Studies of snow accumulation and ablation on perennial snow patches in the mountains of Japan
Through a review of research, the A. summarizes the characteristics of snow accumulation and ablation on perennial snow patches in the Japanese mountains.
This review (1995-2009) examines the development of snow mapping over time, and explores the application of modern technology to the measurement of snow distribution and characterization. Some advantages and limitations of current snow mapping
methods and techniques are discussed, as are their potential to facilitate future snow mapping. It is demonstrated that advances in remote sensing technology and ground-based measurement devices have upgraded snow mapping to a fully digital process during
recent decades, and it is anticipated that three-dimensional snow mapping will facilitate a fundamental step toward a new generation of snow observation techniques in the coming years.
Recent global warming and variation of winter snow cover in Japan
Atmospheric circulation ; Climatic warming ; Global change ; Japan ; Snow ; Snow cover ; Teleconnection ; Temperature
The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence and implications of the hemispheric temperature changes on regional climate, especially, on the snow cover in Japan. The snow and other meteorological data of Tohkamachi city, which has the long
record of snow for 1917-1990 in Japan, was used, since it represents the snowfall and meteorological conditions over the major part along the Sea of Japan.
European snow cover and its influence on spring and summer temperatures
Albedo ; Climate ; Europe ; Radiation ; Snow ; Snow cover ; Spring ; Summer ; Surface temperature ; Temperature ; Thermal anomaly
European surface temperatures in late Spring and early Summer were examined in relation to European snow cover using satellite-derived monthly snow-cover data and station temperatures anomalies. Maximum annual snow extent and March snow extent were
correlated with temperature anomalies from April to July. Maximum annual snow-cover extent, which occurred in January or February, was significantly negatively correlated with temperature in the Spring and early Summer. Three distinct regions emerged as being
correlated with variation in maximum annual snow cover. These were Central Europe, Western Europe and Eastern Europe in April, May and July respectively.
Snow cover a frequent phenomenon in Slovenia and even in the lowlands of the interior regions, it can last for several weeks. The properties of snow and winter weather after the snow cover has formed, determine the load of snow upon houses, trees
and other objects. Water accumulation of snow cover (WASC) gives us the amount of water in snow and therefore also the weight of snow. Deep snow cover can soak its own melting water from the surface, so WASC does not decrease as fast as one would conclude
Stabilization of snow temperature in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, January 1989
Antarctica ; Glaciology ; Methodology ; Snow ; Temperature
Snow temperatures were observed on Rüser-Larsenisen Shelf Ice and close to Basen, Vestfjella mountains in January, 1989, at depths from 0 to 10 m over time intervals of 1-21 hours in two boreholes and a snow pit. As a result of drill warmth
Evaluation of the collection, archiving and publication of daily snow data in the United States
Snow is an important component of the earth's environment and can significantly impact the everyday life. The quality of the data varies from one state to another, although it tends to be weakest where snow is least common. As a result
of this evaluation, the list of stations with daily snow data published in National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climatological Data publications has been revised and expanded.
Wet snow avalanche deposits in the French Alps : structure and sedimentology
Alps (The) ; Avalanche ; Earth surface processes ; France ; Grain size distribution ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Sedimentology ; Slope deposit ; Snow
The aim of this paper is to provide some informations on wet snow avalanche dynamics and debris transport through the analysis of 25 snow avalanche deposits on alpine screes in the Ecrins Massif, and in the Devoluy and the Vanoise massifs.
This paper presents a discussion of the evidence from the Lairig Ghru in the Cairngorm Mountains and explores the relationships between snow avalanche and debris flow activity. Although isolated examples of snow avalanche landforms have now been
described from other sites in Scotland, the Lairig Ghru and Central Cairngorms contain the greatest density and most clearly developed snow avalanche landforms yet described from Scotland.
Firstly snow as material and the climatic role of a snow-cover are described. Secondly, past changes of the Alpine snow-cover (quantity and quality), key variables and recent trends are enumerated. Finally, past fluctuations of avalanche activity
Improvement and validation of a snow saltation model using wind tunnel measurements
Aeolian features ; Aeolian transport ; Experimentation ; Mass movement ; Model ; Saltation ; Snow
A Lagrangian snow saltation model has been extended for application to a wide variety of snow surfaces. The model is modified to include various parameterizations of aspects of the saltation process, and to allow comparison with single height
[b1] WSL, Swiss Federal Inst. for Snow and Avalanche Research, Davos, Suisse
The dynamics of water and energy fluxes in the high mountains of central Norway was studied along micro-spatial topographic gradients in different altitudes and regions of the Scandes. Landscape ecological processes like snow accumulation during
winter, snow melting, evaporation, percolation, soil moisture variability and temperature variations were quantified. Combining spatio-temporal data on physical environment functioning and vegetation patterns resulted in a process-oriented
The automatic meteorological station network of Piedmont (North- West Italy), whose realization started in 1988, together with the pre-existing manned stations are now providing snow depth and fresh snow depth measurements in more than 100 sites
spread out over Western Alps, also outside the geographical borders of the Region. The high spatial resolution network in combination with satellite devices can be used for an integrated monitoring of snow cover that combines information on snow depth
, amount of snow precipitation and snow cover extension. In particular satellites can provide complementary knowledge on snow cover over large scale with spatial continuity, supplying the lack of data where surface measurements are not available. - (NF)
The AA. provide a summary of the current state of knowledge pertaining to the geophysical, thermodynamic and dielectric properties of snow on sea ice. They first give a detailed description of snow thermophysical properties such as thermal
conductivity, diffusivity and specific heat and how snow geophysical /electrical properties and the seasonal surface energy balance affect them. The AA. also review the different microwave emission and scattering mechanisms associated with snow-covered first
-year sea ice. Finally, they discuss the annual evolution of the Arctic system through snow thermodynamic and aeolian processes, with linkages to microwave remote sensing.
Snow, runoff, and mass balance modeling for the entire Mittivakkat Glacier (1998-2006), Ammassalik Island, SE Greenland
Climatic data ; Glacier ; Glacier mass balance ; Greenland ; Meltwater ; Model ; Snow
SnowModel, a physically-based snow evolution modeling system that includes 4 submodels - MicroMet, EnBal, Snowpack, and SnowTran-3D - was used to simulate 8 full-year (1998/99 through 2005/06) evolutions of snow accumulations, blowing snow
sublimation, evaporation, snow and ice surface melt, runoff, and mass changes on the entire Mittivakkat Glacier. This model was used to describe the variations in snow distribution and surface melt over an arctic East Greenland glacier through this period.
Factors influencing the variability of midwinter snow-depth decrease in the Northern Great Plains of the United States
Flood ; Glacial ablation ; Meltwater ; Model ; Natural hazards ; Radiation ; Snow ; Snow cover ; Temperature ; United States of America
This study uses a physically based snow-cover model to examine the influence of energy fluxes on northern Great Plains snow-depth decreases. Over a 25-year period during the month of February, the model is run for 19 stations distributed across
the region. The model estimates of radiative and convective fluxes along with temperature and dew point are compared with changes in the snow depth to determine the key factor or factors associated with midwinter snow-depth changes and its variability