Climate data as well as proxy records (fluctuations of glaciers and treelines) are presented to document change at various time-scales. Problems and possibilities of this two-pronged approach in studying future environmental change. - (DWG)
Climate, environmental change, and resources of the African mountains from the Mediterranean to the Equator
Africa ; Aridity ; Climatic variation ; Environment ; Human impact ; Mountain ; Quaternary ; Soil degradation
Masterful synthesis of mountain environments in Africa from Kenya to Morocco over the last 20 000 years. Climatic change about 18 000 B.P. had a major impact on vegetation. In the past 2 000 years anthropogenic processes, combined with greater
Permafrost of the Carpathian and Balkan Mountains, Eastern and Southeastern Europe
Balkans ; Bulgaria ; Carpathian Mountains ; Eastern Europe ; Europe ; Freezing ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Pleistocene ; Poland ; Present time ; Romania ; Tatra Mountains ; Thawing
Analysis of freezing and thawing indices indicates that climatic conditions sufficient for permafrost development occur at heights of 1930 m asl in the Tatra Mountains (Poland), 2000 asl in the south Carpathian Mountains (Romania), and 2300 m asl
Multiscale influences of climate on upper treeline dynamics in the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA : evidence of intraregional variability and bioclimatic thresholds in response to twentieth-century warming
Bioclimatology ; Climatic change ; Climatic warming ; Colorado ; Mountain ; New Mexico ; Precipitation ; Rocky Mountains ; Slope exposure ; Spatial variation ; Temperature ; Threshold ; Tree line ; Twentieth Century ; United States of America
Bioclimatologie ; Changement climatique ; Colorado ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Etats-Unis ; Exposition de versant ; Limite supérieure de la forêt ; Montagne ; New Mexico ; Précipitation ; Rocky Mountains ; Réchauffement climatique ; Seuil
By using dendrochronological techniques, the AA. reconstructed tree establishment at upper treeline on 6 mountain peaks within the Front Range and Sangre de Cristo Mountains. They compared age-structure data with climate using Spearman's rank
correlation coefficients between annual and seasonal climate indexes and tree establishment dates at both regional (southern Rockies) and landscape scales (mountain range). Regime-shift analysis detected thresholds in temperature, precipitation, and tree
establishment data. The results highlight the intraregional variability in treeline sensitivity to climate in the southern Rocky Mountains and the usefulness of using a multiscale approach coupled with regime-shift analysis to examine the influence of twentieth
Après un rappel des principaux facteurs du climat en montagne, l'A. analyse l'effet du relief sur les divers paramètres météorologiques. Très nombreux exemples pris dans les Alpes et dans les massifs voisins. - (JPB)
Climatic changes in Southern Poland, including the Carpathian Mountains are shown in regional and local scale. There are discussed: changeability of the circulation indices during the winter season and fluctuations of the air temperatures based
on the instrumental observations in the mountain stations. The influence of climate is referred to the secular changes in the width of tree rings in Tatra Mountains and the thermal feelings of human body. Local changes of the radiation inflows are characteristic
In this part of Chile, altitudinal belts changed their position vertically during the Upper Quaternary as humidity changed. Present soils are relicts of the humid Late Glacial and a humid Holocene climate optimum.―(DWG)
The A. deals with the vegetation of the Himalayas taking his 1957 map as basis of the presentation. This map reveals the phenomenon of the inner valleys and the climatically dry valleys. Progress in the knowledge of the vegetation since publication
Ablation glaciaire ; Bilan de masse ; Canada ; Fluctuation du glacier ; Glacier ; Glaciologie ; Montagne ; Rocky Mountains ; Variabilité climatique
and to characterize historical glaciological trends at the site. The glacier has a lag time of 5 to 10 years, which confirms that it is sensitive to climatic fluctuations and responds to changes in mass balance within a very short time. This observation is supported
Climate change and glacier fluctuations in the southern mountains of the USSR during the last 1 000 years in Proceedings of the Conference on the transformation of mountain environments (TOME), part two.
Using lichen indicators and dendrochronology, glaciers in the Tien Shan, Altai and Caucasus Mountains show evidence of small fluctuations in the past 200 years, but synchrony among the three ranges is not clearly defined. - (DWG)
Investigation of alpine precipitation, interception and soil moisture were conducted on hilltops along an altitudinal gradient in the Norwegian mountains to obtain fundamental knowledge with regard to the impacts of climate change in future
. The article deals with high mountain ecosystems, landscape ecology, hydrology, time-domain reflectometry (TDR), precipitation, potential interception capacity and soil moisture. - (IfL)
Design of climate station network in mountain catchments
Applied climatology ; Czech Republic ; Meteorology ; Model ; Mountain ; Observation network ; Weather station
The AA. tested in the Jizera Mountains (Czech Republic) the density of climate station network which is in relation to spatial data interpolation, and watershed management targets. Point weather data (precipitation, air temperature, humidity
Holocene vegetation and climate in the Puerto Blanco Mountains, southwestern Arizona
Arizona ; Domaine aride ; Etats-Unis ; Géographie de l'Amérique ; Histoire de la végétation ; Holocène ; Moyenne montagne ; Paléobiogéographie ; Puerto Blanco Mountains ; Quaternaire zone chaude ; Variation climatique ; Zone subtropicale
Plant macrofossils from 21 pack rat (Neotoma sp.) middens at 535-605 m from the Puerto Blanco Mountains provide an excellent history of vegetation and climate for the last 14,120 yr B.P. in the Sonoran Desert. The inferences of a latest Wisconsin
The role of alluvial fans in the mountain fluvial systems of southeast Spain: implications of climatic change
Alluvial cone ; Alluvium ; Almería ; Arid area ; Climatic variation ; Fluvial dynamics ; Mountain ; Murcia ; Sediment transport ; Semi-arid area ; Spain
to which the mountain fluvial systems are buffered by aggrading alluvial fans or exhibit channel continuity through the mountain front environment. It further considers the implications of climatically induced changes between aggradational and dissectional
This paper deals with the mountain front alluvial fans in the semi-arid areas of Murcia and Almeria provinces. It attempts, by mapping the location of alluvial fans, then their classification into aggrading or dissecting fans, to identify the extent
The author shows the history of the Carpathian geological vertical zones during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene. The warming of climate, from a continental periglacial climate to a more oceanic one, and the rise in humidity were two engines
The precipitation climate of the swedish fells during the 20th century - some remarkable features in Climatological extremes in the mountains, Physical background, geomorphological and ecological consequences.
The large variability in space and time of precipitation amounts in mountainous regions is shown.