The aim of this book is to investigate the role of remote sensing in understanding and modelling land degradation processes. The research was carried out in the southern part of Ardèche province in France. Several degradation features are found
in this region, a test site of the EC for experiments with airborne imaging spectrometers. - (AGD)
Deterioration processes on archaelogical sites of Chellah and Oudayas (world cultural heritage, Rabat, Morocco) restoration test and recommendations
Archéologie ; Géologie appliquée ; Lutte contre l'érosion ; Maroc ; Météorisation ; Patrimoine culturel ; Rabat ; Site archéologique
Applied geology ; Archaeology ; Archeological site ; Cultural patrimony ; Erosion control ; Morocco ; Weathering
The Kasbahs of Chellah and Oudayas are the most important archaeological Roman and Islamic sites of the imperial city Rabat. An interdisciplinary analysis involving different geological disciplines and environmental factors was performed
to introduce an innovative restoration method intended to reduce their progressive degradation. Gravitational instability (e.g. Oudayas) and erosion (e.g. Chellah) from fluvial-littoral geomorphological processes, regional seismicity, and certain anthropic
activities are the main degradation processes to be reduced by following the proposed recommendations. The urban water quality to be used for restoration may require the application of special cements and mortars for restoration. - (NF)
Far from being the product of a monolithic culture, regional forestry or agrosilvipastoral landscapes are social products which have been described in a plurality of ways. They represent sites of contestation and cooperation for human agents
Soil organic matter and land degradation in semi-arid area, Israel
Soil organic matter (SOM) was monitored at 5 sites along a climatic transect extending from the Judean Mountains to the Dead Sea. The A. aims at analyzing the typical characteristics of SOM in different climatic regions, and analyzing deviations
from these characteristics as indication of soil structure deterioration and land degradation.
Allemagne de l'Ouest ; Décharge publique ; Déchet ; France ; Géographie humaine ; Ile-de-France ; Ordure ménagère ; Reboisement ; Royaume-Uni ; Sitedégradé ; Suisse ; Urbanisme ; Utilisation du sol
Etude du problème posé par les décharges en Ile-de-France, notamment le reboisement des sitesdégradés. Comparaison avec quelques exemples étrangers (Royaume-Uni, Allemagne de l'Ouest, Suisse). (Vnm).
The Rhino Camp for the Sudanese refugees in North-Western Uganda was established on sites of an ecologically importance. Despite certain negative impacts associated with the settlement of tens of thousands of people in this area, it’s natural
environment has not been degraded or deprived of its ecological attributes. - (BJ)
Soil erosion at three experimental sites in the Mediterranean
Agricultural land use ; Arid area ; Europe ; Greece ; Italy ; Mediterranean area ; Rill wash ; Sediment budget ; Slope ; Soil degradation ; Soil erosion ; Spain ; Vegetation
The basic objectives of this study are to interpret the runoff and sediment yield results derived from 3 field sites in the Mediterranean basin, (Italy, Greece, Spain), under comparable bioclimatic conditions. The conclusions from the erosion
studies carried out at each of the 3 sites can possibly be applied in finding solutions for soil erosion problems in the Mediterranean basin.
In this study, four wetland sites and one degraded wetland site in the Zoigê alpine wetland, located at the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, were selected to investigate the relationships of stable isotope and labile organic carbon dynamics with groundwater
. The results showed that the plant dominant species in the degraded wetland site were different from those in the non-degraded wetland sites. The regression analysis showed that LFOC was the best potential indicator of SOC dynamics with WSOC and soil δ13C being
elevation or water table level. The AA.also examine if the δ13C abundance, soil water soluble organic carbon (WSOC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), can be used as potential indicators of soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in these wetland sites
The effects of restoration on soil properties in degraded land in the semi-arid region of Turkey
Arid area ; Erosion control ; Plantation ; Semi-arid area ; Soil ; Soil degradation ; Soil properties ; Tree ; Turkey
), which were used for rehabilitation of the semi-arid eroded sites in this area. As a result: Although these species didn't showed good growth in the study area black locust plantation (BLP) and mixed species plantation (MSP) had a positive impact
on surface soil properties in clay soils in eroded sites.
Reconnaissance surveys of contemporary permafrost environments in central Iceland using geoelectrical methods : implications for permafrost degradation and sediment fluxes
Four different sites in the highlands of central Iceland have been investigated for permafrost occurrence using two-dimensional resistivity imaging. The results of the surveys indicate the presence of shallow permafrost of low to medium resistivity
. The distribution pattern is spatially heterogeneous which is consistent with permafrost at the fringe of seasonal frost. These sites are likely to react rapidly to changes of the environmental boundary conditions, therefore future research should include monitoring
for detecting the early impact of climate change on permafrost degradation.
Cet article étudie les potentialités de stockage du carbone dans 2 forêts plus ou moins dégradées au Sénégal : les forêts de Delbi et Paniates, en zone nord-soudanienne. Les résultats montrent que les 2 sites possèdent des quantités de carbone
largement inférieures à celles estimées dans un 3ème site, situé dans un environnement similaire, mais moins dégradé. L'exploitation clandestine du bois et de ses produits dérivés ainsi que la pratique de l'agriculture dans les zones protégées semblent être
Deriving indicators of soil degradation from soil aggregation studies in southeastern Spain and southern France
Aggregate ; Ecosystem ; Erodibility ; France ; Infiltration ; Land use ; Mediterranean area ; Murcia ; Semi-arid area ; Soil ; Soil degradation ; Soil properties ; Spain ; Vegetation
Soil degradation is perceived as a major threat in the Mediterranean region due to changes in land-use and possible future climate change. In this paper, an attempt is made to give an overview of soil aggregation from different semi-natural
or abandoned sites, and to assess whether soil aggregation might be considered as a key-indicator for up-scaling and of sensitivity to environmental changes.
A ten-year record (1999-2009) of annual mean ground surface temperatures (MGSTs) and mean ground temperatures (MGTs) was analysed for 16 monitoring sites in Jotunheimen and on Dovrefjell, southern Norway. Warming has occurred at sites with cold
permafrost, marginal permafrost and deep seasonal frost. Ongoing permafrost degradation is suggested both by direct temperature monitoring and indirect geophysical surveys. Increased snow depths and an increase in winter air temperatures appear to be the most
important factors controlling warming observed over the ten-year period. Geophysical surveys performed in 1999 to delineate the altitudinal limit of mountain permafrost were repeated in 2009 and 2010 and indicated the degradation of some permafrost over
The adjustment of channel geometry and phases of channel evolution are characterized by six process-oriented stages of morphologic development : premodified, constructed, degradation, threshold, aggradation, and restabilization. Downcutting and toe
removal during the degradation stage causes bank failure by mass wasking when the critical height and angle of the bank material is exceeded (threshold stage). Channel widening continues through the aggradation stage as the slough line develops
as an initial site of lower-bank stability. Alternate channel bars form during the restabilization stage and represent incipient meandering of the channel.
Environmental degradation ; Extractive industry ; Industry ; Landscape ; Quarry ; Restructuring process ; Soil ; Vegetation
Liées à l'industrie du bâtiment, les carrières et les gravières se sont beaucoup développées depuis cinquante ans. Elles sont devenues problématiques pour l'environnement. Des mesures sont prises pour revégétaliser les sites et réhabiliter les
Reducing nonpoint source pollution from construction sites using rapid seeding and mulching
Nonpoint source pollution is the leading cause of water quality degradation in the United States, and construction sites are a major source of nonpoint source pollution in developing areas. Using field sampling of runoff from treated and untreated
sites in North Royalton, Ohio, as well as computer modeling based on site condition maps, the AA. found that rapid application of surface cover dramatically reduced both the amount of sedimment generated by surface erosion and the concentration and total
Influence of soil properties on the aggregation of some Mediterranean soils and the use of aggregate size and stability as land degradation indicators
Aggregate ; Alicante ; Clay mineral ; Grain size distribution ; Indicator ; Mediterranean area ; Organic materials ; Soil ; Soil degradation ; Soil erosion ; Soil properties ; Soil water ; Spain
Soil aggregation in relation to other soil properties was studied along a climatological transect in the Southeast of Spain. Three sites were selected along this transect ranging from semiarid to subhumid climatological conditions. The aggregate
Aquatic ecosystem ; Auckland ; Environmental degradation ; Habitat ; Impact ; New Zealand ; North Island ; Sediment transport ; Stream ; Urban environment ; Urbanization ; Watershed
Analysis was carried out at 27 sites in the Twin Streams catchment in West Auckland. The method successfully recorded the extent of degradation of physical structure following European settlement of the catchment. With the exception of one
subcatchment, streams were found to be largely intact in the headwaters. Geomorphic conditions is more degraded in downstream areas. Fine-grained sediment has smothered stream courses in the lower half of the catchment, covering bed material and creating