This research shows the changes occured in pluviometric variability in Benin. In effect, the comparative diagnosis of the number of rainy days, pluviometric indices and tendancies realised using the graphic method and the frequent analysis permit
to notice the changes in the statute of pluviometric variability over the periods 1941-1970 and 1971-2000. - (BJ)
A classification of the structure of the tropical atmosphere and related energy fluxes
Etude de la convection humide pour un secteur de la barbade en juillet-août 1968 (photographies des nuages du sol et par satellite, utilisation d'une centaine de pluviomètres, lancement de radiosondes toutes les trois heures, mesure des radiations à
Topographicrelations : developing a heuristic device for conceptualising networked relations
Les AA. étudient si le fait de recourir à une métaphore topographique peut ajouter de la valeur aux récents débats sur les relations en réseau. Le fait de voir ces relations comme une partie du paysage relationnel peut-il ajouter une troisième
We have studied the meteorological drought and the agricultural drought. We note more than 50 % of a deficit years. From the pluviometric limits of these four ranges (moderated year, drought year, very drought and hyper-drought), four maps were
Thermo-topographically induced winds in the boundary layer over the Etosha Pan
Boundary layer winds over the Etosha Pan in Namibia reveal a diurnal oscillation. An analysis of this phenomenon is presented with relation to synoptic forcing and thermo-topographical forcing. - (AJC)
A new model of topographic effects on the distribution of loess
-grained suspended dust. Regional and local patterns of distribution of late Wisconsinan loess in parts of the Upper Mississippi River basin are closely related to the distribution of topographic obstacles to sand transport. Topographic obstacles and dense
A model of topographic influence on the regional transport and accumulation of loess in sparsely vegetated landscapes is proposed, based on the critical role played by saltating eolian sand in the entrainment and long-distance transport of finer
Hydrology and administrative boundaries. An experimental topographic database of Switzerland at: 1: 500,000
Structuration d'une banque de données nationales en fichiers régionaux de 200 000 points chacun| problèmes de digitalisation des objets et de leurs relations et utilisations multiples que l'on peut faire d'un tel fichier.
Measurement of simulated drop size distribution with an optical spectro pluviometer : sample size considerations
This study investigates the potential of an optical spectro pluviometer (OSP) to measure drop size distributions. Particular attention is paid to the impact of drop sample size and derived erosivity parameters. An experimental set-up using
Analysis and characteristics of pluviometric events in the Germanasca Valley (Italian Western Alps)
Sets of historic rainfall data (1913-2003) from four rain gauge stains in the Germanasca Valley were examined to identify the characteristic features of major, potentially dangerous rainfall events. In this study, a pluviometric event was considered
Sachant que les lames d'eau recueillies dans les pluviomètres sont inférieures de 3 à 30 % aux précipitations réelles, en raison des pertes par évaporation, éclaboussures, mouillage, vent ou chasse-neige, l'A. recense les principales méthodes
Fiabilité des données ; Géographie physique ; Hydrométrie ; Inclinaison ; Pluviomètre ; Précipitation ; Trajectoire des gouttes ; Zone tempérée
L'inclinaison de la pluie tombant sur le sol, aux latitudes moyennes, rend erronées les mesures obtenues par pluviomètres. Plusieurs corrections numériques ont déjà été proposées. Le modèle trigonométrique utilisé suppose la constance de
l'inclinaison des trajectoires des gouttes d'eau. Le test du modèle sur des situations réelles confirme l'aptitude du modèle. Dans les régions de montagne, des pluviomètres inclinés semblent être encore la meilleure solution.
The study field is at means-Benin and corresponds to the transition climatic zone between subequatorial climate in the south and soudanien climate in the north. The study shows that with pluviometric pejorations started since 1970, soudanien climate
DISCUSSION DES PROBLEMES D'ENREGISTREMENT DE COLLECTE ET DE TRAITEMENT DES DONNEES PLUVIOMETRIQUES SUR DES INTERVALLES DE TEMPS TRES COURTS. PRESENTATION D'UNE METHODE D'ANALYSE DE DONNEES OBTENUES A L'AIDE DE PLUVIOMETRES| EVOCATION ET ANALYSE DES
is represented accurately and in detail. On thematic maps, which differ widely with regard to both scale and content, only ancillary topographical signs are precisely located because they serve as orientation in the geographical space, whereas the signs related
The scale is of greater importance on topographical maps than on thematic maps. On topographic ones, which also use standard scales established by convention, only conventional cartographical signs are used by means of which the content on the maps
to the main content (theme) on the map are usually much larger than the scale would allow and are often located also outside the actual topographical position. As examples, the A. includes tests with maps at different scales representing the smallest political
The topographic data source of digital terrain models as a key element in the accuracy of hydraulic flood modelling
and bathymetry; high-resolution laser altimetry data LiDAR (light detection and ranging); and vectorial cartography (1:5000). Selection criteria were established for the different topographic models in order to assess their generation and treatment in relation
The effects of the topographic data source and resolution on the hydraulic modelling of floods were analysed. Seven digital terrain models (DTMs) were generated from three different altimetric sources : a global positioning system (GPS) survey
Relations between morphodynamics and fractal dimension of relief in some study areas of Italy
properties of relief. In particular, the fractal study of contour lines and topographic surfaces clarifies some aspects regarding the recent morphologic evolution of these areas. - (NF)
Topographic differentiation simulation of crop yield and soil and water loss on the Loess Plateau
This paper, taking the Yangou Basin as a case study and using day-by-day meteorological data of Yan’an station in 2005, simulated and analyzed the quantitative relation between crop yield, soil and water loss and topographic condition with the aid
of WIN-YIELD software. Results and discussion about the influence of topographic gradient on crop yield, and on soil and water loss. It is showed that topographic gradients of 5° and 15° are two important thresholds.
[b1] Key Lab. of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Inst. of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, Chine
Two-dimensional modelling of the within-field variation in rill and gully geometry and location related to topography
This paper relates the within-field variation in rill erosion rate to topographic attributes and derives a predictive equation between rill erosion rate and topography in a two-dimensional context. The AA. also investigate whether it is possible
to delineate the areas prone to rill and ephemeral gully formation based on a topographic threshold condition, and investigate the extent to which the predictions can be improved by introducing the direction of cultivation into the model. To limit the effects
The use of duricrusts and topographic relationships in geomorphological correlation : conclusions based in Australian experience
type of landscape development, the relation of surface and duricrusts, and the temporal equivalence of duricrust facies. The roles of duricrusts in relief inversion, surface preservation and climatic interpretation are also mentioned.
Vegetation response to a topographical-soil gradient
Etablissement de relations topographie-sol-végétation le long de séquences caténales représentatives du Parc National Wigierki (Lac Wigry). Mesures de terrain et en laboratoires des propriétés du sol. Relevés phytosociologiques dans l'analyse de la