The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of spatially discontinuous date on modeled runoff by testing how differences in the size and number of model units affect the ability of a model to simulate the runoff process in a large
The purpose of this paper is to present different possibilities available to quantitatively analyze a ecosystems' diversity. First the methods of systems analysis with important concepts are presented and then different model techniques. Examples
The A. reviews various prescriptions and parameterizations for snow and ice albedo which have been employed in sea-ice model simulations. Sea-ice albedo is also briefly discussed in terms of its interactions with ice thickness and atmospheric
conditions (radiation balance, clouds) in modelled atmospheres. Some recommendations for improving sea-ice albedo representation in numerical models are proposed.
Géographie physique ; Modèle ; Modèle mathématique ; Permafrost ; Périglaciaire ; Température ; Thermokarst ; URSS ; Zone froide
of thermokarst are analyzed. In this paper the mathematical models of these problems, computer programs for the models and some numerical calculations for concrete objects and districts are suggested.
The AA. present an interdisciplinary study on data and modeling intercomparison, concerning the possible existence of a Tibetan ice sheet and its climatological implications during the ice age.
Markov models offer an objective and quantitative method of assessing beach changes. For a stretch of the Holderness coast a beach classification scheme was devised and a probabilistic first order matrix model based on surveyed profile data
was produced. Different profile types dominated different coastal locations and seasonal variations were seen. In order to improve the accuracy of prediction throughout the year a second winter model was added to the original summer one.
The model allows to estimate the time and the position of forming of the depth hoar strates and allows to calculate the snow strength in different layers of snowpack and the variation of snow strength in the process of metamorphism. The suggested
thermomechanical model of the snowpack structure formation allows to decide the important problem of the avalanche alarm prognosis with using of the experimental meteo-data from the snow-avalanches station.
Landsliding of clayey slopes with a wavy slip surface : model and its application
Argile ; Dynamique de versant ; Glissement de terrain ; Géographie physique ; Modèle ; Rugosité ; Surface de glissement ; Versant
Présentation d'un modèle de glissement de terrain sur les pentes argileuses dont le profil longitudinal de la surface de glissement est sinusoïdal. Examen des valeurs critiques séparant deux types de glissements à l'aide de ce modèle.
A model of till emplacement based on the catastrophic alteration of hydrological conditions across the Precambrian/Paleozoic boundary is proposed. This model accords closely with the available field evidence. It highlights the significance
A series of climate model simulations are utilized to examine the climate evolution of the Appalachians from the Carboniferous to the Present through consideration of large scale changes in paleogeography and potential variations in carbon dioxide
The basic berm-forms noted in the field are described briefly. These examples are used as prototypes in developing Froude-scaled hydraulic simulation models designed to replicate the observed features and shed light on the process and time-scales
The AA. intend to consider phenomenological as well as statistical thermodynamic landscape models. From maps, the entropy of various landscapes will be calculated according to the two types of models mentioned and conclusions will be drawn regarding
Charge en suspension ; Ecologie ; Floculation ; Granulométrie ; Géographie physique ; Milieu aquatique ; Modèle ; Sédimentologie
Présentation d'un modèle analytique de sédimentation en fonction du temps pour une suspension à hauteur limitée. Ce modèle permet de prédire correctement la diminution de la concentration totale de trois suspensions de sédiments à grain fin par
Proposition d'un modèle mathématique pour la description du recul de têtes d'incision dans des rigoles et des ravins. Ce modèle introduit un facteur d'érodibilité et quelques paramètres topographiques et hydrodynamiques fondamentaux. Il prédit le
Comparative evaluation of two models in predicting storm soil loss from erosion plots in semi-aride Spain
Bassin Fortuna-Abanilla ; Conservation des sols ; Domaine semi-aride ; Erosion des sols ; Espagne ; Géographie physique ; Modèle ; Murcia ; Orage ; Protection de la nature ; Précipitation ; Prévision ; Végétation
This paper asks whether it is safe to utilise two widely-used models, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the Soil Loss Estimation Model for Southern Africa (SLEMSA), to conditions for which they were not designed : semi-arid SE Spain
. Comparing the actual soil loss in the Fortuna-Abanilla Basin with what would be predicted by USLE and SLEMSA indicated that neither model can completely be applied with current knowledge of equation factor values.