Sexoffenders, housing and spatial restriction zones
Geographical information system ; Housing ; Ohio ; Public policy ; Sexoffenders ; Social control ; Spatial analysis ; Spatial restriction ; United States of America
The purpose of the restriction zones (SRZ) is to help protect children and minimize their exposure to convicted sexoffenders living in the community. If the implementation of SRZ dramatically reduces viable housing options for registered sex
offenders, there are concerns that offenders will be forced to reside in socially disorganized areas that may encourage recidivism. The paper explores the demographic and socioeconomic differences between areas inside and outside SRZs. Implications
Sexoffender residential movement patterns : a Markov chain analysis
This article analyzes residential movement patterns of registered sexoffenders in Hamilton County, Ohio, over a three-year period (2005–2007). Results indicate a 46 percent reduction in offenders violating spatial restriction zone policy
as compared to a counterfactual case where offenders move as a function of housing distributions. Strong legacy effects are also found as offenders previously in violation of restriction policies move into other restricted zones at a higher rate than offenders
who were previously in compliance with the policy. Parcels in restricted zones continue to attract offenders at a higher rate than expected, despite the policy restrictions.
Spatial is special: a socio-geographic profile of offenders in the city of Tshwane, South Africa
The spatial origin and development of criminal offenders in Tshwane indicate that location is an important risk factor for criminal offending. Different patterns emerge for the location of economic, violence and sexual offenders, but particular
suburbs stand out with higher rates of offenders from the remainder of the metropolis. - (AJC)
Sexoffenders and residential location : a predictive-analytical framework
Forecast ; Kentucky ; Location ; Neighbourhood ; Public policy ; Residential choice ; Sexoffenders ; Social geography ; Sociological integration ; Spatial analysis ; Spatial distribution ; United States of America ; Urban area
Criminal neighbourhoods : does the density of prior offenders in an area encourage others to commit crime?
This paper explores whether the density of prior offenders in a neighbourhoods has an influence on the propensity of others to (re)commence offending in Glasgow. It shows that the number of ‘newly active’ offenders in a neighbourhood in the current
quarter is positively associated with the density of prior offenders for both violent and property crime from the previous two years. In the case of newly active property offenders, the relationship with active prior offenders is apparent only when prior
offender counts exceed the median. The paper postulates that intraneighbourhood social mechanisms may be at work to create these effects. The results suggest that policies which concentrate offenders in particular neighbourhoods may increase the number
of newly active offenders, and point to evidence of a threshold at which these effects take place.
Urban poverty traps : neighbourhoods and violent victimisation and offending in Nairobi, Kenya
This project examines violent victimisation and offending in poor urban neighbourhoods in Nairobi, Kenya. Results demonstrate that there is a positive relationship between residential stability and violent victimization by strangers and it shows