Cirque ; Classification ; Geomorphogenesis ; Glacier ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Rock glacier
Several contentions issues have arisen from rock glacier nomenclature, for example whether the term rock glacier implies genesis from glacial ice or from permafrost. The situation is compounded since rock glacier classification may be based
on several different parameters, some of which are measured and quantified, others inferred. These include: gross morphology, dynamics, processes of formation, location, internal characteristics, thermal regime and age. The distinction is made between rock
The morphological features and environmental conditions of rock glaciers in Tianshan Mountains
China ; Geochronology ; Glacier ; High mountain ; Moraine ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Photointerpretation ; Rock glacier ; Slope ; Xinjiang
Rock glaciers are developed at permafrost areas of periglacial environment in Tianshan Mountains. Based on field surveying and air-photo interpretation, the paper discusses the shape, characteristics of supply area, formation conditions
and environmental differentiations of rock glaciers at head area of Urmqi River in Kalawuchen Range and the head areas of Touado River and Danangou River in Yilanhabierga Range at Shawan County. Formation conditions and morphological characteristics of rock glaciers
Rock-weathering by the lichen Lecidea auriculata in an arctic alpine environment
Scanning electron microscopy reveals that Lecidea auriculata penetrates rock surfaces, detaching, incorporating and expelling flakes of rock. Measurements on an age sequence of moraine ridges illustrate changes in the extent and intensity
of weathering over time. The spatial pattern of weathering is influenced by the narrow ecological range of the species. Surface rocks on dry, exposed sites are probably weathering much more rapidly than those in adjacent damp hollows and beneath snowpatches.
Preliminary results from the lichenometric study of the Nautardálur rock glacier, Tröllaskagi, northern Iceland
Cold area ; Dating ; Glacier ; Iceland ; Lichenometry ; Moraine ; Palaeo-environment ; Rock glacier
such as boulder size, aspect, inclination, stability and the proximity to semi-permanent snow-patches and streams. 2) to determine a time-scale over with rock glacier development took place. 3) to interpret the palaeoenvironmental conditions during rock glacier
Ecological perspectives on rock surface weathering: towards a conceptuual model
A wide range of information is now available on the ecology of rock surface microorganisms and lichens and their role in weathering in particular locations. External environmental conditions as well as rock characteristics determine the type of rock
Glacial valley cross-profile development: the influence of in situ rock stress and rock mass strength, with examples from the Southern Alps, New Zealand
The potential influence of in situ rock stress regimes, rock mass strength of the slope rock, and subaerial processes are considered here in some simple models of glacial trough cross-profiles from the vicinity of the main divide of the New Zealand
Rapid formation of rock varnish and other rock coatings on slag deposits near Fontana, California
Manganiferous rock varnish, silica glaze and iron skins have formed on 20- to 40-year-old slag piles near Fontana, southern California. Rapid rock-varnish formation is associated with an unidentified cocci bacterium that grows rapidly in culturing
Rates of rock surface lowering, Princess Elizabeth Land, eastern Antarctica
A series of micro-erosion-meter sites on different rock types and in differing wind regimes was established and re-read after four years on two sites in the Larsemann and Vestfold Hills. These two oases in Eastern Antarctica are subjected to both
again the influence on dilatometrical behaviour of three principal factors which are considered by the majority of AA. as influencing frost shattering: the lithological characteristics of the rock, its saturation coefficent and the cooling rate.
Dissolved load budget of drainage basin systems on silicate rocks and land use in the Northern Eifel/Germany
The purpose of this paper is to estimate the influence of the land use and the water balance on the dissolved load budget in drainage basins on silicate rocks. The water balance in the Hohes Venn and the Rureifel areas is mainly influenced
Arid area ; Crystalline rocks ; Grain size distribution ; Granite ; Pediment ; Saudi Arabia ; Slope ; Slope gradient ; Statistics ; Surface deposits
The proposition that pediment slope is related to debris-size is shown to be flawed. This notion was examined on 15 traverses on rock-cut pediments in the southern Hijaz region of western Saudi Arabia. Complete particle size analyses
Australia ; Creep ; Earth surface processes ; Fault ; Geochronology ; New South Wales ; Rock mechanics ; Sandstone ; Seismic method ; Slope ; Slope dynamics
over which the blocks move, together with mounds, indicate that the block gliding is due to the rheological deformation of the underlying rock, even though it is a sandy siltstone lacking readily deformable beds. This phenomenon may be a significant