Sediment yield and spurious correlation. Toward a better portrayal of the annual suspended-sedimentload of rivers
Two alternative methods for portraying the annual suspended-sedimentload of a river are suggested. One method consists of plotting supended-sedimentload (tons per year) against distance downstream. Such plots indicate that annual suspended
-sedimentload does not necessarily have a linear relationship with distance. The second method consists of plotting annual suspended-sedimentload against drainage-basin area. Both methods more accurately portray fundamental relations between annual
sedimentload and drainage-basin characteristics than does the yield-area relation because spurious correlation is avoided.
Annual variation ; Bulgaria ; Data base ; Drainage network ; Human impact ; Hydraulic works ; Sediment budget ; Statistics ; Stream ; Suspended load
This paper reports the results of continuing studies of sedimentloads in Bulgarian rivers, with the purpose of elucidating the natural and regional distribution of natural and anthropogenic changes in sedimentload through time.
A load cell based continuous recording bedload trap
England ; Instrumentation ; Research technique ; Sampling ; Sedimentload ; Sediment transport ; Stream ; United Kingdom
This paper reviews the design and performance of pit-type bedload traps that use pressure pillow and load cell systems to measure the accumulation of sediment. A low coast load cell bedload sampler design is presented. Temperature correction
is shown to be necessary for each load cell. The results of laboratory and field calibration are presented and design improvements suggested. Field data output is illustrated.
The effects of hurricane Hugo on suspended-sedimentloads, Lago Loιza basin, Puerto Rico
Dam ; Hurricane ; Precipitation ; Puerto Rico ; Rill wash ; Sediment transport ; Suspended load ; Watershed
The sediment data that were collected during Hurricane Hugo (five sediment stations and 11 rain gauges were operating in the Lago Loιza basin) presented an opportunity to quantify the transport of suspended-sedimentloads into Lago Loιza
Measurements of suspended and dissolved loads in this watershed suggest that deforestation and agricultural activities increase the rates of erosion by a factor of five to ten. - (DWG)
Sediment transport, delta growth and sedimentation in Lake Nigardsvatn, Norway
Delta ; Glacial erosion ; Glacier retreat ; Lacustrine sedimentation ; Lake ; Norway ; Proglacial lake ; Sedimentload ; Sediment transport ; Suspended load ; Varves
Charge en suspension ; Charge solide ; Delta ; Erosion glaciaire ; Lac ; Lac proglaciaire ; Norvège ; Recul du glacier ; Sédimentation lacustre ; Transport sédimentaire ; Varve
The lake, Nigardsvatn, has been studied since 1968 in order to obtain data on solid material carried by the meltwater stream from the glacier, both in suspension and as bottom load. Between 70 and 85% of the suspended sediment has been deposited
on the lake bottom, forming annual varves. The coarse material has been deposited in a delta, the formation of which started in 1968. Its growth, and hence the volume of total annual bottom load, has been surveyed annually for the past 36 years. In 1969
the entire bottom load was collected by building a fence-like net across the river. If conditions remain constant, the lake will be completely filled in about 500 years.
Suspended sedimentload was analyzed in a small, high-gradient stream of the Eastern Italian Alps which was instrumented to measure discharge and sediment transport. The ratio of suspended to total sediment yield and the relations between sediment
concentration and water discharge were analyzed for 7 floods which occurred from 1991 to 1996 in summer and autumn. Different patterns of hysteresis in relation between suspended sediment and discharge were related to types and locations of active sediment
sources. An analysis of grain size has shown that erosion areas on hillslopes were the main sources of suspended load.
Discharge and sediment-load characteristics of the Hilda rock-glacier stream, Canadian Rocky Mountains, Alberta
Water discharge and sedimentload characteristics of the Hilda rock-glacier stream are described for portions of the 1985 and 1986 ablation seasons. The hydrological behavior of the Hilda rock-glacier stream suggests that the rock glacier acts
as a buffering factor in basin runoff as compared with a similar glacierized basin. In addition, the rock glacier acts conservatively in sediment release from the basin and promotes denudation by dissolution and material transport as dissolved load.
Suspended sedimentload estimation and the problem of inadequate data sampling : a fractal view
Fractals ; Mississippi ; Missouri ; Model ; Sampling ; Statistics ; Stream ; Suspended load ; United States of America ; Watershed
Use the notion of fractal theory to obtain important information regarding the possibility of temporal transformation of sedimentload data is the subject of this study. As a first step, daily suspended sedimentload data observed in the Mississippi
behaviour in the suspended sedimentload data, suggesting the possibility of transformation of data from one scale to another using a multi-dimensional model.
Measurement of bedload in rivers in Erosion and sediment yield : some methods of measurement and modelling.
Only in recent years have bed load data for rivers existed in sufficient quantity and reliability to facilitate a better understanding of the bedload transport process. Data for the East Fork River, Wyoming indicate that when sand-size particles
are dominant as bedload the bed load accounts for about half the total load. The examples of the Tanana, Snake and Clearwater Rivers indicate that for gravel bed rivers the bed load probably accounts for less than 10 % of the total load.
Understanding watershed suspended sediment transport
Bibliography ; Forecast ; Methodology ; Model ; Statistics ; Suspended load ; Water quality ; Watershed ; Years 2000-2009
This paper synthesizes a variety of methods adopted in suspended sediment monitoring, estimation and modelling for understanding sediment transport processes and determining the suspended sedimentload. Methods for sediment monitoring are described
in terms of direct and indirect approaches. Different approaches toward the establishment of a sediment rating curve are examine thoroughly. Techniques of sediment modelling are summarized via depiction of various hydrological and sediment models
at the watershed scale. The paper ends with the discussion of future developments in suspended sediment studies at the watershed scale.
This paper summarizes the results of investigation of the pebble bed load (PBL) with d > 10 mm at the Gezhouba Project and makes proposals for analyzing the characteristics of the PBL by using the geological and geomorphological method
The suspended sediment discharge of the River Euphrates at Haditha, Iraq : an assessment of the potential for establishing sediment rating curves
The results presented indicate that in this case, suspended sediment rating curves established using infrequent samples (2 - 4 samples per month) can be employed to provide estimates of annual loads and of mean annual loads which are within 20
% and 5 % of the actual loads respectively. This level of accuracy is likely to be acceptable for most applications.
The results of four-year measurement of suspended sediments in the Holedeč profile at the Blšanka river in the NW Bohemia. The main attention is paid to the typology of the individual regime situation and to geochemical analysis of suspended
sediment particles and active bank sediments. - (MS)
Suspended sedimentload in the Amazon Basin : an overview
The central objective of this report is to summarize the available sediment and sediment transport data for the Amazon River and its major tributaries and to present some previously unpublished data.
Relationship between suspended sedimentload, channel geometry and land area increment in the Yellow River Delta
Channel geometry ; China ; Delta ; Environmental management ; Huang He ; Human impact ; Hydraulic works ; Sediment transport ; Stream ; Suspended load
The aims of this work are : to determine what is the critical suspended sedimentload needed in order to maintain the land balance of the Yellow River Delta for 2 periods before and after 1976 (the last time the channel shifted); and to examine
the variation in the channel geometry and gradient in response to changes in sedimentload and delta area at the river mouth. These results are of importance for the management of the lower Yellow River channel and the delta.
This paper presents a comparison of different fractional bed-material load computation methods in sand-bed channels. These methods include the direct computation by size fraction approach of Einstein, Laursen and Toffaleti; the bed material fraction
In order to characterise the present river bed load sources, sediment transport and sedimentary connectivity, a study was conducted to document the compositional continuum of the lower 300 km portion of the river. Bed load samples were collected
. This is further supported by the sedimentary budget calculated from the annual sedimentary input derived from erosion rates of the river banks, from sediment bed load measurements at 3 gauging stations and from calculated bed load transport capacity at these 3
Euclidean distance coefficients were also calculated between consecutive samples along the river revealing major bed load compositional breaks. These results indicate a longitudinal fractionation of the bed load along the 300 km course of the river