European snowcover and its influence on spring and summer temperatures
Albedo ; Climate ; Europe ; Radiation ; Snow ; Snowcover ; Spring ; Summer ; Surface temperature ; Temperature ; Thermal anomaly
European surface temperatures in late Spring and early Summer were examined in relation to European snowcover using satellite-derived monthly snow-cover data and station temperatures anomalies. Maximum annual snow extent and March snow extent were
correlated with temperature anomalies from April to July. Maximum annual snow-cover extent, which occurred in January or February, was significantly negatively correlated with temperature in the Spring and early Summer. Three distinct regions emerged as being
correlated with variation in maximum annual snowcover. These were Central Europe, Western Europe and Eastern Europe in April, May and July respectively.
Recent global warming and variation of winter snowcover in Japan
Atmospheric circulation ; Climatic warming ; Global change ; Japan ; Snow ; Snowcover ; Teleconnection ; Temperature
The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence and implications of the hemispheric temperature changes on regional climate, especially, on the snowcover in Japan. The snow and other meteorological data of Tohkamachi city, which has the long
record of snow for 1917-1990 in Japan, was used, since it represents the snowfall and meteorological conditions over the major part along the Sea of Japan.
Snowcover a frequent phenomenon in Slovenia and even in the lowlands of the interior regions, it can last for several weeks. The properties of snow and winter weather after the snowcover has formed, determine the load of snow upon houses, trees
and other objects. Water accumulation of snowcover (WASC) gives us the amount of water in snow and therefore also the weight of snow. Deep snowcover can soak its own melting water from the surface, so WASC does not decrease as fast as one would conclude
Firstly snow as material and the climatic role of a snow-cover are described. Secondly, past changes of the Alpine snow-cover (quantity and quality), key variables and recent trends are enumerated. Finally, past fluctuations of avalanche activity
The dynamics of water and energy fluxes in the high mountains of central Norway was studied along micro-spatial topographic gradients in different altitudes and regions of the Scandes. Landscape ecological processes like snow accumulation during
winter, snow melting, evaporation, percolation, soil moisture variability and temperature variations were quantified. Combining spatio-temporal data on physical environment functioning and vegetation patterns resulted in a process-oriented
This review describes the status of the understanding of snowcover and current and potential monitoring techniques. The observed variability during the twentieth century is discussed, with particular emphasis on recently acquired data from
Illustration of the roles of snow in the evolution of the winter cover of a lake
Spatial patterns in the snow and ice cover of Elizabeth Lake, Labrador, as surveyed in late February 1979, are displayed and analysed. Relationships between distinct trends in the ice and less distinct trends in the snow are discussed within
a context of processes operative during a winter. The nature of and spatial patterns in the winter cover of lakes and their evolution have important implications for those interested in generalizing about lake ice properties and about the effects of snow
Periodicita najdlhsich obdobi trvalej snehovej pokryvky na Slovensku. (Periodicity of the longest periods of parament snowcover in Slovakia)
In geographical conditions of the Slovak territory the winters are unstable. For the study of the period with permanent snowcover duration the measurements of 80 snow meter stations in the years 1921 to 1970 have been used. The differences in snow
cover duration with the same periodicity have been recorded between East and West Slovakia and between mountains and lowlands.
spread out over Western Alps, also outside the geographical borders of the Region. The high spatial resolution network in combination with satellite devices can be used for an integrated monitoring of snowcover that combines information on snow depth
, amount of snow precipitation and snowcover extension. In particular satellites can provide complementary knowledge on snowcover over large scale with spatial continuity, supplying the lack of data where surface measurements are not available. - (NF)
The automatic meteorological station network of Piedmont (North- West Italy), whose realization started in 1988, together with the pre-existing manned stations are now providing snow depth and fresh snow depth measurements in more than 100 sites
China ; Climatic warming ; Global change ; Model ; Snow ; Snowcover ; Statistics ; Surface temperature ; Temperature ; Tibet
is fitted to the data to test for trend in time series of snowcover. The results suggest that higher precipitation may be a characteristic of warmer climates in polar regions. Thus, snowcover variation over the Tibetan plateau which is so-called Third Pole
Daily snow depth records at 60 primary climatic stations over the Tibetan Plateau for the period 1957-1992 are used as a basis for point and areal time series development. A statistical model consisting of a trend plus serially correlated noise
Permafrost aggradation caused by tephra accumulation over snow-covered surfaces : examples from the Hekla-2000 eruption in Iceland
The aim of this paper is an analysis of tephra accumulation on a pre-eruption winter snowcover and its influence on permafrost aggradation. Based on multi-annual field observations at the Hekla volcano, southern Iceland, a conceptual model
concerning the relationship between winter-fallen tephra and buried snow preservation is suggested. Furthermore, the relation of volcanic eruptions and potential preservation of buried snow in permafrost conditions on a global scale is discussed.
Evidence of recent changes in global snow and ice cover in Global Change.
Data on recent variations in the seasonal extent of snowcover and sea ice, of the terminal position and volume of alpine glaciers, and of ground temperature profiles in permafrost area are reviewed.
Rocny chod priemernej vysky snehovej pokryvky na Slovenku. (The yearly course of the mean snowcover depth in Slovakia)
The results of the mean snowcover depth and the probabilities of this occurrence are derived from long term measurements, 1921/22-1970/71, in more than 100 localities of Slovakia. With increasing elevation the yearly course becomes regular. (MS).
Priemerné trvanie rôznych vysok snehovej pokryvky na Slovensku. (Average duration of various snowcover heights)
Analysis of snowcover duration from more than 200 precipitation stations of Slovakia for winter periods 1921/22-1970/71. The average number of days with snowcover in dependence on height above sea level and on land forms is used
Meteorological control on interannual spatial and temporal variations in snowcover and ground thawing in two northeast greenlandic Circumpolar-Active-Layer-Monitoring (CALM) sites
Active layer ; Arctic Region ; Cold area ; Greenland ; Interannual variability ; Nivation hollow ; Permafrost ; Snowcover ; Spatial variation ; Thawing
Data on snowcover depletion and ground thawing at 2 sites at Zackenberg, in high arctic northeast Greenland, are presented from 1996 to 2002, and their meteorological control discussed.
conductivity, diffusivity and specific heat and how snow geophysical /electrical properties and the seasonal surface energy balance affect them. The AA. also review the different microwave emission and scattering mechanisms associated with snow-covered first
The AA. provide a summary of the current state of knowledge pertaining to the geophysical, thermodynamic and dielectric properties of snow on sea ice. They first give a detailed description of snow thermophysical properties such as thermal
-year sea ice. Finally, they discuss the annual evolution of the Arctic system through snow thermodynamic and aeolian processes, with linkages to microwave remote sensing.
Applied climatology ; Correlation ; Forest fire ; Snow ; Snowcover ; United States of America ; Western United States
The AA. conducted an examination of the spatial and temporal relationships and correlations between snowcover and wildfire from 1986 through 1996 in the 11 western states of the United States. Snow-cover and wildfire data were aggregated
and normalized for each state, as well as for the entire western region. No strong correlation was found for the entire western United States, nor did state aggregations show signs of consistent yearly correlation between measures of snowcover and wildfire
. Nevertheless, a few states experienced above-average acreage burned totals following winters with above-average snowcover.
This review (1995-2009) examines the development of snow mapping over time, and explores the application of modern technology to the measurement of snow distribution and characterization. Some advantages and limitations of current snow mapping
methods and techniques are discussed, as are their potential to facilitate future snow mapping. It is demonstrated that advances in remote sensing technology and ground-based measurement devices have upgraded snow mapping to a fully digital process during
recent decades, and it is anticipated that three-dimensional snow mapping will facilitate a fundamental step toward a new generation of snow observation techniques in the coming years.
The aims as well as the area and methodes used in nivation studies in Tatra Mts. are presented. Deterioration of snowcover with 5 different phases distribution of snow patches have been charcterized. Characteristics of processes interacting
in surroundings of snow patches is given. Nivation role in modelling of High Tatra is rather slender, while catastrophic processes can significantly model the relief. - (DG)