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Optimizing the spacing of feeder road systems

Optimizing the spacing of feeder road systems

Cultural heritage of roads and road landscapes : classification and insights on valuation

Cultural heritage of roads and road landscapes : classification and insights on valuation
Cultural patrimony ; Cultural studies ; Landscape ; Landscape evaluation ; Road
The article is aimed to present a framework for analysing the cultural heritage of the automobile roads and road landscapes consisting of the system for its classification and of identification of factors determining its cultural value

Information not data : future development of road weather information systems

Information not data : future development of road weather information systems
Applied climatology ; Climatic event ; Geographical information system ; Road ; Road traffic ; Sweden ; Weather forecast
Climatologie appliquée ; Prévision météorologique ; Risque climatique ; Route ; Suède ; Système d'information géographique ; Trafic routier
The Swedish Road Weather Information System is a tool for road winter maintenance giving warnings about risk of slipperiness and severe weather conditions. The system is based on climatological research at the University of Göteborg. Knowledge about
micro- and local climate variations is crucial when it comes to forecasting and giving warnings about different kinds of weather-related traffic disturbances. The progress of climatological research has made it possible to increase the use of road

Modelling road surface sediment production using a vector geographic information system

Modelling road surface sediment production using a vector geographic information system
Drainage ; Forecast ; Geographical information system ; Model ; Rill wash ; Road ; Road network ; Sediment budget ; Soil erosion ; Watershed ; West Indies
Antilles ; Bassin-versant ; Bilan sédimentaire ; Drainage ; Erosion des sols ; Modèle ; Prévision ; Route ; Ruissellement ; Réseau routier ; Système d'information géographique ; Virgin Islands
This paper presents field observations and the resultant model (ROADMOD) that integrates road data with a vector geographic information system (GIS) to predict the amount of sediment produced by unpaved road networks on St John. Predicted road

Erosion models and hydrogeomorphological functioning on hill-roads (Iberian System, La Rioja, Spain)

Erosion models and hydrogeomorphological functioning on hill-roads (Iberian System, La Rioja, Spain)
Several erosion processes have been detected on road-cuts of hill-roads. The relative significance of slides, severe sheet wash and incisions was determined in 59 sections of hill-roads. The application of multivariable methods (cluster
and discriminant analysis) has allowed to distinguish 3 models of geomorphological evolution on road-cuts that are related to different types of slope runoff regimes.

How wide is a road? The association of roads and mass-wasting in a forested montane environment

How wide is a road? The association of roads and mass-wasting in a forested montane environment
Data base ; Forest ; Geographical information system ; Human impact ; Hurricane ; Landslide ; Mountain ; Probability ; Puerto Rico ; Road ; Road network ; Statistics ; Tropical zone ; West Indies
Action anthropique ; Antilles ; Base de données ; Forêt ; Glissement de terrain ; Montagne ; Ouragan ; Porto Rico ; Probabilité ; Route ; Réseau routier ; Statistique ; Système d'information géographique ; Zone intertropicale
A spatial data base of 1609 landslides was analysed using a geographic information system to determine landslide frequency in relation to highways. The results indicate that the rate of mass-wasting disturbance is increased from 5 to 8 times
in a 170m wide swath along road corridors. The lateral extent of the environmental impact of roads in the study area is greater than is commonly perceived. The approach described herein demonstrates a simple method to assess the spatial association of mass

The functions of roads according to regional political criteria

The functions of roads according to regional political criteria
Austria ; Commuting ; Local labour market ; Residential location ; Road ; Road network ; Spatial organization ; Spatial structure ; Tourism ; Transport network
and social participation and utilization chances conveyed through the transport system. The function profiles form a fundamental input for the establishment of suitable constructive principles of road sections.
Regional political criteria are considered in the directions to road network construction. These networks are regarded as planning instruments and their various spatial functions are studied in Austria, as well as the corresponding economic

Les routes de France du XIXe siècle

Bridge ; France ; Historical geography ; Mountain ; Nineteenth Century ; Road ; Road system ; Road traffic ; Tunnel

Forest roads and geomorphic process interactions, Cascade Range, Oregon

Forest roads and geomorphic process interactions, Cascade Range, Oregon
Erosion control ; Flood ; Forest ; Geotechnics ; Impact ; Mass movement ; Mountain ; Oregon ; Rainstorm ; Road ; Sediment budget ; Soil erosion ; United States of America ; Watershed
, measured and analysed using geographic information systems and sediment budgets for the road network. The net effect of roads was an increase in basin-wide sediment production. Overall this study indicated that the nature of geomorphic processes influenced
A major flood in February 1996 triggered more than 100 geomorphic features affecting forest roads in a 181 km2 study area in the western Cascade Range, Oregon. Eight types of features, including mass movements and fluvial features, were mapped
by roads is strongly conditioned by road location and construction practices, basin geology and storm characteristics.

Mapová podpora zimní údržby komunikací

Cartography ; Czech Republic ; Forecast ; Information system ; Meteorology ; Road ; Winter
Cartographie ; Hiver ; Maintenance ; Météorologie ; Prévision ; Route ; Système d'information ; Tchèque république
The aim of this paper is to present road weather information system and map sources which can be used by winter maintenance system operator to clarify his perception of road meteorological situation in order to be able to take well-founded decision
while managing maintenance activities. Map outputs of the model forecasting the road condition and temperature are described in the last chapter. - (EN)

Galileo fait l'Europe

Cartography ; Comparative study ; Global Positioning System ; Remote sensing ; Road ; Road traffic
Présentation du système Galileo destiné à rendre des services à la radionavigation plus performants que ceux réalisés par le système GPS. - (EM)

Simulating the impact of road construction and forest harvesting on hydrologic response

Simulating the impact of road construction and forest harvesting on hydrologic response
Hydrologic and geomorphic effects of forest roads. Special issue
Drainage ; Evapotranspiration ; Forest ; Gully erosion ; Impact ; Model ; Oregon ; Rill wash ; Road ; Seasonal variation ; Simulation ; Soil moisture ; United States of America ; Watershed
To examine the role played by roads, the AA. incorporate a conceptual model of road impacts into a spatially distributed hydroecological modelling system, RHESSys. Simulations are developed for an experimental watershed in the H.J. Andrews
Experimental Forest in the Western Oregon Cascades. A range of scenarios is used to generate hypotheses about the variability of hydrologic response to roads. Simulation results are also compared with results from an empirical study in the H.J. Andrews

Understanding geographical variations in road traffic fatalities in South Africa

Understanding geographical variations in road traffic fatalities in South Africa
Behaviour ; Road ; Road accident ; Road traffic ; Social deprivation ; Socio-economic system ; South Africa ; Spatial differentiation ; Violence
South Africa faces an unprecedented burden of injuries from road traffic crashes, yet the distribution of these events has not been intensively studied. An examination of road traffic fatalities from 2002 to 2006 was undertaken with regard to a wide

Modelling of local climate for prediction of road slipperiness

Modelling of local climate for prediction of road slipperiness
Recent research for the Swedish Road Weather Information System (VVIS) is discussed along with a method for determining temperature variations attributable to topography during different weather situations. Topographical areas are classified
according to factors determining temperature differences. The investigation concentrates on areas where great temperature differences occur during different weather situations, producing a risk of local road slipperiness. Geographical factors analyzed

The role of feeder roads in promoting rural change in eastern Sierra Leone

The role of feeder roads in promoting rural change in eastern Sierra Leone
Enquête, par interviews, de l'impact du réseau de raccordement au système routier sur le développement rural.

The Leitch Committee's recommendations and the management of the road programme

The Leitch Committee's recommendations and the management of the road programme
Cadre d'évaluation ; Décision ; Gestion ; Géographie de l'Europe ; Leitch Committee ; Planification ; Processus de décision ; Route ; Royaume-Uni ; Système de jury

Railway operated road transport and the South African space economy

Railway operated road transport and the South African space economy
Afrique du Sud ; Economie spatiale ; Géographie de l'Afrique ; Siècle 20 ; Système de transport ; Transport ; Transport routier
Les chemins de fer de l'Afrique du Sud exploitent depuis 1912 un système de transport routier qui est devenu plus souple et plus complexe à mesure qu'il a évolué d'un service de ramassage en un système national complet. - (AJC)

Road and highway development in Northwestern Ontario, 1850 to 1990

Road and highway development in Northwestern Ontario, 1850 to 1990
Canada ; Historical geography ; Nineteenth Century ; Ontario ; Road ; Road infrastructure ; Transport network ; Transport system ; Transportation geography ; Twentieth Century
Canada ; Géographie des transports ; Géographie historique ; Infrastructure routière ; Ontario ; Route ; Siècle 19 ; Siècle 20 ; Système de transports ; Voie de communication
grandes routes jusqu'à la Trans-canadienne (1915-1945) puis de l'agrandissement du système routier pour atteindre les ressources minières, touristiques (après 1945).―(L. Dion).

Royal post-horse routes in England and Wales : the evolution of the network in the later-sixteenth and early-seventeenth century

England ; Historical geography ; Ireland ; Post ; Road ; Road network ; Road transport ; United Kingdom ; Wales
This paper analyses the accounts of the Master of the Posts which commence in 1566 in order to trace the evolution of the network, its extent and its cost in Treasury wages. The wider significance of the royal post-horse system is also considered.

Incorporating roads and footpaths in watershed-scale hydrologic and soil erosion models

Incorporating roads and footpaths in watershed-scale hydrologic and soil erosion models
Action anthropique ; Bassin-versant ; Equateur ; Erosion des sols ; Etats-Unis ; Modèle ; Précipitation ; Ruissellement ; Simulation de pluie ; Système d'information géographique ; Tennessee
Catchment area;Watershed ; Ecuador ; Geographical information system ; Human impact ; Model ; Precipitation ; Rainfall simulation ; Rill wash;Runoff ; Soil erosion ; Tennessee ; United States
This paper reviews watershed-scale modeling strategies and presents the results of rainfall simulation experiments conducted on paired path and non-paths sites in highland Ecuador and East Tennessee. The results show rural roads and footpaths
to be the most active runoff-generating components of inhabited mountain landscapes and provide preliminary quantitative and qualitative bases for incorporating the runoff and erosion-initiating effects of rural roads and paths in watershed models.

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