of nations as well as nation-states have been different, ideologies of nations are essentially the same. The conceptual roots of the idea are looked at.
The idea of nation as it emerged through the conceptual changes of the term nation is scrutinised. A discussion on political and cultural nationalism is introduced, drawing mainly on the European background. Although routes to the formation
Geographical perspectives on Finnish national identity
The state idea
Finland ; Nation ; National identity ; National territory ; Nationalism ; Political geography ; State
Etat ; Finlande ; Géographie politique ; Identité nationale ; Nation ; Nationalisme ; Territoire national
This paper starts from the fact that nation, national identity and nationalism are contextual and contested categories, and suggests a critical approach, labelled as the institutionalization of territories, which should evaluate the practices
and ideological mechanisms involved in the production and reproduction of territories and their identities. National identities develop and change continually.
Nation-states, quasi-states, and collapsed-states in contemporary Africa
The state idea
Africa ; Colonization ; Conflict ; Ethnic community ; Nationalism ; Political geography ; State
The successor states to the colonial empires in Africa exhibit the same strains as the fragile successors to the European empires earlier in the century. The survival of these quasi-states has been dependent upon the support of the international
community. Anti-colonialism offers little support for states in a post-colonial, post Cold-War era. In some cases the result has been disintegration and the emergence of the collapsed state.
National idea, state-building and boundaries in the post-Soviet space (the case of Georgia)
The state idea
Ethnic community ; Frontier ; Georgia ; National territory ; Nationalism ; Political geography ; Political reform ; State
Etat ; Ethnie ; Frontière ; Géographie politique ; Géorgie ; Mutation politique ; Nationalisme ; Territoire national
Georgia, a newly independent state in the Transcaucasus, bears most of the common features of the Post-Soviet political space. But it has distinct peculiarities in state-building due to its location and historical legacy. The national self-identity
Nation into state : the shifting simbolic foundations of American nationalism.
Full-length study by a cultural geographer of the phenomenon of American nationalism : heros, holidays, rituals, commemorations, toponyms, iconography, monuments, and the flag. - (DWG)
South Africa: the case of a failed state partition
Bantustan ; Conflict ; Ethnic group ; Language ; Multi-ethnic state ; Nation ; Political geography ; Segregation ; South Africa ; State
Afrique du Sud ; Bantoustan ; Conflit ; Etat ; Etat multinational ; Groupe ethnique ; Géographie politique ; Langue ; Nation ; Ségrégation
population, without resolving the problems involved in creating new nations or drawing state boundaries. The lack of legitimacy and the degree of coertion applied in the policy's enforcement ensured failure and the re-establishment of the unitary state.
In South Africa the White minority sought to retain political power in the face of majority African demands for equality, by means of state partition. The government attempted to create new states for linguistically defined groups within the African
The paper explores the connection between computerised techniques of mapping and the role of maps in modern nationhood. A case study of Ecuador demonstrates how the relationship between cartography and the nation-state is being altered
The wonders and origins of four national parks in the southern United States
Leisure ; National park ; Nature conservation ; Nature park ; Nature reserve ; Southern United States ; Tourism ; United States
Etats-Unis ; Etats-Unis du Sud ; Loisir ; Parc national ; Parc naturel ; Protection de la nature ; Réserve naturelle ; Tourisme
Between 1921 and 1941, four national parks were established in the USA : Hot Springs (Arkansas) ; Great Smokey Mountains (Tennessee-North Carolina) ; Shenandoah (Virginia) ; and Mammoth Cave (Kentucky). All the parks depended on private and state
Nommer l'espace. L'émergence de l'Etat national en Afrique Noire
Afrique ; Afrique Noire ; Décolonisation ; Espace ; Etat-nation ; Formation de l'Etat ; Gabon ; Géographie humaine ; Géographie politique ; Hydronyme ; Idéologie ; Territoire ; Toponymie
The A. attempts to discern particular geographical elements which could be regarded constituting the identity of a state and nation. A particularly interesting example can be found in the emergence of the territorial state in Black Africa. Here one
to obliterate refenrences to ethnicity in the language and to promote a sense of the nation-state.
witnesses the reproduction of a model which employs the spatial disourse of the 1789 Revolution, which ideology is symbolically expressed in the names of states. The widespread use of hydronyms in Gabon for example, suggests a rational attempt by a state
States and Nations. The rebirth of the « nationalities question » in Europe
Autonomy ; Conflict ; Congress ; Ethnic group ; Europe ; Minority ; Nationalism ; Political geography
The contributions deal with theoretical approaches and with a number of case studies from the Soviet Union, Rumania (the Hungarian minority), Bosnia Hercegovina and Burgenland, Czechoslovakia, South Tyrol and the Basque and Catalan nationalisms
Nationstates, ideological power and globalisation : can geographers catch the boat ?
Globalization ; Governance ; Nation-state ; Political geography ; Power ; Social policy ; State control ; United Kingdom
Etat-nation ; Gouvernance ; Géographie politique ; Mondialisation ; Politique sociale ; Pouvoir ; Pouvoir idéologique ; Royaume-Uni ; Rôle de l'Etat
Les géographes ont besoin d'étudier les manières dont l'Etat-nation continue à exercer son action à l'ère de la mondialisation. En s'appuyant sur les travaux de M. Mann, les AA. soulignent une dimension négligée du pouvoir de l'Etat, sa forme
idéologique. Ils étudient comment l'Etat-nation se reconstruit de manière différente avec la mondialisation.
Central Europe ; Czech Republic ; Geopolitics ; International relations ; National identity ; Political geography ; State
Since a millenary the Czech State has been figuring in different territorial extent and a differant degree of dependence on the political map of Central Europe. The Czech national individuality is territorially still based especially on the Czech
Massif, the Western Carpathians and on the neighbouring lowlands. The investigation demonstrates the prospects of the Czech State for the next century. - (MS)
State and class in Africa : a case for extending analyses of the form and functions of the nationalstate to the urban local state
Théorie structuraliste de l'Etat : les différentes approches et leur application à l'Afrique. Les fonctions de l'état au niveau national et local et la structure de classe. Bibliographie axée sur les études théoriques concernant l'Afrique| accent
Marxist critiques of the developmental state and the fetishism of national development
Capitalism ; Commodification ; Economy ; Marxism ; Nation-state ; Theory ; World market
Analyse critique ; Capitalisme ; Développement national ; Economie ; Etat développemental ; Etat-nation ; Etatisme ; Marchandisation ; Marché mondial ; Marxisme ; Théorie
of capitalist social relations (understood as global from its inception) are hierarchically and unevenly constituted. From this it extends Marx's critique of commodity fetishism to the question of the international (the relationship between the nationstate
and world market) and criticises the statist notion of the developmental state from the perspective of a critique of the fetishism of national development.
This article offers an alternative theory of the developmental state by drawing on both social form critique and world system analysis. It then locates the origins of statism itself in the dynamics of global capitalism, in which the totality
International relations ; Internationalization ; National territory ; Political geography ; Sovereignty ; State
Etat ; Globalisation ; Géographie politique ; Internationalisation ; Relations internationales ; Souveraineté ; Territoire national
This article is designed to complement the container-metaphor argument and is divided in two sections, the first dealing with the operation of the state in the modern world-system and the second considering the popular concern for the demise