is stripped from the upper drift slope and redeposited in debris cones downslope. This results in an overall lowering of average gradient along gully axes.
The morphological consequences of paraglacial modification of valley-side drift slopes are investigated at 6 sites in Norway. Here, paraglacial slope adjustment operates primarily through the development of gully systems, whereby glacigenic sediment
The effect of slopegradient and vegetal cover on soil infiltration and erosion were studied with field simulator, at the suburbs of Zhanjiakou city, Hebei Province, North China, on a loess hill. Discussion of the results.
Effects of rainfall intensity and slopegradient on the dynamics of interrill erosion during soil surface sealing
Erodibility ; Infiltration ; Israel ; Model ; Permeability ; Precipitation ; Runoff ; Slopegradient ; Soil erosion ; Water erosion
The dynamics of interrill erosion during seal formation is studied under different simulated rainfall and slope conditions. Soil erodibility during seal formation is evaluated using 2 empirical multiplication-of-factors type models. It seems
that slope and rainfall erosivity are accounted for only partly in these models. A sandy soil from the Coastal Plain in Israel was used in this study, discussion of the results.
The statistical relationship between unconfined compressive strengths and the frequency distributions of slopegradients - A case study in northern Hungary
This paper focuses on the question of whether there is a deterministic connection between the slopegradient and unconfined compression strength (UCS) as a lithological factor and on describing the nature of this connection. Moreover, the AA
and the semi-consolidated material of the Palaeogene and Neogene molasse sediments. Evident correlation can be shown between the UCS and the relative frequency of the slopegradient.
Variations in slope components during large magnitude floods, Wisconsin
for energy slope, involves unknown degrees of error. This research shows that energy gradients are generally overpredicted by both water surface slope (mean = 44 percent) and map slope (mean = 11 percent).
Many paleodischarge reconstruction techniques assume one-to-one correspondence between water surface slope and slope measured from a topographic map. The assumption that map slope or water surface slope, however, can be directly substituted
The data of rainfall simulation experiments on a sandy loam and a loamy sand were compared to assess the effect of slope length on the soil loss from short slopes. The experimental results indicated that the slope length effect is different
The effect of slope on interrill erosion at short slopes
Beijing ; China ; Rainfall simulation ; Rill wash ; Slopegradient ; Soil erosion ; Splash ; Water erosion
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of slopegradient on soil erosion and determine the splash contribution to interrill erosion at short steep slopes. An experimental device was used to make simultaneous measurements of interrill
splash and wash at various slopes under a constant rainfall intensity in a laboratory setting. The results indicate that upslope splash loss was a very important component of the total splash loss on gentle slopes and may be neglected on slopes greater
than 36%. Splash transport was a significant part of interrill sediment delivery at short steep slopes.
Recently two types of mapping methods are being used for the more usefulness. One is the mapping of the slopegradient unit and the other is the mapping of the morph-genetic unit. The A. discusses on the problem of the smallest size of mapping unit
needed in practical use and the characteristics of hill-slope geomorphology in Japan.
This paper reports a set of field rainfall simulation experiments conducted in the hilly loess region, North China designed to investigate the effects of surface crusting and slopegradient on soil and water losses. Specifically, the objectives
are 1) to determine the effects of antecedent crusting and sealing on soil and water losses under simulated rainfall; and 2) to establish the influence of slopegradient on soil and water losses under crusted and uncrusted conditions.
Effects of slope angle on mass movement by tree uprooting
Forest ; Mass movement ; Michigan ; Regression analysis ; Sandy soil ; Slope ; Slope dynamics ; Slopegradient ; United States of America
An examination of 189 well-delineated mounds and pits in sandy soils of northern lower Michigan, all presumably formed by tree uprooting, was used to determine the effects of slope angle on morphology and volume, and to assess the potential
importance of uprooting to mass movement. Data indicate that mound and pit volumes increase with increasing slope angle, suggesting that on gentle slopes more of the disturbed soil wastes off the mound, back into the new pit.
Assessing the influence of mountain slope morphology on pediment form, South-Central Arizona
Alluvial cone ; Arid area ; Arizona ; Digital elevation model ; Geomorphology ; Mountain ; Numerical model ; Pediment ; Principal components analysis ; Slopegradient ; United States of America
The aim of this research is to determine if certain geomorphic characteristics of mountain slopes backing bedrock pediments and alluvial slopes discriminate their occurrence at the slope base. Principal component analysis results indicate mountain
slopes above bedrock pediments differ significantly from those above alluvial slopes.
Ecological gradients along slopes of the northern Negev Highlands, Israel
Arid area ; Ecosystem ; Infiltration ; Israel ; Negev ; Nitrogen ; Phytomass ; Rill wash ; Slopegradient ; Soil properties ; Soil water ; Vegetation ; Watershed
events within the study site highlight a runoff-gradient pattern along the slope. Water harvesting experiments were also conducted on the slopes of the watershed. Five tree species were used for planting within the minicatchments.
Soil development along an elevational gradient in the southeastern Uinta Mountains, Utah, USA
Altitudinal zonation ; Clay mineral ; Ecosystem ; Lithology ; Loess ; Mountain ; Pedogenesis ; Plant canopy ; Slopegradient ; Soil properties ; United States of America ; Utah
The AA. sampled replicate profiles in dominant vegetational communities and landforms in the alpine, subalpine, and upper ecoclimatic zones of the south slope of the eastern Uintas. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution
and thickness of the silt mantle and its effect on soil development along an elevational gradient.
Slope aspect, slope length and slope inclination controls of shallow soils vegetated by sclerophyllous heath - links to long-term landscape evolution
Australia ; Biogeography ; Heath ; Impact ; New South Wales ; Sandstone ; Slope ; Slope dynamics ; Slopegradient ; Soil erosion ; Vegetation
On upland Triassic sandstone slopes of the western Blue Mountains in Southeastern Australian highlands, nonswamp, sclerophyllous heath (shrub-dominated vegetation) on shallow soils is commonly found downslope and adjacent to sclerophyllous forest
on deeper soils. The AA. test the strength of the relationship between aspect and heath/shallow soil distribution, and consider other possible controls related to erosion thresholds and slope inclination. Shallow soils vegetated by heath are more strongly
controlled by topographic factors other than slope aspect and the influence of aspect on long-term landform evolution is overwhelmed by other processes as landscape dissection increases.
Drainage density on progressively tilted surfaces with different gradients, Wheeler Ridge, California
California ; Drainage ; Drainage network ; Erosion ; Numerical model ; Photointerpretation ; Slope ; Slopegradient ; Tectonics ; United States of America ; Vertical movement
. The relationship between drainage density and slope is subsequently investigated, and it is shown that the form of this relationship depends upon the process which dominates hillslope erosion.
The objectives of this study were to anlyse the effect of slope angle on interrill erosion for different plot sizes and to identify possible detachment and transport processes involved in the interactions between slope, rain characteristics and plot
size. Runoff rate, flow velocity and sediment delivery were measured in the field under different slopes and plot sizes for both natural and simulated rainfall. Rain-impacted flow conditions were also compared to flow conditions only.
The influence of slope aspect on soil weathering processes in the Springerville volcanic field, Arizona
Arizona ; Geochemistry ; Pedogenesis ; Slope ; Slopegradient ; United States of America ; Volcanic soil ; Volcanism ; Weathering
A comparison was made between soils on north- and south-facing slopes of cinder cones in the Springerville volcanic field (SVF), in order to determine the influence of slope aspect on soil weathering processes. Accelerated rates of weathering
and soil development were found to occur in soils on south-facing slopes while no trend with aspect was found for eolian additions. Accelerated rates of weathering and soil development may influence cinder cone degradation and cone morphology.
The purpose of this study is to examine the mode and depth of an avalanche on a slope composed of cohesive granular materials in comparison with that composed of non-cohesive materials. Results and conclusions of the laboratory tilting tests
Slope geometry resulting from the spatial variation of soil permeability
Mass movement ; Model ; Permeability ; Slope ; Slope dynamics ; Slopegradient ; Soil erosion ; Soil properties ; Splash
In a series of computer simulations the question is treated: what is the impact of spatial differences in infiltration on long-term slope development? The computations suggest that different slope profils can be created under ensystemic conditions
not pnly by process-specific charakteristics but also due to differences in infiltration. For example, a convex sllope profil is formed, if there is declining infiltration along slope length. Increasing infiltration downslope results in a concave slope
profile whereas constant infiltration yields a more or less rectilinear slope profile.