) is commonly overlooked in analyses of state formation. Indirect rule also created the state's dependence on the character of custom and reinforced a basic tension undermining state authority : by protecting the local control of land, it limited state
capacities to articulate and enforce the rule of law. The A. examines the way this tension was mediated, east and west of a line of partition.
The AA. ask themselves what are the rules for judging the worthiness of articles submitted for publication in academia, and what should be the rules for judging the worthiness of such articles.
Regeln zur Transformation landschaftskundlicher Karten. (Rules for the transformation of landscape maps)
A general framework is given concerning the map transformation method and the appropriate transformation of maps driven from landscape research. The five rules of transformation and their applications are described. (HL).
Prediction of aquifer vulnerability to pesticides using fuzzy rule-based models at the regional scale
The aim of this study was to examine the usefulness of fuzzy rule-based techniques in predicting aquifer vulnerability to pesticides at the regional scale. The objectives were to 1) develop fuzzy rule-based models using the same input parameters
contained in an index-based model (i.e., the modified DRASTIC model), 2) determine the sensitivity of fuzzy rule model predictions, 3) compare the outputs of the fuzzy rule-based models with those of the modified DRASTIC model and with the results of aquifer
Application à l'Italie du modèle bien connu (Rank-size rule): l'A. prend en considération les données démographiques des 100 villes italiennes les plus peuplées en 1871, 1921 et 1971. Commentaire intéressant des graphiques qui en résultent. (CDP).
Le reti urbane delle regioni italiane nell'ottica della rank-size rule
Application du modèle bien connu (rank-size rule) à chaque région de l'Italie| il en résulte différents types de développement des réseaux urbains. (CDP).
On transition rules of complex structures in one-dimensional cellular automata : some implications for urban change
The cellular automaton represents a hypothetical linear city as an analytic tool to investigate possible transition rules and to draw some implications for urban change.
Latitudinal range variation of trees in the United States : a reanalysis of the applicability of Rapoport's rule
This study aims to reassess the applicability of Rapoport's rule to U.S. tree species : a pattern of increasing latitudinal range sizes for organisms with increasing latitude. Data presented here suggest that tree range patterns consistent
with Rapoport's rule in the United states are not restricted to high latitudes and are not the result of a boundedness effect but may be intimately linked with the glacial history and physical geography of North America.
The work is divided in 6 parts. 1- Chronology of developments in the political economy of Myanmar : an overview ; 2- Parliamentary democracy period : 1948-62 ; 3- Social period under military rule, 1962-88 : macroeconomic and external sector
performance ; 4- Socialist period under military rule, 1966-88 : sectoral and social developments ; 5- Market-oriented period under military rule : macroeconomic and external sector performance ; 6- Market-oriented period under military rule : 1988-2000
Changing patterns of political support for the ruling National Party in the course of the 1980s are presented. The geographical implications of these changes are examined. - (AJC)
Authorizing the “Natives”: governmentality, dispossession, and the contradictions of rule in colonial Zambia
This article explores the relationship between changing techniques of rule and the stability of rule; in particular, the proletarianization and dispossession of African populations and production of an extractive economy in colonial Zambia
. Itexamines two key interventions marked a new mode of governing and spatial reorganization of power are examined: indirect rule through Native authorities and the constitution of Native reserves. The consequences and limitations of these new forms
of intervention are examined by bringing together Marxist ideas of dispossession and the contradictions of colonial rule and Foucault's work on governmental power. In the final sections, a wider set of relations and processes beyond the state that worked
to produce economic forms of subjectivity are explored, before arguing that the hallmark of techniques of rule that became widespread in British colonial sub-Saharan Africa is that they stabilized dispossession and worked to resolve central contradictions