Equity market ; Finance ; Real estate development ; Real estate market ; Real estate speculation ; Stock market ; Transaction cost ; United States of America ; Urban economy
This paper uses a regime-switching approach to determine whether prices in the US stock, direct real estate and indirect real estate markets are driven by the presence of speculative bubbles. The results show significant evidence of the existence
of periodically partially collapsing speculative bubbles in all three markets. A multivariate bubble model is then developed and implemented to evaluate whether the stock andreal estate bubbles spill over into REITs. The underlying stock market bubble is found
to be a stronger influence on the securitised real estate market bubble than that of the property market. Furthermore, the findings suggest a transmission of speculative bubbles from the direct real estate to the stock market, although this link is not present
Carbon stocks and dynamics in grazing highlands from the Andean Plateau
in the Apolobamba area in the Andean Plateau. High amount of total organic C stock, recalcitrant C contents and recalcitrance index highlight the importance of these high altitude grasslands as stable C reservoirs. A negative influence of domestic camelid grazing
on the decreasing of soil organic C stocks was observed. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish soil protection strategies to keep the soil C reservoirs and to preserve the biodiversity and sustainable management of the vicuna in the Bolivian Andean
Central Europe ; Decision ; Eastern Europe ; Europe ; Household ; Housing ; Owner-occupier ; Social capital ; Social geography ; Stock of real estate
show that, next to the physical characteristics of the stock, such as its age, an important role in the renovation process is played by residents and particularly their relations in terms of social capital. They thus identify some of the key missing pre
To improve the understanding of map scale associated uncertainty, the DeNitrification–DeComposition (DNDC) model were parameterized with 3 soil polygon-based databases at scales of 1:1,000,000, 1:4,000,000, and 1:14,000,000 to simulate SOC stocks (0
–30 cm) for paddy soils of China and their changes from 1980 to 2008. It is showed that SOC stock estimates decreased as map scale decreased from 1:4,000,000 to 1:14,000,000. The multi-scale simulation results indicate that the application of 1
:1,000,000 scale soil polygon-based database could reduce the inaccuracy of national SOC stock estimates and contribute to improved assessment of continental and global carbon balance.
. Some of the soil samples were used for a chemical fractioning of soil carbon. Farmer interviews were conducted in order to quantify livestock densities and stocking rates and to assess land management. Results showed that soils are generally shallow
, acidic, with low soil organic carbon contents and poor in nutrients. Areas with higher soil carbon stocks corresponded to units encroached by Retama sphaerocarpa shrubs and dehesas. Soil organic carbon (SOC) was relatively high beneath the tree canopy
and less concentrated and reduced in variability with depth. A multivariate analysis performed and other results suggest that land mismanagement and excessive stocking rates could be related with the appearance of bare soil areas, therefore negatively
In this paper the A. continues to ask how cities socialize in a way that allows shared experience to emerge in communities. Grounded in the sociology of knowledge shaped by German thinkers, her aim is to illustrate that specific stocks of knowledge
-orientated approach to asset management, the associations sampled have either disposed of non-decent stock to generate cash flows or else retained the stock, undertaking minimal repairs to meet the government’s target deadline. It concludes that not only has
The AA. present an integrated appraisal of the potential stocking rates of sites based on physical site properties. They combine these ecological and agrarian analyses with the economic calculation of opportunity costs in scenarios. They apply
this approach to a high mountain region in the eastern Greater Caucasus in Azerbaijan, which provides valuable ecosystem services and is heavily used as summer pasture by mobile pastoralists. The results show that stocking rates on many pastures are spatially
Aided with French and German scholarship, the paper takes stock of Lefebvre’s relevance in contemporary English-speaking urban research on social movements, postcolonial situations, the state, scale, gender, urban political ecology, regulation
caractère éphémère du déficit de stock sédimentaire lié à l’érosion. Les AA. soulignent l’importance des mesures de protection des côtes du péninsule de Sambie et du cordon littoral de l’isthme de Courlande.
Atlas ; Demographic change ; Economic activity ; Employment ; France ; Housing ; Ile-de-France ; Living standard ; Municipality ; Paris ; Population ; Professional qualification ; Residential mobility ; Social space ; Social structure ; Stock
Cette édition 2013 succède aux atlas parus à la suite des recensements de 1990 et de 1999. La plupart des cartes sont établies à l'échelle communale. Les grands chapitres abordent successivement la population et mobilité ; le logement ; les
added and employment in ICT-intensive industries grew relatively faster in countries with a higher ex-ante human capital stock and in countries with a fast improvement in human capital. Further, in countries with fast human capital accumulation, labour
In all Visegrad countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia), as well as in Armenia, a large proportion of the housing stock consists of blocks of flats erected during the Communist era. Those quarters have become an identical part
Soil carbon stock source was determined in 2 soil profiles on Miscanthus sinensis grassland at the Aso-Kuju National Park in Kumamoto Prefecture, Kyushu. Isotopic analysis demonstrated that 66.8% of soil C was derived from a C4 source. Radiocarbon
distribution of SOC density (C stock per unit area) to 1.0-m depth for soils of Ohio using geographically weighted regression (GWR), and compare the results with that obtained from multiple linear regression (MLR). A total of 20 variables including terrain
prête à répondre aux nouveaux défis, compte-tenu du stock et des caractéristiques de sa force de travail liée à l’économie de la connaissance. Pour ce faire, ils prennent en compte l’origine géographique des travailleurs, leurs caractéristiques
The AA. investigated the potential effect of permafrost thawing by the analysis of the physical-chemical soil properties of permafrost versus non-permafrost sites. Specifically, they 1) quantified the SOM stocks at such sites, 2) characterised SOM