Long-term geographical changes in international agricultural trade
Cacao ; Café ; Commerce international ; Coton ; Céréale ; Evolution à long terme ; Géographie humaine ; Histoire économique ; Huile végétale ; Marché mondial ; Oléagineux ; Produit agricole ; Thé
The article includes the following parts: notes on the historical conditions in the expansion of agricultural trade, structures of international agricultural trade (world trade in cereals, in vegetable oil, in cotton, in coffee, tea, cocoa
Trading strategies for New Zealand: the GATT, CER and trade liberalisation
Economic strategy ; Export ; Importation ; International trade ; Liberalisation ; Market ; New Zealand ; Trade policy
New Zealand's position outside major trading blocks is problematic at a time of declining terms of trade for agro-commodities. The strategies pursued to improve New Zealand's trading position are considered with special reference to the Uruguay
Round (GATT), Closer Economic Relations (CER) with Australia, and the promotion of trade liberalisation.
Nation-states in continental markets: the political geography of free trade
Economic impact ; Economic theory ; Free trade ; Geopolitics ; International trade ; Nation-state ; Political geography
History of the free-trade idea and what it means in economic and political terms. Case study of the consequences of the Canada-U.S. free trade agreement on Canada shows that it is not a compretely benign idea. - (DWG)
Whither long-term Canada-U.S. natural gas trade? A view from the (modelling) trenches
Canada ; Demand ; Economic environment ; Export ; Importation ; International trade ; Model ; Natural gas ; North America ; Pricing ; Supply ; United States
their decisions or judgments on outcomes from long-term gas trade models.
The paper provides a modelling perspective on charting the course of future North American gas trade. The principal conclusion is that, due to major uncertainties arising from several sources, decision makers must exercise much caution when basing
The impact of the exogenous shocks of 1974 on Cypriot trade
, or did they merely represent a short term set back? What were the implications for the country's trade, and are there any lessons other small, open, and equally vulnerable economies can learn from the Cypriot experience?. (L'A.).
More than a decade has elapsed since the traumatic events of 1974 in Cyprus. Sufficient time has now passed to examine the economic significance of the events in historical perspective. Were they of long term significance for the Cypriot economy
The AA. argue that classical economic analysis of trading blocs is inconclusive, and regionalism cannot be understood in economic terms alone. They focus on an examination of the relationship that exists between trading bloc formation and more
differentials between the US and its major trading partners, the findings indicate that in the long run, states have more to fear from slow productivity growth than from fluctuations in the dollar.
Russia’s WTO accession and trade in services : an examination into Russia–EU relationships
Direct investment ; European Union ; Foreign investment ; International trade ; Liberalisation ; Producer services ; Russia ; Trade agreement
This article presents the results on evolution of Russian international transactions in services in the light of its imminent accession to the World Trade Organization. Focusing on exports and imports and on foreign direct investment, the authors
aim to assess if there was any process of substitution over the period 2005–2010. Business services emerge as one of the most dynamic group in terms of international transactions.
Economic geography ; International economy ; International trade ; Market ; Spatial analysis ; Transport cost
terms the market conditions prevailing in modern international trade.
Recent works by P. Krugman and others give rise to an integration, joining spatial analysis to models of international trade. Focusing on increasing returns, transport costs and concentration effects, the new approach describes in more realistic
Environment, trade and the welfare gains from the transfer of pollution abatement technology
Environment ; Environmental management ; International trade ; Model ; Pollution control ; Technology transfer
Les AA. étudient les effets en termes de bien-être du commerce et des transferts de technologie environnementale d'un pays développé vers un pays en développement. Modèle d'équilibre à la Ricardo à deux pays, deux secteurs et deux facteurs.
Direct investment ; Economy ; Firm strategy ; International relations ; International trade ; Japan ; New Zealand
, which may be sub-national or trans-national. They may be best comprehended in terms of emerging urban axes, with the Kansai Region. The consequences for New Zealand exchange with Japan are described in terms of changes in trade.
The object of this study is to assess the effects of slash-and-burn as traditionally practised in Galicia (northwest Spain), in terms of short-term agricultural benefits and influence on soil erosion and runoff.