The paper presents an analysis of recent trends for precipitation in the Carpathians on the basis of data for the period 1951-1995. Temporal variability in precipitation was examined based on area-averaged data for the Carpathians
and then separately for the eastern and western parts. Overall precipitation totals in the Carpathians show downward trends, which are visible in summer and winter but which contrast with opposite trends in spring and summer. Agreement between the course and trend
in precipitation and the cyclonicity index (C) is also observed.
This paper analyses the changes of precipitation with altitude and the relation between precipitation and glacier distribution. The study shows that precipitation increases rapidly with altitude from the valley floor at about 4 000 m, which results
in higher precipitation in the firn area. Annual accumulation at equilibrium line comes up to 800 to 900 mm in the head of the Yarkant valley and 1 500 to 2 000 mm around Qogir area.
Climatology ; Global change ; Human impact ; Model ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Precipitation ; Simulation ; Spatial variation ; Statistics
This article reviews the problems of testing the accuracy of climate models at simulating one particular element of climate on different temporal and spatial scales, namely, precipitation. The discontinuous nature of precipitation in time and space
makes this climate variable perhaps the most challenging one for climate models to simulate. There are two complementary components to this review: how well do models simulate the present precipitation climatology of the earth? and, how well do we know
what is the present precipitation climatology of the earth?
Bijdrage over de verdeling van de gemiddelde neerslagintensiteit in België. (Contribution to the distribution of mean precipitation intensity in Belgium)
An annual index of precipitation intensity was defined as the sum of the monthly mean maximum hourly precipitation intensities. This annual index, as well as mean monthly precipitation intensity, can now be derived from a regression line
. Consequently, local prediction of the above indices becomes possible if annual precipitation is known. Moreover the rapid urbanisation of the municipality of Ukkel did not influence the increased precipitation intensities of the last decennium. (LW).
L'analyse des précipitations dans le bassin de la rivière Wieprz est présentée à l'aide de mesures effectuées dans 53 stations de précipitations et climatiques (météorologiques) dans les années 1951-1975. Les AA. donnent une répartition annuelle et
saisonnière des totaux des précipitations atmosphériques, la répartition de la moyenne annuelle des journées avec précipitations et le total des précipitations des différents fronts atmosphériques (en mm) et le nombre des périodes avec ou sans précipitations
dans la ville de Lublin. Pour définir les régions du point de vue des précipitations, les AA. ont employé l'indice de précipitation de Schmuck. - (A. Knapik).
The relationship of extreme precipitation events to weather conditions in Nordland, Norway
Avalanche ; Effet orographique ; Glissement de terrain ; Masse d'air ; Norvège ; Pluie torrentielle ; Précipitation ; Prévision ; Type de temps ; Vent
Air mass ; Avalanche ; Forecast ; Heavy rain ; Landslide ; Norway ; Orographic effect ; Precipitation ; Weather type ; Wind
The AA. examined the distribution of extreme daily precipitations events in relation to weather conditions, in the county of Nordland. Precipitation data included 88 weather stations and cover the period January 1964 - March 2002. Over this period
, extreme precipitations took 2 forms : frontal precipitation (associated with a warm or cold front) and warm sector precipitation (associated with the air masses between 2 fronts). The analyses show that 57% of the extreme daily precipitation situations
were classified as warm sector precipitation. It may be important to re-evaluate the forecasting criteria for heavy rain in north Norway.
Irrigation and increased precipitation in the Tulare Basin
California ; Climat ; Cycle de l'eau ; Domaine aride ; Donnée ; Etats-Unis ; Evapotranspiration ; Géographie de l'Amérique ; Irrigation ; Mise en valeur ; Précipitation ; Tulare bassin
During the past 30 years, precipitation for the month of September has increased in this region of California, which has more than 1,3 million ha of irrigated farmland. - (DWG)
A brief appraisal of precipitation climatology of the Ladakh Region in Western Himalaya : environment, problems and development. Volume 1. Environment.
Climat ; Géographie de l'Asie ; Inde ; Jammu and Kashmir ; Ladakh ; Précipitation
Caractéristiques des précipitations au Ladakh. - (LB)
Climat local ; Climatologie ; Géographie de l'Europe ; Mesure ; Morava ; Précipitation ; Somme mensuelle ; Tchécoslovaquie
The analysis of maximum monthly sums of precipitation in Moravia over the period 1901-1980 as reported by 180 rainfall measuring stations with 50 years of observation. Geographical distribution is presented on tables and maps. (MS).
Distribution of heavy precipitation in northern Norway and the effect of orography in Climatological extremes in the mountains, Physical background, geomorphological and ecological consequences.
The relationship of precipitation and altitude above sea level is approached by functions. Exact parameters for regionalizations are supplied (1930-1975). (DLO).
The distribution of the degree of irregularity of the annual variation of precipitations is suitable for ranking the stations to the individual types. The irregularity index is used as a non-traditional climatic index of the vegetation variation
Climatologie générale du Brésil, les précipitations, leur régime mensuel, variations régionales, intensités des pluies et corrélations avec les températures. (ASA).
Precipitations in Rwanda : regionalization of monthly precipitation annual variability
Analyse de variance ; Analyse multivariée ; Années 1936-1973 ; Climat ; Précipitation ; Rwanda ; Régime pluviométrique ; Variation interannuelle ; Zone climatique
Climate ; Climatic zone ; Multivariate analysis ; Precipitation ; Regime of rainfall ; Rwanda ; Variance analysis
Esquisse de régionalisation climatique fondée sur les précipitations mensuelles et obtenues à l'aide du modèle d'analyse de la variance à deux facteurs avec rotation. L'originalité du fossé du Rift occidental est bien mise en évidence. - (JPB)
The relationship between seasonality index of precipitation on Loess Plateau and water deficiency of crops
Agroclimatologie ; Chine ; Déficit en eau ; Eau du sol ; Humidité du sol ; Loess ; Mousson ; Plateau ; Précipitation ; Saisonnalité ; Tibet
Agricultural climatology;Agroclimatology ; China ; Loess ; Monsoon ; Plateau ; Precipitation ; Seasonality ; Soil moisture ; Soil water ; Tibet ; Water deficit
Loess Plateau is located in the transitional zone between the east monsoon climate area and the west. In order to analyze the temporal and spatial distributions of precipitation, the method of synthesizing vectors was used to calculate
the seasonality index of precipitation of 296 stations on Loess Plateau. Seasonality index of precipitation and rainy season directly influence water deficiency of crops.