Some special geomorphic processes of the monsoon area in East China
To know how intensely and extensively the monsoon climate in East China affects the geomorphic processes, it is necessary to trace it back to the evolution history of the East Asia monsoon (non-monsoon stage, paleo-monsoon stage, East Asia monsoon
stage). The following processes are very active : soil erosion, karstification, mudflow and freeze-thaw processes, eolian deposition. The role of the monsoon climate on the geomorphic processes during the Quarternary was similar to the present one
. But there is a much more distinct contrast between the stronger summer monsoon in the interglacial period and the stronger winter monsoon in the ice ages.
Agricultural climatology;Agroclimatology ; Annual variation ; Atmospheric circulation ; Australia ; Climatic variation ; Greenhouse effect ; Monsoon ; Queensland ; Seasonal variation ; Tropical zone ; Western Australia
To provide a basis for looking at changes in monsoonal characteristics under enhanced greenhouse condition, the current understanding of the Australian summer monsoonal circulation characteristics is reviewed here. Detailed information is given
on the formation and the steady development of the Pilbara heat low over the northwestern part of Australia and the importance of the location of the monsoon shear line, active and break cycles of the monsoon, influence of South China. Sea cold surges on monsoon
activity, 40-50 oscillation in monsoon rainfall and winds and their link to El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, the influence of the ENSO phenomenon on rainfall on interannual time scales and the link between monsoonal activity and tropical
Holocene variation of monsoon rainfall in Rajasthan
Two reconstructed histories of the monsoon rainfall in Rajasthan show that the monsoon was weak or absent in latest glacial time. With the advent of Holocene climatic patterns, fresh water lakes formed in dune fields and the pollen rain preserved
in these reservoirs provides a basis for the reconstruction of the monsoon history. The two reconstructions, separated by only 150km, have some features in common and some striking differences. Both show maximum monsoon amounts in the early Holocene, with a roughly
Regime and mass-energy exchange of subtropical latitude glaciers under monsoon climatic conditions : Gongga Shan, Sichuan, China
Atmospheric circulation ; China ; Cyclone ; Glacier ; Glacier mass balance ; Monsoon ; Sichuan
Existence of glaciers in this region of western China is determined by the interplay of monsoon development which reduces the available summer solar radiation approximately six-fold. - (DWG)
Pacific sea surface temperature forcing dominates orbital forcing of the Early Holocene monsoon
Asia ; Atmospheric circulation ; El Niño ; Holocene ; Monsoon ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Pacific Region ; Palaeoclimate ; Quaternary ; Surface temperature
In this study, a comparison is made between orbital forcing and Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) forcing of the monsoon through a sequence of atmospheric general circulation model experiments configured for 6,000 and 9,000 yr B.P. The results
imply that SSTs are potentially as important as orbital parameters in governing the monsoon and that more data , particularly from the equatorial Pacific, are crucial to deciphering Holocene climate.
The seasonally varying monsoon circulations associated with the annual heating and cooling of the Asian continent are the most important large-scale aspects of the general circulation of the atmosphere. The Indian summer monsoon affects the lives
the first Global Atmospheric Research Programme Global Experiment with the implementation of the Monsoon Experiment (MONEX) observational programme.
Grain size of quartz as an indicator of winter monsoon strength on the Loess Plateau of Central China during the last 130,000 Yr
China ; Grain size distribution ; Indicator ; Loess ; Magnetic susceptibility ; Monsoon ; Palaeoclimatology ; Palaeosol ; Pedogenesis ; Plateau ; Quartz ; Quaternary ; Shaanxi
The Chinese loess-paleosol sequence constitutes an important record of variations in Asian monsoon climate over the past 2.4 myr. Magnetic susceptibility of loess and paleosols has been used as a proxy for summer monsoon intensity, while median
grain size has been regarded as a measure of the strength of winter monsoon winds that were responsible for most of the dust transport. However, median grain size is only an approximate index of winter monsoon strength because both paleosols and loess
East Asian monsoon climates and Gobi dynamics in marine isotope stages 4 and 3
Asia ; China ; Gobi ; Lateglacial ; Loess ; Magnetic susceptibility ; Mongolia ; Monsoon ; Palaeoclimatology ; Palynology ; Plateau ; Quaternary
Several thick last glacial loess sequences in the western part of the Chinese Loess Plateau and an eolian-colluvial sequence in the central Mongolian plateau are used to understand how the summer and winter monsoons responded to global forcing
factors during marine isotope stages (MIS) 4 and 3. The magnetic susceptibility data are compared with other climatic proxy data to improve the well-publicized reconstruction of the past monsoons. The improved reconstruction is then used to see whether
or not the two monsoons have been responding to the same global forcing factors at the same rates.
The AA. use loess grain-size records derived from the Chinese Loess Plateau as a proxy indicator of the East Asian winter monsoon, and compare the winter monsoon record with global ice volume changes at both time and frequency domains. The possible
dynamic linkage between the variations in the winter monsoon circulation and global ice volume is addressed.
Speleothem evidence for changes in Indian summer monsoon precipitation over the last 2300 years
Carbonate ; Cave ; Climatic variation ; Holocene ; Little ice age ; Mineralogy ; Monsoon ; Nepal ; Palaeo-environment
Speleothems from a well-ventilated dolomitic cave in the Pokhara Valley, central Nepal, preserve a mineralogic record of Indian summer monsoon variability over the past 2300 yr. Annually deposited aragonite layers formed between 2300 and 1500 yr B.P
., indicating reduced monsoon precipitation and increased cave aridity, whereas alternating calcite/aragonite laminae deposited after 1500 yr B.P. record elevated summer monsoon precipitation and increased cave humidity. Dense, optically clear calcite layers
Variability of East Asian winter monsoon in Quaternary climatic extremes in North China
China ; Climatic variability ; Grain size distribution ; Loess ; Magnetic susceptibility ; Monsoon ; Palaeoclimatology ; Palaeosol ; Plateau ; Quaternary ; Shaanxi ; Winter
In order to examine high-frequency variations of East Asian winter monsoon in Quaternary climatic extremes, two typical loess-paleosol sequences in the Chinese Loess Plateau were investigated : Upper sand and Lower sand have been sampled at Luochuan
and Xifeng. The grain size and magnetic susceptibility were measured for all samples. The intensified winter monsoon events show periodicities, with a dominant cycle of approximately 1450 yr. Millenial-scale variations of the winter monsoon may be caused
Synchronism of Holocene East Asian monsoon variations and North Atlantic drift-ice tracers
Aeolian features ; Atlantic Ocean ; Beijing ; C 14 dating ; China ; Correlation ; Holocene ; Monsoon ; North Atlantic Ocean ; Ocean atmosphere interaction ; Palaeoclimatology ; Palaeosol ; Quaternary
Eighteen radiocarbon-dated eolian and paleosol profiles within a 1500-km-long belt along the arid to semi-arid transition zone of north-central China record variations in the extent and strength of the East Asian summer monsoon during the Holocene
. The monsoon variations correlate closely with variations in North Atlantic drift-ice tracers that represent episodic advection of drift ice and cold polar surface water southward and eastward into warmer subpolar water. The correspondence of these records over
the full span of Holocene time implies a close relationship between North Atlantic climate and the monsoon climate of central China.
Eolian quartz flux variations in Cheju Island, Korea, during the last 6500 yr and a possible Sun-monsoon linkage
Aeolian dust ; Aeolian features ; Climatic change ; Holocene ; Island ; Monsoon ; Palaeoclimatology ; Quartz ; Quaternary ; Sedimentology ; Solar activity ; South Korea
The AA. present a high-resolution study of the variability of eolian quartz flux (EQF), a proxy for Asian dust, carried during the last 6500 yr by northwesterly winter monsoonal winds from sources in the inner part of China to Cheju Island, Korea
. The AA. examine the paleoclimatic implications of these data and their significance for the Sun-monsoon linkage during the mid to late Holocene. The centennial scale variability in EQF may be affected by the solar activity through the East Asian monsoon
Monsoon fluctuations in two 20,000-yr B.P. Oxygen-isotope/pollen records off southwest India
Two important phases of the evolution of the monsoon climate are a very arid period about 22,000-18,000 yr B.P. and a very humid period culminating at 11,000 yr B.P.
Impact of the southern oscillation on the North American Southwest Monsoon
Arizona ; Atmospheric circulation ; Climatic anomaly ; Climatic variation ; Monsoon ; New Mexico ; Numerical model ; Precipitation ; Teleconnection ; United States
The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between fluctuations in the Southern Oscillation and the pattern and intensity of precipitation anomalies associated with the Southwest Monsoon. Sixty-five years (1920-1984) of July
Analysis of inter-station daily rainfall correlation during the southwest monsoon in the wet zone of Sri Lanka
Correlation ; Hydrology ; Monsoon ; Precipitation ; Sri Lanka ; Tropical zone
The present study provides some aspects on the spatial organization of daily rainfall during the Southwest Monsoon season in the Wet Zone of Sri Lanka. Data have been analysed for 11 stations (May to September, 1971-1985) to yield the spatial
Deforestation is often blamed as the principal cause of flooding during the monsoon period. However, bank-fall discharge at 22 stream crossings provide data to show that 82 percent of its veriation had nothing to do with forest cover. - (DWG)