Nation-states, quasi-states, and collapsed-states in contemporary Africa
The state idea
Africa ; Colonization ; Conflict ; Ethnic community ; Nationalism ; Political geography ; State
The successor states to the colonial empires in Africa exhibit the same strains as the fragile successors to the European empires earlier in the century. The survival of these quasi-states has been dependent upon the support of the international
community. Anti-colonialism offers little support for states in a post-colonial, post Cold-War era. In some cases the result has been disintegration and the emergence of the collapsed state.
Census counts and apportionment : the politics of representation in the United States... continued
Policy ; Population census ; State ; United States of America
Census counts are used in the United States as the basis for a derived apportionment count, which is employed by the president to allocate seats in the House of Representatives across the 50 States. This practice has been challenged in the courts
, most recently by the State of Utah, which claimed that it was denied a fourth seat in the House for the period 2002-12 as a consequence.
Local control and financing of education: a perspective from the American state judiciary
Cultural studies ; Decision ; Education ; Finance ; Local administration ; School system ; State control ; Teaching ; United States
Local control of education in the United States today is more myth than reality. The American judiciary continues to justify its decisions concerning educational governance on the grounds of local control. Most states fund education through
a combuination of local, state and Federal taxes. The A. analyzes the state court decisions involving local control in school financing, with the intent of developing a more comprehensive interpretation of how local control arguments are used as justification
An assessment of the effects of reorganization of the states of the Federation. The A. asks wether a central federal government can command the loyalty of the peripherical states particularly if the states are totally dependent on the centre
Small places and big states : changing state relations in a new global environment
This article explores changes in the interaction between the endogenous and exogenous realms of the State in the context of a new global environment. Consideration is given to State actions and territorial associations most evident in the post-1945
The management and autonomy of the local state: the role of the judicary in the United States in Special issue on state, the law and the spatial sciences.
South Africa: the case of a failed state partition
Bantustan ; Conflict ; Ethnic group ; Language ; Multi-ethnic state ; Nation ; Political geography ; Segregation ; South Africa ; State
In South Africa the White minority sought to retain political power in the face of majority African demands for equality, by means of state partition. The government attempted to create new states for linguistically defined groups within the African
population, without resolving the problems involved in creating new nations or drawing state boundaries. The lack of legitimacy and the degree of coertion applied in the policy's enforcement ensured failure and the re-establishment of the unitary state.
Conflict ; Defence ; Military expenditures ; Organization ; Political geography ; Security ; Sovereignty ; State ; Terrorism ; Theory ; United States of America
The A. wants to relate the political violence to a political-geographic model of state formation, and to indicate that this quotidian interpretation of the state has many insightful qualities. In some very real ways, the state can be viewed as our
[b1] Dept. of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Arizona State University West, Phoenix, Etats-Unis
Observations on state trading in the Russian economy
Economic policy ; Enterprise ; Export ; Importation ; Market regulation ; Regulation ; Russia ; State control ; Trade
The AA. present an overview of state trading activities in Russia in light of that country's prospective accession to the World Trade Organization. They cover the origins of Russian state trading, developments after the collapse of the USSR, state
involvement in barter trade, and its control of the organizational structure and remaining monopolies. A discussion of implications embraces issues relating to the inefficiencies of state trading and Russia's designation as a nonmarket economy by the United
Affect, state theory, and the politics of confusion
Affectivité ; Etats-Unis ; Géographie politique ; New York City ; New York State ; Police ; Pouvoir ; Violence
Affect ; New York City ; New York State ; Police ; Political geography ; Power ; United States of America ; Violence
The A. introduces the notion of ‘state affects’ to describe the errancies that often characterize everyday statist relations. Where structured conditions and intelligibilities, such as the government of populations, engender state effects that veil
the state's non-existence, state affects, I argue, enroll bodies and differentiate masses through what Secor has called ‘unrecognizable conditions.’ Particularly where such conditions are bungled and baffling, they constitute a field of problems that enable
of the state's monopoly on violence and the work of its ostensibly dissociated materialities sustain the political tensions between a state's non-existence and its affectiva-emotive power.
Etats-Unis ; Géographie sociale ; Immigration ; Minorité ; Petite ville ; Washington State
Immigration ; Minority ; Small town ; Social geography ; United States ; Washington State
A highly personal narrative of the Mexican-American (Chicano) minority in the small city of Yakima, an orchard center in eastern Washington state, USA. - (DWG)