Improvement and validation of a snow saltation model using wind tunnel measurements
Aeolian features ; Aeolian transport ; Experimentation ; Mass movement ; Model ; Saltation ; Snow
A Lagrangian snow saltation model has been extended for application to a wide variety of snow surfaces. The model is modified to include various parameterizations of aspects of the saltation process, and to allow comparison with single height
2008
[b1] WSL, Swiss Federal Inst. for Snow and Avalanche Research, Davos, Suisse
Snow, runoff, and mass balance modeling for the entire Mittivakkat Glacier (1998-2006), Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland
Climatic data ; Glacier ; Glacier mass balance ; Greenland ; Meltwater ; Model ; Snow
SnowModel, a physically-based snow evolution modeling system that includes 4 submodels - MicroMet, EnBal, Snowpack, and SnowTran-3D - was used to simulate 8 full-year (1998/99 through 2005/06) evolutions of snow accumulations, blowing snow
sublimation, evaporation, snow and ice surface melt, runoff, and mass changes on the entire Mittivakkat Glacier. This model was used to describe the variations in snow distribution and surface melt over an arctic East Greenland glacier through this period.
The paper deals with the influence of snow conditions on periglacial landforms. The research was carried out on four study sites in the summit parts of the Krkonoše Mountains with occurrence of recently active periglacial landforms. The results
prove that there is a dose relationship between the low snow cover and occurrence of sorted circles and that the distribution of peat hummocks has not any connection with snow cover. Relationship between solifluction lobes and ploughing blocks and snow
Snow cover and depth of freeze-thaw on the Tibetan Plateau : a case study from 1997 to 1998
Active layer ; China ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Plateau ; Qinghai ; Snow ; Snow cover ; Soil temperature ; Tibet
Observation sites in this study are located primarily along the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) Highway. Analysis is focused on air and soil temperature, soil moisture, freeze-thaw depths, and snow depth in years of normal (1998/1999) and abnormally heavy
(1997/1998) snow cover. Results indicate that anomalously deep snow cover influenced the pattern of soil freeze-thaw depth through its control over ground temperature. Snow cover can also contribute to the cooling process through its high albedo
. Interannual variations in snow depth have significant implications for the maintenance of Tibetan permafrost.
Changes in snow and ice of high-mountain areas are primarily climate driven and take place at increasing rates and on a worldwide scale. Realistic scenarios for the European Alps indicate that glaciers could largely disappear within the coming
decades already and increasing thermal anomalies are likely to affect permafrost down to depths below surface exceeding 100 meters. Seasonal snow may become restricted to high altitudes and a few winter months. With such developments, pronounced
L’utilisation de la télédétection satellitaire permet d’étudier la variabilité spatiale et temporelle de l’enneigement. Après un rappel des concepts fondamentaux, grâce aux données SPOT-Vegetation (1998-2008) à un pas de temps décadaire, et par le
biais d’un indice analytique de type Normalized Difference Snow Ice Index (NDSH), ce travail propose d’analyser la couverture nivale dans la région du Vercors (Préalpes française). Les résultats indiquent une forte variabilité interannuelle de
Climatic data ; Lake ; Mountain ; Salinity ; Snow ; Snow cover ; United States of America ; Utah ; Water resources ; Watershed
Daily observations from automated snowpack telemetry (SNOTEL) stations from within the drainage basin of the Great Salt Lake over the period from 1982 to 2007 are analyzed. The major finding is a shift toward an earlier date of peak snow water
in winter seasons. Similar changes of individual forms depend on their similarity in terms of type of snow accumulation and the altitude at which they are located.
, mimic ground temperature patterns. Although no wintertime field observations are available, the depth and duration of seasonal snow cover appears to be the primary source of variability.
Eastern Europe ; Europe ; Geophysics ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Poland ; Slovak Republic ; Snow cover ; Soil temperature ; Spatial distribution ; Tatra Mountains
permafrost can exist beneath both thick and thin snow covers. The AA. infer that its presence may relate more to local circulation of cold air over the surface and low summer solar irradiation than to elevation and snowpack development.
Asian part of Russia ; European part of Russia ; Forecast ; Kazakhstan ; Precipitation ; Russian Far East ; Siberia ; Snow ; Snow cover ; Temperature ; Twenty-first century ; Ural Mountains
Until recently the central highland of sub-Antarctic Marion Island was permanently covered with snow. Climatic amelioration has exposed the area, enabling the documentation of the geology and geomorphology. The lack of glacial and periglacial