A spreadsheet-based (Microsoft Excel) point surface energy balance model for glacier and snowmelt studies
Alps (The) ; Energy balance ; Glacial ablation ; Glacier ; Model ; Mountain ; Snow ; Software ; Switzerland
the net shortwave and longwave radiation fluxes, the turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes and the surface melt rate at a point on a melting ice or snow surface, from hourly inputs of incoming shortwave radiation, vapour pressure, air temperature
and wind speed data. Model calculations are compared with measured surface melt rates at 5 points of Haut Glacier d''Arolla, Switzerland, over a 115 day ablation period.
and other objects. Water accumulation of snow cover (WASC) gives us the amount of water in snow and therefore also the weight of snow. Deep snow cover can soak its own melting water from the surface, so WASC does not decrease as fast as one would conclude
Snow cover a frequent phenomenon in Slovenia and even in the lowlands of the interior regions, it can last for several weeks. The properties of snow and winter weather after the snow cover has formed, determine the load of snow upon houses, trees
from the intensity of melting. WASC is also a good indicator of winter precipitation where precipitation stations are rare and precipitation gradients are big. The researches carried out in the winter 2005/2006 showed that precipitation in the central
Estimation of snow and glacier-melt contribution to the Chenab river, western Himalaya
Discharge ; Fluvial hydrology ; Himalaya ; India ; Jammu and Kashmir ; Meltwater ; Monsoon ; Mountain ; Precipitation ; Snow cover ; Water balance ; Watershed
A ten-year (1982-1992) assessment of the total water budget of the Chenab River at Akhnour. About 70 percent of the basin area is covered with snow in March/April which is reduced to ca. 24 percent in September/October. - (DWG)
Snow, runoff, and mass balance modeling for the entire Mittivakkat Glacier (1998-2006), Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland
Climatic data ; Glacier ; Glacier mass balance ; Greenland ; Meltwater ; Model ; Snow
sublimation, evaporation, snow and ice surface melt, runoff, and mass changes on the entire Mittivakkat Glacier. This model was used to describe the variations in snow distribution and surface melt over an arctic East Greenland glacier through this period.
SnowModel, a physically-based snow evolution modeling system that includes 4 submodels - MicroMet, EnBal, Snowpack, and SnowTran-3D - was used to simulate 8 full-year (1998/99 through 2005/06) evolutions of snow accumulations, blowing snow
Spring snowmelt timing and changes over Arctic lands
Arctic Region ; Climatic warming ; Northern hemisphere ; Snow ; Snow cover ; Snowmelt ; Spring (season) ; The 1970's ; The 1980's ; The 1990's ; The 2000's
winter, snowmelting, evaporation, percolation, soil moisture variability and temperature variations were quantified. Combining spatio-temporal data on physical environment functioning and vegetation patterns resulted in a process-oriented
The dynamics of water and energy fluxes in the high mountains of central Norway was studied along micro-spatial topographic gradients in different altitudes and regions of the Scandes. Landscape ecological processes like snow accumulation during
The Marmolada Glacier : an investigation of natural weathering and anthropic pressure through chemical analyses of melting water and ice
A sampling compaign on Marmolada Glacier (Dolomites, Italy) was undertaken on 7-8 september 2001, in order to collect samples of ice, snow and surface waters for chemical analyses. Such analyses, conducted on the field and in the analytical
laboratory, suggested the occurence of strong chemical interactions between melting waters and the limestone bedrock. Evidence for a strong anthropic pressure on the glacier, related to winter and summer sport activities, is also reported. - (NF)
Hoolvadékviz altal eloidézett talajpusztulas a Nyirség észak-nyugati részén. (Soil erosion caused by snowmelt water in the northwestern part of the Nyirség)
The role of snowmelting upon landslides in the central Argentinean Andes
Andes ; Argentina ; Climate ; ENSO ; Impact ; Landslide ; Meltwater ; Mountain ; Natural hazards ; Nature park ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Precipitation ; Regression analysis ; Snow ; Soil water
Park appears to be mainly forced by the melting of snow accumulated during the winter season, which in turn promotes soil saturation and landslide occurrence the following spring–summer (December-February). This finding is supported by a strong
correlation between landslides and stream flows of Andean rivers. These peaks occur during warmer seasons, fed by snow and ice-glacier melting. In contrast, the correlation between landslide frequency and precipitation (diary/accumulative/monthly/annual
, snow and ground temperature sensors, as well as automatic time-lapse cameras on a leeward facing plateau edge were used to study seasonal cornice dynamics. These techniques allowed for monitoring of cornice accretion, deformation and collapse/melting
Snow cornices grow extensively on leeward edges of plateau mountains in central Svalbard. Seasonal snow cornice dynamics control bedrock weathering and erosion in sedimentary bedrock on the Gruvefjellet plateau edge in the valley Longyeardalen. Air
collapse or melt, resulting in suspended sediment transport downslope by cornice fall avalanche or release as rock fall respectively. Therefore, cornices both promote and trigger high weathering rates on Gruvefjellet, and thus control presently
Antarctica ; Chemical erosion ; Cold area ; Freeze-thaw cycle ; Nivation hollow ; Periglacial features ; Snow ; Weathering
, particularly chemical weathering, is enhanced on the lee side of outcrops where snow accumulates as a result of prolonged wetting by the meltingsnow.
Colorado ; Geochemistry ; Glacial flow ; Glacier ; Isotope analysis ; Meltwater ; Model ; Mountain ; Rock glacier ; Snow ; United States of America
the initiation of snowmelt to the start of the next snow accumulation season. They then use that information to identify flow sources and pathways using quantitative, multi-component mixing models.
Surface energy budget and melt amount for the years 2009 and 2010 at the Forni Glacier (Italian Alps, Lombardy)
Alps (The) ; Altitude ; Climatic variability ; Glacier ; Glacier fluctuation ; Italy ; Lombardia ; Meteorology ; Season ; Snowmelt ; Weather station
This paper reports the surface energy budget and the melt amount evaluated at one location at the Forni Glacier (Italian Alps, Lombardy) during the years 2009 and 2010. The analysis was supported by high resolution meteorology and energy data
collected by an Automatic Weather Station (named AWS1 Forni) which has been running at the glacier surface (2669 m, ellipsoidal elevation) since 26 September 2005. The AWS is also equipped with a sonic ranger to measure snow depth and its variability
. It resulted that in the years 2009 and 2010 the glacier melt at about 2700 m of altitude was equal to –11.32 m w.e.; these results were confirmed by comparisons with field ablation data collected nearby the AWS during the summer season 2009 and 2010. - (NF)
) DEEPENING OF THE BASIS AT THE TIME OF GLACIER MELTING (RESIDUAL GLACIER STAGE)| C) PRESENT DAY DEEPENING DUE TO THE CO RICH WATERS OF SNOWMELTING AND THE IMPORTANCE OF CRYOCLASTIC PROCESSES. IN EVERY CASE THE STRUCTURAL CONDITIONS AND THE ROCK FRACTURE PLAY