Carpathian Mountains ; Geomorphology ; Jurassic ; Limestone ; Numerical analysis ; Romania ; Topography ; Valley
The Trascău Mountains are located in the eastern part of Apuseni Mountains. The 400–1400 m high mountains are lithologically compound and from a morphological viewpoint, Jurassic Limestone terrains are the most characteristic. Deep-walled
transversal valleys (gorges) are very typical in these mountains. The AA. analyzed these features in terms of digital terrain analysis. - (AM)
Design of climate station network in mountain catchments
Applied climatology ; Czech Republic ; Meteorology ; Model ; Mountain ; Observation network ; Weather station
The AA. tested in the Jizera Mountains (Czech Republic) the density of climate station network which is in relation to spatial data interpolation, and watershed management targets. Point weather data (precipitation, air temperature, humidity
Changes in the rural landscape of the Polish Sudety Mountains in the post-war period
Cultural landscape ; Land use ; Mountain ; Nature conservation ; Poland ; Rural community ; Rural landscape ; Sudety
In the post-war period, the area of the Sudety Mountains has been subject to two main trends regarding the transformation of the landscape in rural areas. In a first phase, it was possible to observe an abrupt depopulation process
areas, and the result has been disruption of the spatial order. Various actions are today underway with a view to the typical cultural landscape being reinstated and protected, with the rural aspect of the mountain landscape being promoted
Effects of climate change on mass movements in mountain environments
Alps (The) ; Climatic change ; Climatic warming ; Europe ; Glacier ; High mountain ; Landslide ; Mass movement ; Mountain ; Natural hazards ; Permafrost ; Slope dynamics
In this progress report, the AA. document the role of climate variability and change on mass-movement processes in mountains through the description and analysis of selected, recent mass movements where effects of global warming and the occurrence
of heavy precipitation are thought to have contributed to, or triggered, events. In addition, they assess possible effects of future climatic changes on the incidence of mass-movement processes. The report concentrates on high-mountain systems, including
Drainage networks are usually influenced by the type, orientation and recent activity of regional and local faults and folds in tectonically active regions. In the Zagros Mountain Range, Western Iran, most drainage systems are controlled
a geomorphometric study by observing river profile and characteristics of mountain fronts in order to find spatial variations and style of rock uplift. Mountain front sinuosity (Smf), area-altitude relations (Hypsometric curves), Vf and AF indices differ
Palaeoenvironmental developments in the central Scandinavian mountains during deglaciation – a discussion
C 14 dating ; Coastline ; Deglaciation ; Europe ; Glacial isostasy ; Lithostratigraphy ; Model ; Mountain ; Northern Europe ; Norway ; Palaeo-environment ; Palaeobotany ; Palaeotemperature ; Scandinavia ; Sweden ; Upper Pleistocene ; Vegetation
It is proposed that parts of the mountains have been glacio-isostatically more depressed than previously thought and that the glacial dynamics could have been much more pronounced than traditionally assumed. As a consequence, it is proposed
that Baltic-Bothnian water crossed temporarily ice-free areas with low-altitude thresholds across the Scandinavian mountain range, sporadically allowing drainage towards the Atlantic Sea, and even that Atlantic water could temporarily have entered into Sweden
from the west. Such land-water scenarios could have resulted in a water transport system that steered floating tree seeds and sprouts, transported by rivers from central Europe and/or by seawater from the Atlantic, into the mountain range. There, high
Forest line changes after 1960 in a Norwegian mountain region - implications for the future
Biogeography ; Climatic change ; Climatic warming ; Forest ; Land use ; Livestock ; Mountain ; Norway ; Pastureland ; Southern Norway ; Tree line
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of land use and climate on forest line changes at regional and local scale in eastern Jotunheimen, a mountain region in southern Norway. It is shown that these forest line changes can be related
to changes in livestock grazing pressure between the 1960s and 2002. In contrast to other European mountain regions, highly relevant climate variables such as the triterm (the summer months) have not changed in the studied region. Therefore, land-use change
the present forest lines also in the eastern Jotunheimen mountain range.
Spatial distribution and temporal trends in potential evapotranspiration over Hengduan Mountains region from 1960 to 2009
China ; Climatic trend ; Climatology ; Evapotranspiration ; Interannual variability ; Monsoon ; Mountain ; North-Western China ; Seasonal variability ; Spatial distribution
Based on the meteorological data of 20 stations in the Hengduan Mountains region during 1961–2009, the annual and seasonal variation of potential evapotranspiration was analyzed in combination with the Penman-Monteith model. With the method
of the Hengduan Mountains exhibited decreasing trends over the studied period, and its regional trend was on the decline from southwest to northeast.
2012
[b1] State Key Lab. of Cryosphere Science/Yulong Snow Mountain Glaciers and Environmental Observation Station, Cold and Arid Region Environment and Engineering Research Inst., CAS, Lanzhou, Chine
Historic range of variability in geomorphic processes as a context for restoration : Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA
Action anthropique ; Bassin-versant ; Biogéomorphologie ; Colorado ; Coulée de débris ; Dynamique de versant ; Etats-Unis ; Milieu humide ; Montagne ; Restauration écologique ; Rocky Mountains
Biogeomorphology ; Colorado ; Debris flow ; Ecological restoration ; Human impact ; Humid environment ; Mountain ; Rocky Mountains ; Slope dynamics ; United States of America ; Watershed
The AA. investigated historic range of variability (HRV) of aggradational processes in the subalpine Lulu City wetland in Rocky Mountain National Park to understand the impacts of 2 centuries of altered land use and to guide restoration planning
Is climate change responsible for changing landslide activity in high mountains ?
Alps (The) ; British Columbia ; Canada ; Climatic change ; Deglaciation ; Glacier ; High mountain ; Landslide ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Slope dynamics ; Switzerland
The AA. analyze a series of catastrophic slope failures that occurred in the mountains of Europe, the Americas, and the Caucasus since the end of the 1990s. They distinguish between rock and ice avalanches, debris flows from de-glaciated areas
, and landslides that involve dynamic interactions with glacial and river processes. Analysis of these events indicates several important controls on slope stability in high mountains, including : the non-linear response of firn and ice to warming; three
Charcoal ; Climatic change ; Climatic warming ; Colorado ; Environmental change ; Fire ; Holocene ; Lacustrine sediment ; Magnetic susceptibility ; Mountain ; Palaeo-environment ; Pollen analysis ; Rocky Mountains ; United States of America
Data from a lake sediment core was used to reconstruct changes in vegetation and fire frequencies over the last 7000 cal yr : Bear Lake is a high-elevation lake surrounded by subalpine vegetation in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. The pollen
Changes of the cryosphere and related geohazards in the high-mountain areas of Tajikistan and Austria : a comparison
Alps (The) ; Austria ; Central Asia ; Climatic change ; Comparative study ; Glacial surge ; Glacier retreat ; High mountain ; Impact ; Mountain ; Natural hazards ; Pamir ; Permafrost ; Spatial distribution ; Tadzhikistan
This paper quantifies recent glacier changes and possible future permafrost retreat in the Austrian Alps and the Pamir and Alai Mountains of Tajikistan (Central Asia), 2 mountainous areas with striking differences in climate and hypsometry, but also
2012
[b2] Inst. of Mountain Risk Engineering, BOKU Univ. of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Autriche
The east-central part of Sardinia (Italy) is characterised by Jurassic dolomitic mesas (Tacchi, or «table mountains») that overlie a Palaeozoic basement mainly composed of metavolcanics and phyllites. These mountains are the remnants of a continuous
be distinguished on the table mountains, related to local base level stillstands. Also water table caves, scattered along the flanks of the mountains over an altitudinal range of about 200 m, show several stillstands in base level lowering. - (NF)
Air quality ; Alberta ; California ; Canada ; Carpathian Mountains ; Eastern Europe ; Ecosystem ; Environmental management ; Europe ; Forest ; Geostatistics ; Mountain ; North America ; Oregon ; Pollution ; Remote sensing ; United States of America
dioxide (SO2) in remote areas. The results, aided by geostatistical methodologies, have resulted in the creation of maps that are essential for a better understanding of the distribution of various air pollutants in the Carpathian Mountains (specifically
, the Tatras, Retezat, and Bucegi ranges) in Europe; the Sierra Nevada (including Sequoia, Kings Canyon and Yosemite National Parks), the San Bernardino Mountains, the White Mountains, and Joshua Tree National Park in California; the Columbia Rivers Basin
The role of thresholds and fine-scale processes in driving upper treeline dynamics in the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming
Bighorn Mountains ; Biogéographie ; Changement climatique ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Ecotone ; Etats-Unis ; Limite supérieure de la forêt ; Montagne ; Seuil ; Wyoming
Biogeography ; Climatic change ; Ecotone ; Mountain ; Threshold ; Tree line ; United States of America ; Vegetation dynamics ; Wyoming
This research investigates whether abrupt changes indicative of a threshold response occurred in the spatial and temporal patterns of tree establishment within upper treeline ecotones in the Bighorn Mountains of north-central Wyoming
Rock glacier activity in the Retezat Mountains, Southern Carpathians, Romania
Carpathian Mountains ; Erosion rate ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Rock glacier ; Romania ; Soil temperature
Thermal conditions in seven rock glaciers (RGs) in the Retezat Mountains were examined using ground surface temperature, the bottom temperature of snow (BTS) and late-summer water temperature at springs. RG activity is suggested based on BTS values
China ; Environmental degradation ; Hill ; Impact ; Karst ; Landscape ; Real estate market ; Shandong ; Urban expansion ; Urbanization ; ecological degradation ; karst mountain region ; settlement environment
Rapid economic development has induced urbanisation in China, especially in most of China's karst geological mountain regions. Jinan City belongs to the karst geological mountain region of north China and is well known for its fractured karst
improving, the destruction of Jinan's urban hills occurs owing to the mass construction of the market housing and excessive real estate investment in the karst mountainous region within the city, thereby resulting in the degradation of the urban mountainous
Spatial and thermal characteristics of mountain permafrost, Northwest Canada
The mountain cryospere - a holistic view on processes and their interactions
Air temperature ; British Columbia ; Canada ; Equilibrium model ; Mountain ; Periglacial features ; Permafrost ; Soil temperature ; Spatial analysis ; Thermal regime ; Tree line ; Yukon
An extensive network of monitoring stations was used to develop a mean annual air temperature map for the complex mountainous terrain in the southern Yukon and northern British Columbia. Relationships between air and ground surface temperatures
Presentation of recreational potential of the Sudetic Mountains on the basis of selected methods by which the suitability of weather conditions for tourist and recreational purposes can be assessed. The most characteristic features of the bioclimate
of the Sudetic Mountains are presented using the Climate Tourism Information Scheme (CTIS). These relate to the frequency of occurrence of particular bioclimatic conditions, as well as the influence of particular meteorological elements on the human organism
. The results of the research show that the lower hypsometric zones, in comparison to the highest parts of the mountains, are characterized by more favorable bioclimatic conditions as regards most of the criteria selected, excluding snow conditions for skiing