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Evolution of the Lower Gangetic Plains landforms and soils in West Bengal, India

Evolution of the Lower Gangetic Plains landforms and soils in West Bengal, India
Cartography ; Clay mineral ; Ganges River ; Hydromorphic soil ; India ; Iron ; Neotectonics ; Pedogenesis ; Plain ; Sea level ; Soil ; Soil properties ; West Bengal
-forming processes in the area; 3) broad elucidation of the roles of sea level changes and neotectonics on the evolution of landforms and soils.
The objectives of this study were : 1) identification and mapping of different landforms and soil-geomorphic units in the Lower Gangetic Plains of West bengal, and construction of a soil chrono-association for the area; 2) deciphering the major soil

Relating aerial erosion, soil erosion and sub-soil erosion to the evolution of Lunan Stone forest, China

Relating aerial erosion, soil erosion and sub-soil erosion to the evolution of Lunan Stone forest, China
Carbon dioxide ; Carbonate rock ; China ; Karst ; Karstification ; Model ; Soil erosion ; Soil water ; Yunnan
Stone forest is a unique karst landform with a complex evolution process. This paper will focus on stone pillars, the basic component of stone forest, analyse different combinations of sub-aerial, soil, and sub-soil erosion in Lunan Stone Forest
area, and propose a Triplex erosion mechanism for stone forest evolution.

Soil chronosequence, soil development, and soil evolution : a critical review

Soil chronosequence, soil development, and soil evolution : a critical review
Chronosequence ; Classification ; Concept ; Dune ; Floodplain ; Moraine ; Palaeosol ; Pedogenesis ; Soil ; Terrace
This review focuses on things. First, it briefly considers the construction and classification of soil chronosequences. Second, it describes studies of historical, Holocene, and Quaternary soil chronosequences, mainly to illustrate the wide range

Chaotic evolution of some coastal plain soils

Chaotic evolution of some coastal plain soils
Chaos ; Model ; North Carolina ; Pedogenesis ; Pleistocene ; Quaternary ; Soil ; Spatial variation ; Theory ; United States
Nonlinear dynamical systems (NDS) models of soil systems suggest that soil evolution may be potentially chaotic, and thus sensitive to initial conditions and to small pertubations. Chaos implies that the diversity of the soil cover should increase
over time. This hypothesis was tested by comparing the diversity of soil types on either side of the Suffolk Scarp on the lower coastal plain of North Carolina.

The soils of the Parque Natural do Arrábida

The soils of the Parque Natural do Arrábida
Catena ; Cultural capacity ; Nature park ; Portugal ; Soil ; Soil catena ; Soil classification ; Soil evolution ; Soil properties ; Soil science
Aptitude culturale ; Arrábida ; Catena ; Chaîne de sols ; Classification des sols ; Evolution du sol ; Fertilité des sols ; Parc naturel ; Portugal ; Propriétés du sol ; Pédologie ; Sol

Progressive and regressive pedogenesis and complex soil evolution

Progressive and regressive pedogenesis and complex soil evolution
Chaos ; Model ; North Carolina ; Numerical model ; Pedogenesis ; Quaternary ; Soil ; United States
The purpose of this paper is to explore temporal trends in soil development that might result from various combinations of progressive and regressive pedogenetic pathways via a simple numerical model. Implications of the model will be compared
with soil development indices from a geomorphic surface in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the United States.

Grain size catenas and hillslope evolution

Grain size catenas and hillslope evolution
Soil erosion. Experiments and models
Catenas ; Grain size distribution;Granulometry ; Model ; Sediment transport ; Slope dynamics ; Slopes ; Soil ; Soil erosion ; Soil property
In this work, numerical simulation is used as an exploratory tool to investigate the potential influence of dynamic soil catena with the long term evolution of hillslopes. The models consider only very simplified hillslope profiles with a prescribed
relation between surface form and soil texture that has been observed by a number of workers.

Jordbundsudvikling under ager og naleskov (Evolution du sol sous cultures et forêt de conifères)

Jordbundsudvikling under ager og naleskov (Evolution du sol sous cultures et forêt de conifères)
A comparative investigation of arable soils and soils with spruce vegetation is described. The arable soils are less acid and have higher contents of P, Ca, Mg and K than the forest soils. The spodic B horizons present in all soils investigated
, have lower contents of organic matter, iron and aluminium in the arable soils than in the soils with spruce.

Temporal evolution of salts in Mediterranean soils transect under different climatic conditions

Temporal evolution of salts in Mediterranean soils transect under different climatic conditions
Climatic variability ; Geochemistry ; Israel ; Leaching ; Mediterranean area ; Microclimate ; Precipitation ; Salt ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Soil water
in Israel. The aim was to analyze the effects of soil components (local factor) and climatic conditions (regional factor) on the temporal dynamics of salt concentrations in soil.

The influence of subsurface moisture on rill system evolution

The influence of subsurface moisture on rill system evolution
Canada ; Experimentation ; Gully erosion ; Ontario ; Rill wash ; Slope ; Soil erosion ; Soil moisture ; Threshold
This paper describes experiments carried out at the Soil Erosion Laboratory, University of Toronto to provide : observations of rill system development patterns; simultaneous local measurement of surface hydraulic and soil moisture data, together
with water and sediment discharge at a terminal weir. The experiments showed complex relationships beween surface and subsurface erosional processes in evolving rill systems, strongly influenced by soil moisture dynamics. The dominant effect of soil moisture
was reduction of soil strength with saturation, and increased runoff entrainment.

Soil evolution over the Quaternary period in a Mediterranean climate (SE Spain)

Soil evolution over the Quaternary period in a Mediterranean climate (SE Spain)
The AA. compare soil development on 2 different types of surfaces in the Granada Basin : geomorphically stable surfaces with old soils also showing younger pedogenic overprinting (surface soils) and unstable surfaces with successive erosion
-deposition episodes, forming sequences of buried soils in which the successive pedogenic stages are spatially distinct. The aim is to reconstruct soil development over the Quaternary period in a Mediterranean climate.

New data on the age and evolution of sod-podzolic soils of the central Russian plain

New data on the age and evolution of sod-podzolic soils of the central Russian plain
C14 dating ; Dating ; Palynology ; Pedogenesis ; Podzol ; Russia ; Russian Plain ; Soil

Comparison of the surface chemical properties of four soils derived from Quaternary red earth as related to soil evolution

Comparison of the surface chemical properties of four soils derived from Quaternary red earth as related to soil evolution
China ; Clay mineral ; Geochemistry ; Soil ; Soil classification ; Soil properties ; Southern China ; Subtropical zone ; Weathering
for classification and evolution of soils.
The surface chemical properties of soil samples i.e., surface charge and zeta potential, and the mineralogy of soil clay fraction were investigated with reference to soil weathering extent for 4 different soils derived from Quaternary red earth
using the ion adsorption method, a micro-electrophoresis method and the X-ray diffraction analysis. Results indicated that all these soil samples, 4 ultisols collected respectively from Liuzhou, Guangxi, Changsha and Hunan Province, contained kaolinite
and gibbsite. It is showed that the magnitudes of the point of zero salt effect (PZSE), the isoelectric point (IEP) and zeta potential of these soils were in agreement with the weathering extent of the soils and can be employed as reference criteria
[b1] State Key Lab. of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Inst. of Soil Sciences, CAS, Nanjing, Chine

Microgeometrical characterisation and percolation threshold evolution of a soil crust under rainfall

Microgeometrical characterisation and percolation threshold evolution of a soil crust under rainfall
Surface characterisation for soil erosion forecasting. Special issue
Clay ; Duricrust ; Infiltration ; Micromorphology ; Model ; Porosity ; Precipitation ; Raindrop erosion ; Soil ; Soil properties
An experiment has been carried out in order to both measure the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of a soil crust when it is developing and to characterize its macro- and microstructural evolution. Five stages of a structural crust developing
in a loamy clay soil have been identified. Mercury intrusion experiments and micromorphological descriptions have provided information on the structural evolution of the crust at the microscale. Both the structural information given by the chord size
distribution and the functional information obtained from the percolation threshold can be related to propose a new model of soil crusting.

Evolution of soils on Quaternary reef terraces of Barbados, West Indies

Evolution of soils on Quaternary reef terraces of Barbados, West Indies
Barbados ; Chemical erosion ; Clay mineral ; Geochronology ; Marine terrace ; Pedogenesis ; Quaternary ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Tropical zone
Soils on uplifted Quaternary reef terraces of barbados, 125,000 to 700,000 yr old, form a climo-chronosequence and show changes in physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties with terrace age. Parent materials are dust derived from the Sahara
, volcanic ash from the Lesser Antilles island arc, and detrital carbonate from the underlying reef limestone. Although some terrace soils are probably eroded, soils or their remnants are redder and more clay-rich with increasing terrace age. Comparisons
with other tropical islands, show that Barbados soils are less weathered than soils of comparable age. It is concluded that many soil properties in tropical regions can be potentially useful relative-age indicators in Quaternary stratigraphic studies.

Soil-landscape evolution on a Mediterranean high mountain

Soil-landscape evolution on a Mediterranean high mountain
Chronosequence ; Clay mineral ; Glacial features ; High mountain ; Micromorphology ; Pedogenesis ; Quaternary ; Sierra Nevada ; Soil properties ; Spain
The aim of this study was to reconstruct, in the southernmost glaciated area of Europe, soil development during the past pedogenic episodes, by comparing unburied soils in a post-incisive chronosequence formed on glacial deposits of various ages
and on pre-glacial surfaces, all of similar lithology. Twelve soils were studied in 4 sectors of the Sierra Nevada : Laguna Seca, Lanjarón Valley, Mulhacén Valley, and Corral del Veleta.

Holocene landform and soil evolution of the western Gangetic Plains: implications of neotectonics and climate

Holocene landform and soil evolution of the western Gangetic Plains: implications of neotectonics and climate
Calcrete ; Chronosequence ; Climatic variation ; Fault ; Geochemistry ; Geomorphogenesis ; Holocene ; India ; Micromorphology ; Neotectonics ; Pedogenesis ; Salt ; Soil ; UttarPradesh
Based on the degree of development, soils of the western Gangetic Plains have been grouped into 5 members of a soil-chronoassociation and the role of tectonism and climatic changes on the development of landforms and soils of the area has been

Razvitie pocv besstocnoj ravniny Severnogo Prikaspija v golocene. (Evolution of soils of the northern Caspian lowland in the Holocene)

Razvitie pocv besstocnoj ravniny Severnogo Prikaspija v golocene. (Evolution of soils of the northern Caspian lowland in the Holocene)
Domaine aride ; Evolution du sol ; Géographie de l'Europe ; Holocène ; Mer Caspienne ; Paléosol ; Prikaspie ; Pédogenèse ; Pédologie ; Quaternaire ; Sol ; URSS

Mineralogic evolution in hydromorphic sandy soils and podzols in Landes de Médoc, France

Mineralogic evolution in hydromorphic sandy soils and podzols in Landes de Médoc, France
Aquitaine ; Evolution du sol ; France ; Géographie physique ; Landes de Médoc ; Podzol ; Pédologie ; Sol ; Sol sableux

Pipes in cultivated soils of La Rioja : origin and evolution

Pipes in cultivated soils of La Rioja : origin and evolution
Pipes are a system of subsurface drainage, that can influence slope dynamics. In cultivated soils of La Rioja, their action is restricted to irrigated areas with lucerne. The factors encouraging their evolution are the number of irrigations
, the soil cracking, the existence of more impervious layers in the C soil horizon and hydraulic gradient. Several samples of water in the outlets of the pipes show that it is an effective system of subsurface erosion.

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