Glacial features were described for the first time on the Galicica Mountains, a mountain range separating the lakes of Ohrid and Prespa in Macedonia. The geomorphological mapping of part of this range allowed to document the existence of frontal
Since one century mountain Holocene glacier fluctuations are considered as proxies of climate changes. Starting from the Alps, studies in all the mountain regions from poles to the equator revealed a multitude of high-frequency glacier fluctuations
How many colours have those black rock mountains ?
Asia ; Geology ; High mountain ; Italy ; Karokoram ; Lithology ; Mountain ; Scientific expedition ; Weathering
In Uyghur Turkic language, Karakorum roughly means “black crumbling rocks” (kara = black; korum = gravel). But there are in fact many more colours than just black in the Karakorum mountains. Three of them are red, white, and green. These three
colours, were waving in the wind on the second-highest but perhaps one of the toughest-to-climb mountains on Earth. Achille Compagnoni was trampling snow on the top of K2 in the company of Lino Lacedelli and thanks to the heroism of Walter Bonatti
Multiscale influences of climate on upper treeline dynamics in the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA : evidence of intraregional variability and bioclimatic thresholds in response to twentieth-century warming
Bioclimatologie ; Changement climatique ; Colorado ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Etats-Unis ; Exposition de versant ; Limite supérieure de la forêt ; Montagne ; New Mexico ; Précipitation ; Rocky Mountains ; Réchauffement climatique ; Seuil
Bioclimatology ; Climatic change ; Climatic warming ; Colorado ; Mountain ; New Mexico ; Precipitation ; Rocky Mountains ; Slope exposure ; Spatial variation ; Temperature ; Threshold ; Tree line ; Twentieth Century ; United States of America
By using dendrochronological techniques, the AA. reconstructed tree establishment at upper treeline on 6 mountain peaks within the Front Range and Sangre de Cristo Mountains. They compared age-structure data with climate using Spearman's rank
correlation coefficients between annual and seasonal climate indexes and tree establishment dates at both regional (southern Rockies) and landscape scales (mountain range). Regime-shift analysis detected thresholds in temperature, precipitation, and tree
establishment data. The results highlight the intraregional variability in treeline sensitivity to climate in the southern Rocky Mountains and the usefulness of using a multiscale approach coupled with regime-shift analysis to examine the influence of twentieth
Alberta ; Canada ; Flood ; Mountain ; Plant colonization ; Riparian vegetation ; River bed ; Rocky Mountains ; Sedimentation ; Stream ; Tree ; Vegetation
This study was conducted in first- to third-order streams of Jumping Pound Creek in the Front Ranges of the Canadian Rocky Mountains, west of Calgary, Alberta, to provide an alternative explanation for patterns of tree recruitment in low order
gravel-bed mountain streams that does not conform to the standard lateral accretion model of tree recruitment for larger rivers. It is suggested that vertical accretion results in sediment deposition patterns on bars that are often highly patchy
to the bars on which trees establish. This pattern of sediment deposition/erosion and the resulting tree recruitment and survival seem to be a result of valley confinement and the lack of lateral accretion in these smaller, mountainous channels.
According to given definitions, culminations can be identified with the orographical centers of mountain groups of different sizes. Investigating a mountain range, the method presented starts with the identification of surrounding basins
, their basin axis, and the main ridge. The first step in the dividing process is to identify the first-order ridges between the catchment areas of all basins. Based on the selected basins, the resulting parts of the mountain range can be regarded
of the main basins. So called geographical (mountain) groups can be developed from the systematical groups by adaptation. Only 6 basic cases of adaptation are possible.
This article is an attempt to transfer a classical geomorphological concept – the sensitivity concept by Brunsden and Thornes – onto mountain permafrost systems. Focus is put on the impulses applied on the system and its subsequent response
. The system state, the ratio between sensitivity and resistivity, as well as all system components and the external impulses are understood to be variable in space and time. In order to address sensitivity and path dependence in mountain permafrost systems
Shifting of climatic vegetation belts in Eurasian mountains and their expression in slope evolution
Eurasia ; Geomorphology ; Glacial features ; Glacier fluctuation ; Inheritated geomorphological features ; Mountain ; Permafrost ; Quaternary ; Slope dynamics ; World
Climatic, vegetation vertical zones controlled mainly by changes in the temperature, shifting in the Quaternary, decide on the rate and direction of slope evolution. In the Eurasian Mountains beside vertical displacement of geomorphic processes
of uplift cause accelerated incision of valleys and large slope failures, it may be more important than the secular processes acting in various climatic vertical zones. The mountain glaciers during advances separate valley sides into supraglacial
Altitudinal zonation ; Climatic change ; Cryosphere ; Ecosystem ; Glacier fluctuation ; High mountain ; Hydrology ; Land use ; Mountain ; Soil properties ; Tree line ; Vegetation
Due to the system complexity and multifaceted interacting drivers, understanding current responses and predicting future changes in the mountain ecosystems is extremely difficult. The AA. aim to discuss potential effects of global change on mountain
ecosystems and give examples of the underlying response mechanisms as they are understood at present. Based on the development of scientific global change research in mountains and its recent structures, they identify future research needs, highlighting
Spatio-temporal activity of mass movements in the Krušné Hory Mountains (Czech Republic) : dendrogeomorphological case study
Czech Republic ; Dendrogeomorphology ; Dendrology ; Mass movement ; Ore Mountains ; Slope ; Slope dynamics ; Space time ; Spatial variation
This article utilizes dendrogeomorphology to investigate the spatial and temporal variation of mass movement dynamics on south-eastfacing slopes of the Krušné Hory Mountains, an area affected by open-pit mining. It is based on 93 samples collected
Magmatic and metamorphic events, imprinted in the crystalline rocks of the so-called core mountains inside the Alpine structure of the Inner Carpathians, allow the re-construction of the history of the Rheic Ocean opening, its development and its
final closure. All magmatic suites, mafic and felsic, present in the Carpathians core mountains, show similarities to those found in the European Variscan Belt. All described- and dated metamorphic and magmatic events also have equivalents
in the evolution of the Caledonian-Variscan Belts of Europe. The Carpathian core-mountains, currently dispersed inside the Alpine mountain chain, can be considered the broken fragments of the eastern prolongation of the Variscan orogenic belts – possibly part
The aim of this paper is the characterisation of the mountain lee wave arising in the Beskid Niski Mts. (Polish Carpathians). On the basis of Podkarpacki Aeroclub documentation of mountain lee wave gliding campaigns, it has been found
to a mountain lee wave in the Beskid Niski Mts. is 7 m.s-1, not necessarily in a stable atmospheric circulation. The paper presents the differences between the properties of the mountain lee wave in the Beskid Niski Mts., and the other major mountain ranges
Patterns of vegetation change on alpine mountain summer farms in Norway
Land use ; Livestock farming ; Mountain ; Norway ; Nutrient ; Pastureland ; Soil properties ; Summer farm ; Vegetation ; Vegetation dynamics ; Western Norway
Vegetation data and environmental variables of 3 mountain summer farms on the Hardangervidda plateau, Western Norway, with similar ecological site conditions, but different grazing histories and present states of use, were analysed with the help
of ordination methods. The results showed that mountain summer farming created a clear difference between areas at a larger distance from the farmsteads and those in the immediate surrounding of the buildings. The former are characterized by species typically
occurring in habitats with low disturbance, the latter by species characteristic for grazed habitats. Changes after abandonment of mountain summer farming occurred slowly, and the results emphasized the importance of the accumulated soil nutrients
Glacier area variation and climate change in the Chinese Tianshan Mountains since 1960
China ; Climatic change ; Climatic trend ; Data ; Glacier ; Glacier retreat ; Mountain ; Precipitation ; Temperature ; Tien Shan
Based on the statistics of glacier area variation measured in the Chinese Tianshan Mountains since 1960, the response of glacier area variation to climate change is discussed systematically. According to the 14 meteorological stations in the Chinese
Tianshan Mountains, both the temperature and precipitation display a marked increasing tendency from 1960 to 2009. The temperature in the dry seasons (from November to March) increases rapidly but the precipitation grows slowly while the results are inverse
The AA. examined the variation of soil properties with altitude in a soil catena of an inter-tropical mountain range, Fan Si Pan Mountain, in the north of Vietnam. It is observed that the soil carbon mineralization depends not only on temperature
Watershed morphology of highland and mountain ecoregions in Eastern Oklahoma
Aquatic ecosystem ; Drainage network ; Ecoregion ; Environmental management ; Geomorphometry ; Land use ; Mountain ; Oklahoma ; Stream ; United States of America ; Water quality ; Watershed
: Ozark Highlands, Boston Mountains, and Ouachita Mountains. These ecoregions were selected because of their high-quality stream resources and diverse aquatic communities and are of special management interest to the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife
This paper presents results from using the concentration of cosmogenic nuclides beryllium-10 (10Be) and aluminum-26 (26Al) in bulk sediment samples from depth profiles of 3 glacial deposits in the Quartermain Mountains. The measured nuclide
concentration profiles. Erosion of these tills without vertical mixing may partially explain how some glacial deposits in the Quartermain Mountains maintain their morphology and contain ground ice close to the surface for millions of years.
The paper discusses characteristics of tourist/leisure visits of mountain summits in high mountain area of Kamniška Bistrica and various factors that influence them. For the analysis of visits, data from summit books were used. Summits differ