The effect produced by adding increasing rates of a municipal solid waste compost on the susceptibility to compaction of three materials of mineral origin was determined. These were quartz sand (85% sand), slate processing fines (78% silt
), and commercial bentonite (75% clay), selected due to their highly homogeneous particle size that can provide index information about materials with different textures. It is shown that the reduction in compactability was proportional to the rate of compost used.
opportunity to study large assemblages of in situ Acheulian artifacts, a rare phenomenon in the middle Pleistocene Levantine record. In addition, the organicmaterials will facilitate paleoenvironmental reconstructions from an ecological floral perspective.
Archaeological excavation of three areas and two trenches at the new study area have produced abundant basalt, flint, and limestone artifacts, mammalian and avian fossils, and considerable plant material. The lithic materials provide an excellent
This paper investigates the effect of the incorporation of organic matter in the form of peat on soil crust strength and adopts an interactive approach to study the effects of soil organic matter content, rainfall duration, and aggregate size
, and their interactions on crust strength. The aim was to increase the understanding of the effect of organic matter particularly in the form of peat, on soil crust strength.
Variation in radiocarbon ages of soil organic matter fractions from late Quaternary buried soils
C 14 dating ; Dating ; Great Basin ; Organicmaterials ; Quaternary ; Soil ; Stratigraphic correlation ; Stratigraphy ; United States of America
This study highlights the inconsistencies among the radiocarbon ages of the three organic fractions usually extracted by laboratories and addresses the problem of interlaboratory variation in radiocarbon ages for paired samples.
Soil organic matter and land degradation in semi-arid area, Israel
Arid area ; Israel ; Land use ; Organicmaterials ; Precipitation ; Semi-arid area ; Soil erosion ; Soil properties ; Temperature
Soil organic matter (SOM) was monitored at 5 sites along a climatic transect extending from the Judean Mountains to the Dead Sea. The A. aims at analyzing the typical characteristics of SOM in different climatic regions, and analyzing deviations
Organic matter and wetting capacity distribution in aggregates of Chilean soils
Chile ; Forest ; Grassland ; Land use ; Moisture ; Organicmaterials ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Spatial distribution
of wetting resistance and organic matter in individual layers peeled from the aggregates from 4 profiles. Intensive management decreases wetting resistance and makes the soil less stable.
The importance of aggregation processes in the benthic boundary layer (BBL) with regards to settling velocities and flux of organic carbon was investigated at 4 stations on a coastal-depositional area transect in the southwest Baltic Sea, between
1996 and 1998. A second focus point of the study is the comparison of vertical and horizontal transport of both aggregated and suspended material.
fraction were detectable with increasing age. In general, stable organic matter as well as the density fraction > 2 g/cm3 had a low C/N ratio and were enriched in proteinaceous materials. The adsorption of proteinaceous materials points to a strong organo
The AA. study the formation of soil organic matter and its different fractions within a time span of 0–150 years. They investigated a chronosequence of very young soils in the proglacial area Morteratsch (Swiss Alps) to derive time-trends of soil
organic matter accumulation and evolution. With time, the quality of soil organic matter changed : a decrease of hydrophobicity, an increase in aromatic compounds in the bulk soil and a decrease in phenolic functional groups in the heaviest density
Organic matter in tropical soils: current conditions, concerns and prospects for conservation
Agroforestry ; Deforestation ; Forest ; Land use ; Organicmaterials ; Savanna ; Soil ; Soil erosion ; Tropical zone
This article reviews the current status of organic matter in tropical soils beneath forest and savanna vegetation types and the contribution made to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations from decomposition processes in the soil and as a result
of tropical forest clearance. The second aim is to examine the role of soil organic matter in stabilizing soil structure, in nutrient cycling and in ion retention in tropical soils and to assess the effects of forest clearance and subsequent cultivation
on organic matter processes. The final aim is to evaluate possible practices for conserving soil organic matter and maximizing sustainability in tropical cultivation systems after deforestation.
This paper deals with a geochemical investigation (Rock-Eval pyrolysis) of soil organic matter sampled in a lake watershed, and the study of the sedimentary organic matter trapped in the lake deposits. The research was conducted on Chaillexon Lake
analysed for their particle-size distribution, carbonate content, and organic matter content. The results were compared to the slope parent material, i.e. the crust and the underlying sand, as well as to playa sediments, which are scattered within
Atmosphere ; Biogeochemistry ; Carbon cycle ; Climatic variation ; Cold area ; Geochemistry ; Organicmaterials ; Peat bog
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the processes involved in the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere and the organic deposits in peatlands. Particularly, the possible changes in the past in comparison with present-day conditions
and/or accumulation of organicmaterial (mor) started during the E4/E5 phase. A hiatus in the deposits with an Eemian age is discussed.
Two organic layers from the Upper Pleistocene of the northern Netherlands are investigated in detail for their pollen content. Comparison of the pollen diagrams with the standard Eemian biozones indicates that the continental peat growth
Tarsadalmi szervek feladatai az ipartelepitésben. (Tasks of social organizations in industrial localization)
As for industrial level, Hungary is among the developed countries of the world, but as indicated by qualitative indices, she is among the medium developed ones. The general conditions of the operation of industry/raw material and energy supply
Variations in the amount and composition of sedimentary organic matter in glacial and interglacial deposits of the last 2.7 myr correlate with late Cenozoic climatic and oceanographic changes in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea (NGS). These variations
are predominantly caused by the changing supply of terrestrial and reworked organic matter (OM). To introduce the general total organic carbon (TOC) patterns observed in NGS deposits, the AA. discuss how Quaternary glacial to interglacial climatic cycles have
Role of landscape parameters in riverine run-off, and sediment and organic matter yield on Disko Island, West Greenland
Arctic Region ; Carrying capacity ; Cold area ; Digital elevation model ; Discharge ; Environment ; Geomorphometry ; Greenland ; Island ; Multivariate analysis ; Organicmaterials ; Stream flow ; Suspended load ; Watershed
The AA. have tried to identify which landscape parameters influence water, sediment and organic transport from 9 drainage basins in a glacial setting on Disko Island. Measurements of water, suspended sediment and organic matter transport were
carried out almost synchronously in July 1997. Regression techniques were used to distinguish between the measured lanscape-parameters (glacier cover, altitude, slope, aspect and vegetation cover) that influence upon suspended sediment and organic matter
In a field experiment, the AA. investigated organic matter decomposition in nonsaline nonsodic Aquic Argiudoll, a nonsaline sodic Typic Natraquoll, nonsaline nonsodic Petrocalci Paleudoll and a saline sodic Typic Natralboll in the Pampa Deprimada
, Argentina. The aims were to identify the degree of stabilization of organic matter by association with mineral particles in these soils and to follow in particular the fate of lignin in these soils. They measured organic carbon, total nitrogen and the extent
Regional variability of volcanic ash soils in south Ecuador : the relation with parent material, climate and land use
Agricultural land use ; Andes ; Ecuador ; High mountain ; Organicmaterials ; Soil ; Soil properties ; Spatial variation ; Volcanic soil
the soil properties, and to relate the spatial variability of these properties to the major trends in parent material, volcanic ash deposits and climate. The impact of human activities on the soil properties is assessed in a case study in the Machangara
Canada ; Firm strategy ; Historical geography ; Industrial branch ; Industrial organization ; Industrialization ; Montréal ; Nineteenth Century ; Production ; Quebec ; Territorial strategy ; Work organization
This paper investigates the range of strategies open to firms and industries. They are theorized through the concept of production formats, which states that studies of industrial organization and economic change need to be built upon the social
, technological, and material properties of firms and industries within a historically specific context.