Salinity problem of groundwater in the Wadi Tharad Basin, Saudi Arabia
Aquifer ; Arid area ; Evaporation ; Hydrochemistry ; Hydrogeology ; Irrigation ; Risk ; Salinity ; Saudi Arabia
In Wadi Tharad the groundwater has been subjected to hydrochemical study to identify the process (s) that led to the formation of relatively highly saline water in shallow alluvial aquifer. The chemical analyses results show that the groundwater
salinity was highly variable and randomly distributed along the wadi course. This variation could be attributed to intensive evaporation on effluent prone surface irrigation water that led to precipitation of evaporates. The intensive irrigation practice
through mineral dissolution recharged the groundwater with a marked increase in the salinity.
Climatic relationships to Chesapeake Bay salinity during southern oscillation extremes
Atlantic Ocean ; Atmospheric dynamics ; Climate oscillation ; Climatic variability ; Ecosystem ; Estuary ; Impact ; Maryland ; North Atlantic Ocean ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Salinity ; Teleconnection ; United States of America
Monthly cool-season salinity over the period 1958 to 1991 period is analyzed for the Chesapeake Bay (CB), and the salinity variations are associated with low-frequency 500 hPa flow variations and with extremes of the Southern Oscillation (SO
). Results identify a significant decrease in mean CB surface salinity. As the SO is responsible for such a large portion of interannual climate variability worldwide, it is important to establish a baseline relationship for CB salinity so that El Niño
Dryland salinity on the Dundas Tableland : a historical appraisal
Arid area ; Australia ; Historical geography ; Human impact ; Land use ; Model ; Nineteenth Century ; Phreatic ground water ; Salinity ; Victoria ; Water balance
Two historical premises of the hydro-equilibrium model as applied to the Dundas Tableland are challenged : firstly, that dryland salinity is secondary, or induced by European settlement; and, secondly, that reasons for significant evapotranspirative
Dryland salinity on the Dundas Tableland : a historical appraisal
Arid area ; Australia ; Drought ; Ecosystem ; Environmental management ; Historical geography ; Human impact ; Hydrogeology ; Land use ; Model ; Salinity ; Vegetation dynamics ; Victoria
The groundwater recharge-discharge model, or hydro-equilibrium model, has driven Victoria dryland salinity research for the last 30 years. This paper challenges its application to the Dundas Tableland, south-western Victoria, on historical grounds
of dryland salinity, and, by implication, to inform other environmental debates.
Eau souterraine ; Encroûtement ; Etats-Unis ; Micromorphologie ; Milieu humide ; Nebraska ; Pédogenèse ; Sel ; Sol salin
Duricrust ; Groundwater ; Humid environment ; Micromorphology ; Nebraska ; Pedogenesis ; Saline soil ; Salt ; United States of America
; 3) interpret the origin of salts crusts, salt flats, and saline wetlands using modern scientific data and historical accounts; and 4) compare pedological features of the Salt Basin with other soils in the surrounding area and with similar surface
A 200,000-year record of change in oxygen isotope composition of sulfate in a saline sediment core, Death Valley, California
Arid area ; California ; Carbonate ; Geochemistry ; Lacustrine sediment ; Lake level ; Oxygen 18 ; Palaeo-environment ; Quaternary ; Salinity ; United States of America
The diatom stratigraphy of a 23-m sediment core from Lake Tilo, a maar lake in the Ethiopan Rift Valley, provides a 10,000-yr record of lake salinity and trophic status. The results show that the lake remained relatively fresh throughout the early
Arctic Region ; Barents Sea ; Fluvial water ; Heat exchange ; Marine hydrology ; Salinity ; Sea water ; Seasonal variation ; Water exchange ; Water mass ; Water temperature ; White Sea