Frederick E. Clements is known as a key figure in the development of plantsuccession concepts but earlier arguments over the spontaneous generation of plants illustrate the critical relationship between theory and observation. The observations
Théories et modèles en vigueur. La succession végétale à l'échelle de la communauté est basée sur les interactions entre les espèces végétales, animales et leur milieu. Une série d'exemples montre des applications à l'aménagement.
The succession is an important matter for the prediction of change in the hydrological cycle in a future, because the succession will take for a long time to reach the climax. The change of the vegetation climax and the succession will occur
with the climate change. This paper will discuss factors affecting stemflow generation at the pre- and the middle-stage of the succession from Japanese red pine to evergreen oak, and will clarify the change of the factors due to the progress of the succession
Afforestation projects in highland Ecuador: patterns of success and failure
In reviewing the 20-year history of tree planting in the Ecuadorian Highlands, the A. asserts that the social structure and economic possibilities of the community explains the rate of success of these reforestation projects. - (DWG)
Variétés de plantes pionnières et succession sur les bourrelets alluviaux
Biogeography ; Fluvial processes ; Human impact ; Plant species ; River basin ; Slovenia
The point bars are an example of the environment where the initial stages of primary succession can be researched. Their characteristics, the way of overgrowing such environments, functional significance and human interference on point bars
Allemagne ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Occupation du sol ; Paysage ; Propriétés du sol ; Succession végétale ; Thüringen ; Vignoble ; Végétation
On the slopes of the Saale valley near Jena, viticulture is in decline since the 16th century. The last vineyards were abandoned at the end of the 19th century. The model of space for time succession was used to differientiate three stages
of vegetation types : grassland, bushes, wood. Caused by a mosaic of species in the different stages, the research has focused first on aspects of community structures. The dynamics of succession can be influenced by soil factors, ressources and competition
. This succession differs from patterns of revegetation of deglaciated landscapes in Alaska and British Columbia today and in Minnesota in late-Wisconsin times because of differences in climate, plant migration, and local ecology.
The flora and vegetation of six ice-cored moraines of the Klutlan Glacier were analyzed in 65 plots by European plant-sociological techniques. The age of each plot was estimated from annual growth rings of shrubs or trees in the plots. Nine major
vegetation types are distinguished: Crepis nana, Dryas drummondii, Hedysarum mackenzii, Hedysarum-Salix, Salix-Shepherdia canadensis, Picea-Salix, Picea-Arctostaphylos, Picea-Ledum, and Picea-Rhytidium. These contain plants aged 2-6, 9-23, 10-20, 24-30, 32-58
, 58-80, 96-178, 177-240, and >163->339yr, respectively, and reflect a vegetational succession related to moraine age and stability. Changes in species diversity and soil development, particularly humus accumulation, parallel the vegetational succession
The interactions between all neighbouring organisms : The roles of Charles Darwin, Ernst Haeckel and Eugenius Warming in the evolution of ideas on plant dynamics
Bibliography ; Biogeography ; Concept ; Ecology ; Europe ; Nineteenth Century ; Plantsuccession ; Theory ; Twentieth Century ; Vegetation ; Vegetation dynamics
Bibliographie ; Biogéographie ; Concept ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Ecologie ; Europe ; Siècle 19 ; Siècle 20 ; Succession végétale ; Théorie ; Végétation
The roles of early European botanists in developing the concepts of plant dynamics are acknowledged in the reviews of Tansley (1947), Cowles (1911) and Coleman (1986). The shift from the study of vegetation in terms of plant distribution
the key roles in developing the foundation for the theories of plant dynamics upon which later ecologists built.
Effective mutualism between sequentially flowering plant species
La succession dans le temps de la floraison chez des plantes qui se partagent les mêmes pollinisateurs est due à la compétition, mais elle correspond à un mutualisme de fait en ce qu'elle est nécessaire au maintien de la population de pollinisateurs
biomass are greater there than in undisturbed areas. This differential success affects the diversity and evenness of the plant communities in which P. hispidula occurs.
The hypothesis that Plantago hispidula has a ruderal strategy is tested in two habitat patches subjected to different degrees of disturbance by grazing. Plantago hispidula appears more successful in disturbed areas as measures of density and total
La dissémination des plantes à fruits charnus par les oiseaux: rôle de la structure de la végétation et impact sur la succession en région méditerranéenne
Dissémination de graines ; Domaine méditerranéen ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Géographie physique ; Ornithochorie ; Plante à fruits charnus ; Structure de la végétation ; Synécologie fonctionnelle ; Végétation
constitue un trait fonctionnell. ement important dans les successions en région méditerranéenne, au moins dans les premiers stades. (MI).
A negative correlation is shown to exist between the frequencies of occurrence of tannins and alkaloids among the major orders and families of Dicotyledons (and other Spermatophytes as well). Tannins and alkaloids are both used by plants
to discourage consumption by animal consumers. Two phytochemical tactics can be identified: (1) the T-tactic, based on the mass use of molecules (tannins and terpenoids) which influence the palatability and digestibility of plant material, and (2) the a-tactic
, based on the use of various toxic micromolecules, often nitrogenous, present at low concentrations in plant tissues, such as alkaloids, nonproteic amino-acids, cyanogenic glycosides, glycosinolates, etc. T-tacticians are generally found among K
-strategists, i.e. plant species growing in stable and predictable environments, mostly forests. On the other hand, a-tacticians are mostly found among r-strategists, i.e. plants living in unstable and marginal environments, more particularly those
aspects géologiques, historiques, climatiques, biologiques mais surtout la composition floristique et la succession végétale de ces formations dunaires. La méthodologie adoptée porte à la fois sur le travail de terrain et sur les recherches
Plant biomass was measured in forest regrowth on fields abandoned after a cycle of raingrown rice following clearing and burning. Its evolution, with that of the main components (Macaranga hurifolia, lianas, Marantaceae, Zingiberaceae, miscellaneous
t/ha/year. The changes in biomass of the different components show the part played by each in the evolution of the plant cover reconstituting the forest. The results are compared with those from other tropical regions.
Phenology and pollination ecology of the desert plant Moricandia nitens (Brassicaceae) in the Negev, Israel
The phenology and pollination biology of the desert plant Moricandia nitens with long-tubed flowers was studied in Advat, Central Negev. Reproduction of M. nitens, being a self-incompatible and obligate outcrosser, is dependent on insects which
visit their flowers. Its high reproductive success is due to efficient bee pollination.
20 drillings and 53 soundings were made on the two watershed mires in norht-eat Poland. Subfossil plant communities were reconstructed on the basis of 120 analysis of the peat botanical composition, lines of plantsuccession and reaches plant
communities on the mires were set. Geological and hydrogeological conditions were described on the basis of 6 borings to 10 m depth. Analysis of the stratigraphic systems allowed to distinguish three phases of the peat-forming process, and three succession
Silt plus clay sedimentation and decalcification during plantsuccession in sands of the mediterranean coastal plain of Israel in Research contributions to the physical geography of Israel. Studies in fluvial and coastal geomorphology of arid
The silt and clay content of the topsoil progresses from nearly zero where vegetation is sparse to 18 % in the oldest and densest plant community. The humic acids released from the humus developing under the dense vegetation in the wet area
Impacts of recent paraglacial dynamics on plant colonization : a case study on Midtre Lovénbreen foreland, Spitsbergen (79°N)
Arctic Region ; Climatic change ; Glacier ; Landscape ; Little ice age ; Paraglacial ; Plant colonization ; Spitsbergen ; Svalbard
colonisation des plantes, si la dynamique géomorphologique paraglaciaire affecte la succession des plantes sur l'avant du glacier et si la couverture végétale révèle les différences dans la dynamique morphogénique ayant eu lieu depuis le retrait du glacier.