Slopes and slopes processes : research over the past decade
Bibliography ; Computing ; Digital elevation model ; Model ; Research ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Slope gradient ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Years 1990-99
This particular time period has seen considerable wide-ranging advances in slope research. There has been an almost complete turnaround in the approach taken towards slope research. Two linked themes provide the principal focus for this article
. First, recognition of the importance of differentiated soil profiles (and vegetation) to slope development that has underpinned much recent research. Secondly, the development of computational techniques that has enabled such research to be promoted
, as both larger (long-term slope development) and smaller (detailed soil profile hydrology) scales can be tackled using state-of-the-art hardware and software.
To examine running distance of debris flows occurring on the talus slopes, rainfall experiments were carried out. The quantity Vt is defined as the reciprocal of the threshold value of Lc/Lt at which debris flows just reach the bottom of the talus
slope, where Lc is the horizontal length of the cliff and Lt is the horizontal length of the talus slope. The value of Vt is also a measure of the possibility of sedimentary outflow from the talus slope by debris flow. The value of Vt shows strong
correlation with the hydraulic conductivity of talus sediment (K) and the rainfall intensity (It). The outflow of debris from the talus slope can be predicted using the values of Lc, Lt, K, and It.
dynamical systems (NDS) theory, the approaches to determining the Lyapunov exponents, the predictable timescale and the stability criterion of the evolutional state of landslide are given. A case study of the Xintan slope is presented to illustrate
A nonlinear dynamical model for the evolution of landslide is proposed. The parameters of this model are obtained through an improved iterative algorithm of inversion developed in the paper. Based on the nonlinear dynamical model and nonlinear
the capability and merit of the nonlinear dynamic model.
Regolith stripping and the control of shallow translational hillslope failure : application of a two-dimensional coupled soil hydrology-slope stability model, Hawke's Bay, New Zealand
Geotechnics ; Hydrology ; Landslide ; Model ; New Zealand ; North Island ; Precipitation ; Regolith ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Soil moisture ; Threshold
This paper explores the hypothesised influence of progressive regolith stripping and redeposition on slope failure using a recently developed process-based model. This model couples dynamic hydrology with slope stability analysis, allowing to relax
the previous assumption concerning the role of pore water pressures on slope stability. The model is then used to investigate both changing triggering thresholds as well as changing mechanisms for slope instability in New Zealand hill country.
This study deals with the sliding processes which play a decisive role in the slope evolution of high banks. The sliding forms basically determine the morphological picture and the conditions of the erosion processes of the Hernác valley in NE
Simulated slope development sequences in a three-dimensional context
Downvalley sequences of slope profiles have been inferred to represent temporal sequences. Results from a simulation model are presented which demonstrate that for a slope system in dynamic equilibrium, the downvalley variation in form is best
Slope form and associations with ground boulder cover in arid environments, northeast Jordan
Arid area ; Grain size distribution ; Jordan ; Regression analysis ; Sediment transport ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Spatial variation
This study examines and quantifies spatial variations in slope profile shape and uses boulders as an index of relative sediment transport, by establishing the degree of clast burial from different plots located at points along the profile. The study
site is located in northeast Jordan, an arid landscape, characterised by a late Tertiary to early Quaternary basalt plateau, spreading across the foot-slopes of the Druz Mountains.
A model on the stability of slopes composed of granular materials
Mass movement ; Model ; Porosity ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Soil properties
The A. presents a new two-dimensional statical model to examine the mechanism of stability of slopes composed of granular materials. The model, named GSM, is based on the static equilibrium among particles, in which static equilibrium of each
materials is triggered by rotation of a particle at the slope surface, which caused some particles to lose their props successively.
Concept ; Erosion ; Mass movement ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Slope evolution
The paper deals with the control over slope evolution exerced by gravitative downslope movement of rock debris. A concept of saturated debris flow is introduced; the saturated flow accounts for interruption in the slope denudation. Along
with intentionally simplified models, the slopes are analysed which represent complex morpholithodynamic systems including elementary surfaces different in angles, but related to each other by the evolution processes. - (L'A.).
Recently two types of mapping methods are being used for the more usefulness. One is the mapping of the slope gradient unit and the other is the mapping of the morph-genetic unit. The A. discusses on the problem of the smallest size of mapping unit
needed in practical use and the characteristics of hill-slope geomorphology in Japan.
Dendrogeomorphological analysis of a slope near Lago, Calabria (Italy)
Calabria ; Dendrochronology ; Dendrology ; Historical geography ; Italy ; Mass movement ; Nineteenth Century ; Precipitation ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Twentieth Century
The dendrogeomorphological analysis has been used to investigate the periods of disturbance on a slope affected by deep-seated gravitational movements. The method proved to be of great help in determining the temporal sequence of diffused slope
Shear strength of the materials applied to the slope stability in a humid tropical environment (São Paulo, Brasil)
Brazil ; Shear stress ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Slope gradient ; São Paulo ; Threshold ; Tropical zone
The subject of this paper is to evaluate the thresholds for the hillslopes stability, combing a usual limit equilibrium method with the infinite slope analysis. For to reach this purpose was necessary to make measures of shearing stresses
Rock slope failures associated with deglaciation : some examples from glaciated valleys in the Swiss Alps
Alps (The) ; Deglaciation ; Geochronology ; Glacial valley ; Mass movement ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Postglacial ; Slopedynamics ; Switzerland
This paper describes some possible examples of paraglacial slope failures, based on observations in the Swiss Alps, and proposes several types and magnitudes of slope response to deglaciation, which may reflect lithology, geological structure, pre
-deglaciation topography and the magnitude of deglaciation. Slope failures are broadly classified into new (post-Little Ice Age) and old (postglacial) features.
Analysis of hydrological processes in unstable clayey slopes
Clay ; France ; Hydrogeology ; Jura ; Landslide ; Precipitation ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Soil water
that hydrometeorological changes have on slope stability. The data gathered in this project formed the starting point of this thesis. In this thesis the hydrological processes in clayey slopes susceptible to landsliding are analysed. - (AGD)
The importance of earthquake-induced landslides to long-term slope erosion and slope-failure hazards in seimically active regions
California ; Earthquake ; Erosion rate ; Hawaii ; Landslide ; Methodology ; New Zealand ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Soil erosion ; United States
triggered landslides as well as measure of the importance of this process to regional slope-erosion rates and landscape evolution. Comparisons with other slope processes indicate that earthquake-induced landslides are the predominant agents of slope erosion
Linking weathering and rock slope instability : non-linear perspectives
Biogenic process ; Duricrust ; Freezing ; Mass movement ; Rockfall ; Slope ; Slopedynamics ; Weathering
Weathering is linked complexly to the erosion and evolution of rock slopes. Weathering influences both the strength of rock slopes and the stresses that act upon them. While weathering has often been portrayed in an over-simplified way by those
studying rock slope instability, in reality it consists of multiple processes, acting over different spatial and temporal scales, with many complex inter-linkages. Through a demonstration of the sources of non-linearities in rock slope weathering systems
and their implications for rock slope instability, this paper proposes five key linkages worthy of further study.
Arid area ; California ; Dating ; Desert ; Geomorphometry ; Isotope dating ; Pleistocene ; Slope deposit ; Slopedynamics ; Slope gradient ; United States of America
The AA. employed rhyolite domes formed during the past million years in eastern California to study the evolution of boulder-dominated slopes. The slopes studied are steep and are made of coarse, boulder-sized blocks. These slopes include well
microlaminae, to produce a detailed million-year-long slope development history with broad implications for geomorphic theory.
In this paper the AA. draw attention to a rarer kind of talus slopes, the ones mostly formed by flat stones as building blocks. One case study in Norway is examined as an example typifying the properties of flat-blocks taluses. From comparisons
of the geometrical characteristics and grain size distribution with taluses of the same rock type formed by regular blocks, remarkable differences are found, especially concerning the slope angle and the size distribution of blocks as a function of the distance from
the headwall. To understand the formation dynamics of flat-block taluses, the AA. also carried out some simple experiments with flat blocks falling onto an experimental board.