Agricultural price ; Food ; Food production ; Land ; Living standard ; Poverty ; Sri Lanka ; State control
Anti-poverty measures in Sri Lanka founded on the international discourse of poverty and development do not serve the interests of poor people. This discourse begins by locating poor people in a distinct poverty sector and proceeds to examine its
characteristics. Several attributes of that discourse make it intellectually incapable of seeing how poverty is socially constructed in a diffused nexus of production relations that extends far beyond the so-called poverty sector. An alternative substantive
Local labour markets and individual transitions into and out of poverty : evidence from the British Household Panel Study waves 1 to 8
Family income ; Labour ; Living standard ; Local labour market ; Poverty ; Probability ; United Kingdom
The paper examines the impact of changes in local-labour market conditions on individual poverty exits and entrances. Transitions out of poverty and transitions into poverty are estimated by using discrete duration models. The relative contribution
of labour market variables is smaller than individual and family characteristics in determining transitions out of and into poverty.
Rural poverty in Peninsular Malaysia and the Malaysian national agricultural policy
Agricultural policy ; Agricultural product ; Agriculture ; Countryside ; Living standard ; Malaysia ; Modernization ; Poverty ; Regional disparities ; Rice cultivation ; Rural development
The national agricultural policy aims to modernise and revitalise Malaysian agriculture and alleviate rural poverty while retaining labour in agriculture. The A. argues that this policy will not alleviate poverty in the padi sub-sector for three
The changing map of American poverty in an era of economic restructuring and political realignment
Economic restructuring ; Economic situation ; Living standard ; Poverty ; Regional disparities ; Spatial structure ; United States of America ; Welfare state
The A. argues that conservative theory falters when the spatial dynamics of poverty is considered in the United States. The changing map of American poverty reflects the geographic contours of recent transformations in the American political economy
. Five brief case studies demonstrate that poverty is geographically produced, as alterations in the market and the state are differentially translated into the social order of locales to generate distinctive prospects for affluence and impoverishment.
One nation, pulling apart : the basis of persistent poverty in the USA
Community ; Living standard ; Perception ; Policy ; Poverty ; Regional disparities ; Uneven development ; United States of America ; Welfare
Poverty has grown in America during the 20th century. BY the 1930s poverty became tied to the geographic development of the nation. Historically, poverty policy has emphasized individual moral responsibility while ignoring its geographic
Agricultural growth, environmental degradation, poverty and nutrition : links and policy implications
Agricultural production ; Agricultural technique ; Agriculture ; Environmental degradation ; Nutrition ; Poverty ; Rural development
The links and feedbacks between agricultural growth, environmental degradation, and poverty are complex and manifold. This paper examines these linkages under two situations : when new yield-increasing agricultural technologies are available
KwaZulu-Natal ; Land tenure ; Living standard ; Peasantry ; Population pressure ; Poverty ; Rural area ; South Africa
The study examines the nature and extent of rural poverty, and to ascertain the relationship between rural material poverty and rural livelihoods among the peasants of Unzumbe. It was found that different wards were characterised by high population
Encountering poverty : space, class, and poverty politics
Chicago ; Illinois ; Middle class ; Montana ; Poverty ; Social geography ; Social interaction ; Space ; Spatial interaction ; United States of America
neighborhood. It explores how middle class encounters with poverty are mediated by two sets of spatial processes: processes of (self)government and of radical contact. In each case, it examines the ways in which these spaces of encounter foster governance
and/or contact processes that reproduce or disrupt dominant discourses about poverty.
Great Britain ; Living standard ; Measurement ; Polarization ; Poverty ; Social deprivation ; Spatial concentration ; Spatial distribution ; United Kingdom
The paper draws upon a series of national poverty surveys in order to derive methodologically consistent estimates of breadline and core poverty. These models are then applied to census data in order to describe the changing geography of poverty
in Britain. These analyses suggest that not only has poverty become increasingly prevalent amongst British households, it also became increasingly spatially concentrated between 1968 and 1999.
The effects of industrial clusters on the poverty rate
County ; Employment ; Household ; Industrial cluster ; Industrial sector ; Industry ; Poverty ; Social geography ; United States of America
This article seeks to understand the degree to which economic clusters are associated with lower poverty rates in the United States. When controlling for other economic and demographic factors in a multivariate framework, their presence
is associated with lower poverty rates. Moreover, regions with a higher share of employment in clusters, and with that employment dispersed across many industries within the same cluster, fare even better than those where employment is concentrated in a single
industry. Furthermore, while there is evidence that particular clusters are associated with significantly altered poverty rates, not all of these associations are beneficial.