Greenhouse gas and sulfate aerosol experiments using a simple global-energy-balance model
Action anthropique ; Aérosol ; Bilan énergétique ; Changement global ; Effet de serre ; Modèle ; Précipitation ; Température ; Variation climatique
Aerosol ; Climatic variation ; Energy balance ; Global change ; Greenhouse effect ; Human impact ; Model ; Precipitation ; Temperature
A one-dimensional global-energy-balance model is used to simulate the climate response of increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and sulfate aerosol loadings. The results from a simple numerical model provide interesting comparisons
with both the results from the much more complex general circulation models and the observed trends in global climate over the past century.
Le modèle MOIRA et les problèmes de modélisation du secteur agro-alimentaire au niveau mondial: Discussions méthodologiques sur plusieurs modèlesglobaux construits par différents spécialistes. Aspects généraux de la production agricole mondiale et
The atmosphere exchanges heat, moisture and momentum with other climate subsystems. This paper describes some applications of climate models in agriculture and puts forward the argument, that recent climate models are very close to numerical weather
prediction models. The physical parameterization approach implemented first in climate models, is now applied in a useful way to everyday agricultural management.
The GCTE Soil Erosion Network and model evaluation studies
Ecosystem ; Global change ; Modelling ; Research programme ; Soil erosion
Changement global ; Ecosystème ; Erosion des sols ; Modélisation ; Programme de recherche
A core research project within the Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems (GCTE) programme is the Soil Erosion Network. It objectives in data collection and modelling are outlined. - (AJC)
Bioclimatology ; Classification ; Climatic variation ; Forecast ; Forest ; Global change ; Greenhouse effect ; Model ; Vegetation
The Holdridge life-zone classification scheme is examined as an example of an impacts (or application) model which is already being applied to output from global climate models representing both present-day and greenhouse-warmed environments. Very
different conclusions can be drawn about future distributions of continental vegetation, depending upon the version of this application model that is selected, the input used and the subsequent assessment procedure employed.
Action anthropique ; Bibliographie ; Changement global ; Effet de serre ; Impact ; Modèle ; Niveau marin ; Réchauffement climatique ; Température de surface ; Variation climatique
Bibliography ; Climatic variation ; Climatic warming ; Global change ; Greenhouse effect ; Human impact ; Impact ; Model ; Sea level ; Surface temperature
This progress report on global warming will focus on : the outcome of the Kyoto conference and its significance for future global climate change, and the current state of the global climate system, in particular the surface air temperature record
and its interpretation. The A. will also consider recent work that has a bearing on just how significant current and future global climate warming may be for the planet and for the life which inhabits it.
Major changes are occurring in the global warming debate. Popular alarmist views are giving way to more balanced assessments of the situation. There is now greater emphasis on the lack of consensus among climatologists on fundamental scientific
Climatic variation ; Global change ; Model ; Poland ; Regional climate ; Simulation
General Circulation Models (GCMs) are now the tools most widely applied in the generation of scenarios for climatic change on the global scale. One of the methods by which to move down from the global to regional scales is application of the LARS-WG
weather model, a stochastic weather generator simulating daily values for elements of the climate. An attempt to verify the model was made on the basis of data for the Zamość weather station. Discussion of the results.
Ecological models at regional and global scales, presentation of a cooperative research agenda; Lund - Copenhagen
Afrique ; Changement global ; Distribution spatiale ; Dynamique de la végétation ; Echelle ; Ecologie ; Ecosystème ; Modèle ; Sahel ; Télédétection
Africa ; Ecology ; Ecosystem ; Global change ; Model ; Remote sensing ; Sahel ; Scale ; Spatial distribution ; Vegetation dynamics
The objective of this research is to work on a new approach to the development of ecological models where all input parameters can actually be measured on a relevant scale (from regional to global), primarily by means of remote sensing.
Global warming and permafrost in Eurasia: a catastrophic scenario
Catastrophe ; Changement global ; Coin de glace ; Eurasie ; Jakutija ; Modèle ; Pergélisol ; Réchauffement climatique ; Variation climatique ; Zone froide
Catastrophe ; Climatic variation ; Climatic warming ; Cold area ; Eurasia ; Global change ; Ice wedge ; Model ; Permafrost ; Yakutia
Since models of global warming predict that climatic changes will be greatest in the Arctic and might already be in progress, it is prudent to attempt to understand the rapidly changing thermal regime on Eurasian cold regions. In this paper
the A. tries to evaluate the probable catastrophic implications of global climatic change in the cold regions of Eurasia. The impact on Man activities in permafrost regions is discussed.
Current issues in global warming and mitigation efforts : focus on California
California ; Changement global ; Circulation atmosphérique ; Climat ; Effet de serre ; Etats-Unis ; Gestion de l'environnement ; Impact ; Modèle ; Prévision ; Réchauffement climatique
Atmospheric circulation ; California ; Climate ; Climatic warming ; Environmental management ; Forecast ; Global change ; Greenhouse effect ; Impact ; Model ; United States of America
The A. reviews the scientific basis for global warming, presents outstanding issues in climate modeling, and examines the reasons for the uncertainty in future predictions. Global impacts, those on California in particular, are discussed together
Contributing to global change science : the ethics, obligations and opportunities of working with palaeoenvironmental databases
Base de données ; Changement global ; Climat ; Ethique ; Holocène ; Modèle ; Paléo-environnement ; Paléoclimat ; Variation climatique
Climate ; Climatic variation ; Data base ; Ethics ; Global change ; Holocene ; Model ; Palaeo-environment ; Palaeoclimate
Evaluation of the performance of climate models under climates that are radically different from today is an integral and important component of global change research; palaeoenvironmental data are essential to this evaluation. Evaluation data must
of global syntheses. Continued discussion is required to ensure that these difficulties are ultimately overcome.
Concept ; Geomorphogenesis ; Global tectonics ; Isostasy ; Model
The aims of this paper are to demonstrate how the concept of isostaxy has been misunderstood in relation to landscape evolution, to outline a model of isostasy that is applicable to large-scale, long-term denudational unloading, and briefly
to assess some of the implications of this model for landscape evolution.
Atmospheric circulation ; Climatic variation ; Global change ; Hydrology ; Impact ; Methodology ; Model ; Stream flow ; Water resources
This article reviews the current state of methodologies for simulating hydrological responses to global climate change, (global atmospheric general circulation models, GCMs). Emphasis is given to recent advances in climatic downscaling
and the problems related to the practical application of appropriate models in impact studies. Following a discussion of the advantages and deficiencies of the various approaches, challenges for the future study of the hydrological impacts of climate change