Glacier ; Glacier dynamics ; High mountain ; Himalaya ; Meltwater ; Pakistan ; Remote sensing ; Rock glacier
The origin and mobilization of the extensive debris cover associated with the glaciers of the Nanga Parbat Himalaya is complex. The AA. propose a mechanism by which glaciers can form rock glaciers through inefficiency of sediment transfer from
glacier ice to meltwater. They document with maps, satellite images, and field observations the probable evolution of part of a slow and inefficient glacier into a rock glacier at the margins of Sachen Glacier in c. 50 years, as well as several other
Geochronology ; Glacier ; Glacier advance ; Moraine ; Palaeoclimatology ; Permafrost ; Rock glacier ; United States of America ; Wyoming
At Galena Creek, the ice/debris system has alternated between rock glacier and debris-covered glacier modes due to changes in the size of the accumulation area. These results have important implications for paleoclimatic studies of the ice
This paper reports the 1989 re-mapping of Lemon Creek Glacier, and, in conjunction with 1948 and 1957 maps of the glacier, calculation of 9-year and 32-year changes of glacier mass and terminal position. As in the earlier maps, the new map
is at a scale of 1:10,000 with a 5-m contour interval for the glacier surface. Changes between 1957 and 1989 were determined by use of the geodetic method for determining mass balance.
The most useful parameter to quantify the climatic effects on a glacier is the equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) : a line on the glacier where accumulation equals ablation. In this paper, the topographical and morphological effects on the ELA
The aim of this article is to review the characteristics and causes of temporal variations in the horizontal and vertical motion of glaciers at less than annual time intervals. These variations have been identified from measurements made both
A small cirque glacier is present in a north-east facing cirque on the mountain of Šljeme in the Durmitor massif. Sediment ridges in front of this glacier are interpreted as moraines can be attributed to recent glacier activity over the past 130
Mountain glaciers in Scandinavia are currently advancing while most of the monitored mountain glaciers of the world are retreating. The AA. examine how the mass balance of glaciers in Scandinavia are correlated with atmospheric variability
The status of research on glaciers and global glacier recession : a review
Bibliographie ; Bilan de masse ; Calotte glaciaire ; Changement global ; Glacier ; Montagne ; Recul du glacier ; Réchauffement climatique ; Technique de recherche ; Télédétection
Bibliography ; Climatic warming ; Glacier ; Glacier mass balance ; Glacier retreat ; Global change ; Ice sheet ; Mountain ; Remote sensing ; Research technique
This review outlines the measurements that are available, new techniques that incorporate remotely sensed data, and major findings around the world. The focus is on changes in glacier area, rather than estimates of mass balance and volume changes
that address the role of glacier melt in global sea-level rise. The glacier observations needed for global climate monitoring are also outlined.
Variations that took place at the terminus of some Karakorum glaciers (particularly the Baltoro Glacier and the Liligo Glacier) during the 20th century have been reconstructed using several methodologies. The two glaciers studied have shown
different behaviour at the termini, at least regarding the rate of variations. The Baltoro is one of the longest glaciers on the Earth : though characterized by phases of expansion (1913-1929, 1954-1987, 1990-1997) and of contraction (1929-1954, 1987-1990
), the position of the terminus has moved over time with reduced variations compared to the dimensions of the overall glacier. The Liligo is a small and transversal glacier, already flowing into the Baltoro glacier, and it is characterised by phases of great
The fluctuations of Italian glaciers during the last century : a contribution to knowledge about alpine glacier changes
Alpes ; Base de données ; Fluctuation du glacier ; Glacier ; Italie ; Lombardia ; Montagne ; Recul du glacier ; Siècle 20
Alps (The) ; Data base ; Glacier ; Glacier fluctuation ; Glacier retreat ; Italy ; Lombardia ; Mountain ; Twentieth Century
This paper describes the recent evolution of Italian glaciers through ananalysis of all available terminus fluctuation data that the AA. have entered in a glaciers database (GLAD), containing 883 records collected on glaciers from 1908 to 2002
. Furthermore, a representative subset of data (249 glaciers located in Lombardy) was analysed regarding surface area changes. The glaciers were sorted by size classes according to length. The data showed that during the 20th century Italian Alpine glaciers
This second part of a review deals with the mechanisms of rock glacier formation and flow. The AA. first discuss terminological and classification problems associated with rock glaciers and dynamic nature of rock glaciers. The third part concludes
this series of papers by discussing the role and significance of rock glaciers in mountain geomorphology, glaciology and environmental reconstructions.
This paper examines the very recent rapid changes, surges, and presents a summary of Bering Glacier's activity during the Holocene. A perspective on the Holocene history of the Bering Glacier is presented as a backdrop for understanding
In this paper, the AA. use geographic information system techniques to merge maps with satellite data to study glacier-terminus changes and vegetation regrowth during deglaciation in and near Glacier Bay, Alaska.