EP, tests). Water repellency was measured on the surface and at soil depths of 2 cm and 5 cm for 3 fine textured soil types (Rendzic Phaeozem, Hypercalcic Calcisol, and Eutric Cambisol) developed below different plant covers (mossy pine
forest, evergreen oak forest, and meadow, respectively). At the class level, WDPT and EP tests offered similar results for unaltered and sieved samples. Differences in the wettability has been observed between soil depths and soil types.
Regional convergence or divergence in China ? Evidence from unit root tests with breaks
Application de tests de racine unitaire incluant des ruptures structurelles à détermination endogène afin de démontrer l'éxistence de clubs économiques régionaux parmi les provinces chinoises. Données de panel sur le produit inétrieur brut réel per
(KFC) style provides fewer opportunities for play than spaces designed in a more natural way. To test this hypothesis an evaluation tool is developed that draws upon a range of academic literature. This tool was tested on 10 sites in the East Midlands
and the play value of these spaces. The paper starts by explaining that there is an assumption that an outdoor space in the Kit, Fence, Carpet (KFC) style provides fewer opportunities for play than spaces designed in a more natural way. To test this hypothesis
an evaluation tool is developed that draws upon a range of academic literature. The tool includes three dimensions of Play Value, Physical Characteristics of the site and the Environmental Characteristics of the site. This tool was tested on 10 sites in the East
The effect of various sources and dose of phosphorus on residual soil test phosphorus in different soils
Soil test phosphorus (STP) finds its agronomic utility for the recommendation of phosphorus (P) fertilizer to crops and in risk assessment of offsite soil P movement from an environmental perspective. The aim of this research was to understand
the influence of P from several P sources applied on Soil test phosphorus (STP) in 6 different soils both before crop P removal (NBP0) and after the first (NBP1) and seventh harvest (NBP7) of corn (Zea mays L.). The P was extracted with Bray1 solution from
The paper tests the proposition that housing markets in Inner London exhibit a degree of path dependence, through the construction of a three-equation model, and examines the impact of variables constructed for the 19th and early 20th centuries
on modern house prices. These include 19th-century social structures, slum clearance programmes and the 1908 underground network. Each is found to be significant. The tests require the construction of novel historical datasets, which are also described
Lake evaporation : A possible factor affecting lake level changes tested by modern observational data in arid and semi-arid China
In this paper, the AA. used modern observations beside Qinghai Lake and Zhuye Lake, located in the northwest margin of the Asian summer monsoon, to test the impact factors for lake evaporation. Pan evaporation near the 2 lakes is mainly related
Présentation, test et discussion d'un nouvel algorithme de partitionnement des extrêmes climatiques visant à les diviser en « paquets » homogènes, de façon à identifier des regroupements spatiaux. Exemple des fortes précipitations automnales de 92
L'hégémonie américaine est étudiée en abordant les vies de deux hommes d'affaires américains dans la Russie de l'ère révolutionnaire. Il s'agit d'un terrain approprié pour tester l'efficacité de la structure corporative, des imaginations géo
The goal of this study is to assess the impact of two variables (victimization and perception of violence) that have been neglected in the literature. It tests the impact of exposure to violence on system support by using survey data from the 2004
The AA. examine Corine land cover diversity patterns across Europe, and test (1) if geographical (longitudinal, latitudinal) gradients exist, (2) if the scale of analysis (and specifically the grain of analysis) influences the patterns, and (3
) if the thematic resolution affects the results. To account for spatial autocorrelation, they used Clifford’s test. Latitude was significantly correlated with land cover diversity only at large grain sizes. Longitude, with a few exceptions at fine grain
Activité biologique et propriétés physico-chimiques des eaux thermoactives (test biologique à l’aide des mollusques)
A l’aide des méthodes physico-chimiques et des tests biologiques, les AA. étudient les propriétés de deux types d'eaux : les eaux thermoactives (eaux thermales à forte concentration en dioxyde de carbone) et l’eau de fonte de congélation rapide. Les