Allemagne ; Berlin ; Capitale ; Développement urbain ; Economie urbaine ; Fonction urbaine ; Géographie urbaine ; Population urbaine
Berlin ; Capital city ; Germany ; Urban development ; Urban economy ; Urban function ; Urban geography ; Urban population
Since 1990 it has on one hand been catching up on normality and the other hand developing the position and function of its region in a national and international context. In the 90s Berlin was characterised by population decrease, primarily caused
In Germany it reveals a general trend which assigns a higher importance to the environment and landscape in the development of cities. Even so the development towards a scattered urban landscape based on extensive individual mass mobility could
not be brought to a halt. In addition to this, the process of catching up in East Germany with regard to suburbanisation has proceeded in the same way as in West Germany before unification, even though this development was already recognised as being ecologically
detrimental. This reveals an inability to steer the landscape development process as a whole. Concepts of regional environmental quality, sustainable land use concepts, economic steering instruments and ecological scenarios develop slowly as principles
The development of the housing market in the German Länder with special reference to the further development of the large-scale housing estates
professionals and all persons from the borough participating to work out strategies, recommendations, guidelines and visions for its functional, spatial, architectural and social-welfare development. - (HPB)
The lignite industry and the reclamation of land - developments in the Rhenish, Central German and Lusatian mining areas since 1989
The GDR was the world biggest lignite producing country, but attendant symptoms were uneconomic management and environmental destruction. The development in two eastern mining areas is characterised by a dramatic decrease of lignite benefication
landscapes with lakes, recreational facilities, forests and agricultural areas are developing. - (HPB)
Because the few cross-border roads between the former Federal Republic and West Berlin were entirely unable to cope with the dramatic increase in West-East traffic after 1989, primary importance was given to the development of the most significant
East-West axes within the framework of the Verkehrsprojekte Deutsche Einheit. These projects got important impacts for the accessibility of East German regions and economic development in their close vicinity. After industry collapsed the railway lost
more than half of its previous volume of transports, and road transport of goods increase to a similar position as in the West. The development of personal transport in the new Länder is characterised by a previously unseen growth in motorised
individual traffic and huge losses in public transport passengers. In addition to fast motorisation, the necessity for commercial management with sometimes drastic price increases is the main cause of this development. - (HPB)
Congrès ; Développement durable ; Développement social ; Développement économique ; Modèle ; Organisation de l'espace ; Paysage ; Planification ; Politique régionale ; Protection de l'environnement
Congress ; Economic development ; Environmental conservation ; Landscape ; Model ; Planning ; Regional policy ; Social development ; Spatial organization ; Sustainable development
The national park programme during the collapse of the GDR and its subsequent development
The national park programme, which was initiated in eastern Germany in 1990 was pursued vigorously and developed remarkably. At the moment, approximatively 23% of the total surface of the new Länder is taken up by large protected areas, since 1990
Allemagne ; Développement urbain ; Exurbanisation ; Peuplement ; Réseau urbain ; Suburbanisation ; Système de peuplement ; Urbanisation
Exurban settlement ; Germany ; Settlement ; Settlement system ; Suburbanization ; Urban development ; Urban network ; Urbanization
. The settlement development between West and East shows significant differences. In West Germeny the process of urbanisation is concentrated on rural areas and hinterland regions instead of central cities. In the new Länder all categories of settlement-structural
part in the successful development of tourism in East Germany. In the first years after the fall of the Iron Curtain, the population of the eastern Länder seized the new opportunity to travel into the capitalistic countries ; on the other side in East
Germany the accomodation capacity and tourist frequency decreased. Since the mid-nineties people from the western parts of Germany discovered the unknown East. Today the tourism infrastructure in the new Länder has developed to a high standard
. In the East the sector of high-ranking establishments (e.g. universities) is less developed. In the new Länder branches of large western firms employing modern forms of enterprise expanded into the east. These arose a diverse range of services, which