Biogeography ; Classification ; Lake ; Mathematical model ; Model ; Neural network ; Stream
Modelling of cyanobacteria in freshwaters is an important tool for understanding their population dynamics and predicting bloom occurence in lakes and rivers. In this paper existing key models of cyanobacteria are reviewed, evaluated and classified
. Two major groups emerge : deterministic mathematical and artificial neural network models.
A conceptual model for meander initiation in bedload-dominated streams
Cours d'eau ; Erosion des berges ; Géométrie hydraulique ; Modèle ; Modèle conceptuel ; Méandre ; Transport sédimentaire
Bank erosion ; Channel geometry ; Conceptual model ; Meander ; Model ; Sediment transport ; Stream
A simple analytic model is presented relating local sediment transport capacity to variance in the transverse shear stress distribution in a stream channel. The model is used to develop a physically based conceptual model for the initiation
Bibliography ; Digital elevation model ; Error ; Methodology ; Model ; Physical geography ; Typology
This paper reviews research on the understanding, modelling and propagation of error in DEMs, with the aim of presenting a comprehensive statement of the issues surrounding these topics : sources of error in DEMs, error models, error propagation
Modèle dynamique du processus de production du tournesol
Modèle ; Modèle dynamique ; Photosynthèse ; Production ; Produit agricole ; Tournesol
Agricultural product ; Dynamic model ; Model ; Photosynthesis ; Production
Modèle dynamique de long terme de production du tournesol dans lequel la photosynthèse, la respiration, la croissance et le développement des tournesols sont examinés au niveau des organes individuels et de l'organisme global.
Bilan hydrologique ; Caspienne ; Dépression fermée ; Modèle ; Modèle mathématique ; Modèle non stationnaire ; Niveau marin ; Russie d'Europe ; Variation climatique
Caspienne Sea ; Climatic variation ; Closed depression ; European part of Russia ; Mathematical model ; Model ; Sea level ; Water balance
Les modèles stationnaires et non stationnaires des fluctuations de niveau d'un bassin fermé. Le modèle du niveau de la mer Caspienne. Le climat et le niveau de la mer Caspienne.
European part of Russia ; Geomorphology ; Geomorphometry ; Mathematical model ; Model ; Numerical model ; Relief ; Tatarstan
Méthode de construction de matrices numériques de terrain. La méthode est basée sur un modèle mathématique utilisant un polynôme algébrique de puissance 3. Application au modèle numérique de relief de la république du Tatarstan.
Flood ; Hydrology ; Mathematical model ; Model ; Rainfall ; Runoff ; Watershed
The article gives some basic information about rainfall-runoff modelling, various approaches, methods and possibilities of application. There are presented modelling techniques in common models like HEC-HMS, MIKE-DHE, Sacramento, NASIM, HBV
Economic impact ; Enquiry ; Gravity model ; Industrial geography ; Inter-industrial linkages ; Location ; Model ; Region ; Scotland
Tableaux des échanges interindustriels et quotients de localisation. Modèle de compte économique régional détaillé. Méthode d'enquête. Comparaison des résultats.
Evaluation of three different Model Concepts to Simulate the Rainfall-Runoff process in a tropical headwater catchment in West Africa
Afrique ; Afrique de l'Ouest ; Bénin ; Modèle ; Précipitation ; Simulation de pluie
Africa ; Benin ; Model ; Precipitation ; Rainfall simulation ; West Africa
L'étude évalue l'application de trois concepts différents de modèles de simulation des pluies et des écoulements en Afrique de l'Ouest. Les trois modèles (un modèle basé sur TOPMODEL, un modèle conceptuel et un modèle physique) sont testés dans deux
Bibliography ; Earth surface processes ; Fluvial erosion ; Model ; Numerical model ; Slope dynamics ; Tectonics ; Topography
This review summarizes and evaluates the important issues concerning numerical surface process models (SPMs) of long-term landscape evolution that have been addressed only in a passing way by previous authors. The issues reviewed here
are : the formulation of the laws that represent fluvial and hillslope processes in SPMs; the implementation of the various algorithms on numerical grids; model parameterization; and model testing.
Modelling runoff and soil erosion in logged forests : scope and application of some existing models
Australie ; Ecoulement ; Erosion des sols ; Etude comparée ; Forêt ; Modèle ; New South Wales ; Prévision ; Simulation de pluie
Australia ; Comparative study ; Forecast ; Forest ; Model ; New South Wales ; Rainfall simulation ; Runoff ; Soil erosion
This study examines the application of 3 erosion models of varying complexity and design for predicting runoff and soil erosion from logged forest compartments in south eastern Australia. These are the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), the Water
Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP), and TOPOG, a physically based hydrologic modelling package. The models were evaluated in terms of general ease of use, input data requirements and accuracy of process understanding and prediction.
Bathymetry ; Catalonia ; Digital elevation model ; Flood ; Gerona ; Global Positioning System ; Model ; Roughness ; Spain ; Stream ; Topography
The effects of the topographic data source and resolution on the hydraulic modelling of floods were analysed. Seven digital terrain models (DTMs) were generated from three different altimetric sources : a global positioning system (GPS) survey
and bathymetry; high-resolution laser altimetry data LiDAR (light detection and ranging); and vectorial cartography (1:5000). Selection criteria were established for the different topographic models in order to assess their generation and treatment in relation
to the time-cost ratio for each methodology. the hydraulic modelling was carried out on a 2 km reach of the Ted River near Sant Juliá de Ramis near Girona in NE Spain.
Spatial modelling of vegetation change in dynamic landscapes : a review of methods and applications
Analyse spatiale ; Années 1990 ; Années 2000 ; Bibliographie ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Ecologie du paysage ; Forêt ; Modèle ; Paysage ; Simulation ; Système d'information géographique ; Végétation
Bibliography ; Forest ; Geographical information system ; Landscape ; Landscape ecology ; Model ; Simulation ; Spatial analysis ; Vegetation ; Vegetation dynamics ; Years 1990-99 ; Years 2000-2009
This review considers the development and application of landscape-level spatially explicit ecological models, with an emphasis on vegetation dynamics and disturbance, and the management applications of these models. Mechanistic and stochastic
models are compared and contrasted and the development, over the last 15 years, of spatial landscape models of ecological change is discussed.
Earth surface processes ; Erosion ; Erosion rate ; Fracture ; Grain size distribution ; Model ; Numerical model ; Weathering
By extending an existing armouring model, ARMOUR, and using a variety of published weathering mechanisms this interaction has been explored. The model predicts that while this is generally true, in some cases erosion can be decreased by weathering
. A quantitative understanding of this interaction will allow to model the change in long-term soil erodibility and erosion rates, an important component of predicting the long-term evolution of landforms. Because the AA. have ignored biogenic effects they do
not claim to fully model soil development, but only the interaction between armouring and weathering.
Discrete choice modelling of urban housing markets : a critical review and an application
Australie ; Choix de l'habitat ; Coût du logement ; Logement ; Marché du logement ; Modèle ; Modèle logit ; Quartier ; Queensland ; Sydney ; Ville
Australia ; Housing ; Housing cost ; Housing market ; Logit model ; Model ; Queensland ; Residential choice ; Sydney ; Town ; Urban district
L'A. effectue un bilan et une critique sur les publications relatives au choix de l'habitat, et notamment sur les techniques utilisées pour modéliser les décisions des ménages. Le modèle logit multinomial est comparé aux avancées récentes sur les
modèles de choix discret. Application à Sydney, années 1986 et 1996.
Belgium ; Digital elevation model ; Holocene ; Loess ; Model ; Palaeogeography ; Palaeogeomorphology ; Soil erosion ; Topography ; Watershed
The AA. present a topography based hillslope erosion and deposition model that is based on the WATEM/SEDEM model structure and works on a millennial time scale. Soil erosion, transport and deposition are calculated using slope and unit contributing
area. The topography is iteratively rejuvenated by taking into account modelled erosion and deposition rates, thereby simulating topographic development backwards in time. The model is spatially evaluated, using detailed estimates for historical soil
erosion and show that the model can simulate realistic soil redistribution patterns.
Hydroclimatic analysis of a carbonate island pond through the development of a hydrologic landscape unit model
Bahamas ; Climat ; Etang ; Hydrologie ; Ile ; Impact ; Modèle ; Ressource en eau ; Roche carbonatée
Bahamas ; Carbonate rock ; Climate ; Hydrology ; Impact ; Island ; Model ; Pond ; Water resources
The aim of this study is to develop a methodology that allows for an estimate of the hydroclimatic influence on an inland pond system on San Salvador, Bahamas. The methodology utilizes the Hydrologic Landscape Unit (HLU) model, a new conceptual
model. For this case study, a linear regression model was developed to empirically assess the HLU. This analysis separates tidal and climatic impacts on water levels of the pond and indicates that astronomical tides dominate, explaining 65