Macrofossil plants and pollen assemblages on the last glacial in Sanjiang plain.
Analysis of fossil plants and pollen spores reveals that the climate of Sanjiang plain in the late Pleistocene was humid and cold with annual precipitation higher than that of present It was covered with cold temperature needleleaf deciduous forest
Does plantcover structure in rural areas modify climate change effects?
Atmospheric circulation ; Climatic variation ; Evapotranspiration ; Global change ; Heat flow ; Land use ; Plant canopy ; Poland ; Rural area
This paper shows that : modification of the plantcover in an agricultural landscape influences the vertical flux of sensible heat; the changes in land-use pattern influence the vertical fluxes of sensible and latent heat at the scale
have been selected and the following surface properties, as variables under study, have been measured : surface area occupied by cracks, rock fragments, lichens, and plants; also the surface roughness under dry conditions (before rainfall
Photographic evidence of rate of development of plantcover on the emergent island Anak Krakatau from 1971 to 1991 and implications for the effect of volcanism
Biogeography ; Indonesia ; Island ; Photointerpretation ; Plant canopy ; Population dynamics ; Vegetation ; Volcanic eruption ; Volcanism
Photographs of the vegetated North and East Forelands of Anak Krakatau, which emerged from the sea in 1930 and was totally devastated by volcanic activity in 1952/53, provide some evidence of rate of change of plantcover from grassland to woodland
Spatial patterns of soil crusting and their relationship to crop cover
Agricultural practice ; Duricrust ; England ; Experimentation ; Geographical information system ; Micromorphology ; Photogrammetry ; Plantcover ; Rainfall simulation ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Splash ; United Kingdom ; West Sussex
The interactions between the spatial pattern of soil crust development and crop cover conditions are investigated through controlled laboratory experiments using rainfall simulation. The experimental responses are monitored by using terrestrial
The effect of slope gradient and vegetal cover on soil infiltration and erosion were studied with field simulator, at the suburbs of Zhanjiakou city, Hebei Province, North China, on a loess hill. Discussion of the results.
The influence of plantcover and land use on slope-channel decoupling in a foothill catchment : a case study from the Carpathian Foothills, southern Poland
Agricultural land use ; Carpathian Mountains ; Experiment plot ; Land use ; Plantcover ; Poland ; Rill wash ; Sediment transport ; Slope gradient ; Soil erosion ; Suspended load ; Watershed
This paper examines the influence of plantcover and land use on slope-channel decoupling in the Stara Rzeka Stream catchment and its subcatchment Dworski Potok Stream. The results show that transport and export of the material on the slopes depend
on the morphology of the slope and on the agricultural use of the area. The mosaic of fields which are used differently makes the soil wash process very intensive only if the slopes are ploughed and unprotected by a dense cover of vegetation. Footslope areas
and flat valley bottoms covered with grass function as a barrier separating the slope and the river bed.
Land use/cover changes and vulnerability to flooding in the Harts catchment, South Africa
Geographical information system ; Inundation ; Land use ; Northern Cape ; Plantcover ; Remote sensing ; South Africa ; Statistical analysis ; Vulnerability ; Watershed
The purpose of this study is to determine the hydrological impacts of land use/land cover change in the Harts catchment from 1990 to 2010 using an integration of remote sensing, GIS and statistical methods. The modifications of natural vegetation
cover have led to modified runoff production and consequently to changing flow regimes in the Harts catchment. The coupling of surface observations, remote sensing and statistical analysis demonstrated the impacts of changes in land use/land cover
This paper seeks to explore the complex relationships between land cover, environmental change and forced migration in the middle valley of the Senegal River, attempting both to identify the nature of environmental impacts of forced displacements
with specific reference to land cover, and to examine the social, political and economic circumstances in which these are exacerbated or reduced. The paper also examines the role of land regulation in influencing the observed patterns of land cover change.
Comparability and subjectivity of land cover maps produced with digital image classification techniques : some recent experiences from Denmark and northern Germany
Automated mapping ; Classification ; Comparative study ; Denmark ; Geographical information system ; Germany ; Image processing ; Land use ; Plantcover ; Remote sensing ; Satellite imagery ; Schleswig-Holstein ; Thematic mapping
This paper discusses issues related to the operationalisation of land cover mapping from image data. Specifically, it presents the methods and experiences of 2 recent land cover mapping projects, covering Denmark and parts of the German state
Land cover changes between 1958 and 1986 in Kalu District, Southern Wello, Ethiopia
Aerial photography ; Environmental degradation ; Ethiopia ; Geographical information system ; Land use ; Plant canopy ; Vegetation dynamics
%) because of clearing of vegetation and remaining open area increased the most (333%). Area under cultivation remained about the same. Authors call for rehabilitation off degraded hillslopes with little or no plantcover. - (SLD)
Two aerial photographs from 1958 and 1986 are digitized in TIFF format and imported into thinkspace's Map Factory. Nine land cover categories were distinguished and their areas were compared for the two dates. Shrubland decreased the most (-51
Assessment of the effects of biophysical and anthropogenic factors on woody plant encroachment in dense and sparse mountain grasslands based on remote sensing data
and mid-2000s were analyzed by supervised classification for identification of land cover types. The transition matrix indicated that shrublands were the most dynamic plant communities. Generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) were used to identify
This study assessed woody plant encroachment below potential tree line in the Central Pyrenees of Spain and the association of this encroachment with changes in land use. Remote sensing data from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) from the mid-1980s
biophysical and anthropogenic factors that were significantly correlated with woody plant encroachment of dense and sparse grasslands. Distance to the nearest woody plant habitat (shrub or forest) was the most strongly correlated factor with woody plant
encroachment of both types of grassland. This factor explained 69% and 71% of the variance in models of dense and sparse grasslands, respectively. The observed changes in land cover indicated that land cover has become more homogeneous.
Air temperature ; Climate fluctuation ; Diurnal variation ; Geomorphology ; Mountain ; Plantcover ; Poland ; Temperature
This paper adresses the matter of the differentiation of thermal conditions in the near ground air layer at Hala Gaşienicowa, as well as their relationships with plantcover, shape of relief and exposure to the sun. Mean daily air temperature
Trampling damage to vegetation and soil cover within the Burren National Park, Mullach Mor, Co. Clare
Biogenic action;Biogenic process ; Biogeography ; Degradation ; Environment ; Fauna ; Ireland ; National park ; Plant canopy ; Soil erosion ; Vegetation
Between 1986 and 1992, surveillance of three selected paths revealed a pattern of increasing damage to vegetation and soil cover. An attempt was made to quantify the extent of trampling damage, and to examine possible causes of observed spatial
Estimation of land coverage from a land cover classification derived from remotely sensed data
Classification ; Data processing ; Discriminant analysis ; LANDSAT ; Land use ; Plant canopy ; Remote sensing ; Thematic Mapper ; United Kingdom ; Wales
This paper aims to illustrate the estimation of land cover class coverage from an image classification. It focuses on a case study which aimed to derive accurate estimates of the coverage of industrially despoiled land in administratively defined
Deforestation is often blamed as the principal cause of flooding during the monsoon period. However, bank-fall discharge at 22 stream crossings provide data to show that 82 percent of its veriation had nothing to do with forest cover. - (DWG)
Land use ; Landscape ; Norway ; Perception ; Plant canopy ; Protected area
This article uses an activity-based understanding of landscape to explore values related to perceived land cover diversity. Perceptions within two user groups in a mountain area in western Norway are related to a simultaneous land cover survey
, and compared to experts’ evaluations of land cover and to the aims of landscape protection in the area.